信息化技术应用于静脉血栓栓塞症护理的研究进展

综述信息化技术在静脉血栓栓塞症护理领域中风险预测、警报接收与上报、抗凝防治管理、医护人员相关继续医学教育、患者疾病预后管理的应用现状，总结其应用阻碍因素，旨在为我国静脉血栓栓塞症护理信息化建设提供参考。     

中医药治疗动脉粥样硬化临床研究进展

中医药防治动脉粥样硬化的研究具有良好的实践基础和应用前景,治疗方法可归于四类,即活血化瘀、化痰调脂、痰瘀同治、扶正祛邪,研究者辨证施治,多在临床上取得了满意的疗效。目前研究仍存在一些亟待解决的问题:首先,中医药防治动脉粥样硬化临床研究重复性差,缺乏大样本、多中心、高质量的临床研究及系统深入的实验研究;其次,对专家经验方及中药复方研究不够深入,临床药效物质基础不明确,缺乏对其作用机制的深入挖掘;再次,目前的研究不够系统和全面,主要集中在对动脉粥样硬化的形成和发展过程的研究,对斑块易损性研究相对较少。针对上述问题,今后应加强中医药治疗动脉粥样硬化的基础及临床研究,为治疗提供更加明确的理论依据和临床证据;同时,建立具有中医特色的研究模式,以中医宏观辨证理论为指导,利用现代医学技术,参考现代中药药理实验结果选药组方,扩大辨证选药思路,加强对中药方剂配伍规律的研究,以及对其有效成分的分离提取、鉴定和作用机制研究,并将传统组方理论与针对发病机制的对病治疗相结合,多角度、多层次探索中医药的作用机理。此外,应不断深入探索动脉粥样硬化的发病机制,并结合细胞工程、分子生物学及基因科学,积极研究中医药的药效学基础和机制。     

Patient preferences and predicted relative uptake for targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer: a discrete choice experiment

Abstract

Objective

Ras wild-type metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC) may be treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents. We aim to estimate patients’ preferences for mCRC treatment and relative importance of cost, efficacy improvement, avoidance of side effects and therapy convenience, and relative uptake between profiles that resemble Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF) and Cetuximab (anti-EGFR), two commonly prescribed mCRC targeted therapies.     

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Spermatogenesis in Rats with Oligozoospermia of Insufficiency of Shen (Kidney) Essence Syndrome

Objective: To assess the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on expression of cytoskeletal proteins from Sertoli cells(SCs) and spermatogenesis in rats with oligozoospermia of insufficiency of Shen(Kidney)essence syndrome(OIKES).Methods: Twenty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups using a random number table: control,tripterygium glycosides(TG) treatment,sham and EA groups(n=5 in each group).A rat model of OIKES was established by oral gavage with TG.The EA group was treated with TG and received EA at Shenshu(BL 23) and Zusanli(ST 36) acupoints for 20 min,once daily for 30 days,while the sham group received EA at identical acupoints with skin penetration without stimulation.After 30 days,the ?nal body weight and coef?cients for the testis and epididymis were calculated and sperm parameters were measured.Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to detect expression of vimentin and α-tubulin in SCs and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) immunoreactivity in germ cells.Apoptosis in germ cells was quanti?ed by the transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling assay.Results: Compared with the control group,the final body weight and testis/epididymis coefficients of rats in the TG-treated group were not significantly different,but the sperm count and motility were lower(P0.05).Expressions of vimentin and α-tubulin were also signi?cantly weaker(P0.01).The PCNA immunoreactivity of germ cells was decreased(P=0.059),whereas the apoptotic index of germ cells was increased signi?cantly(P0.01).In contrast,EA at BL 23 and ST 36 acupoints signi?cantly improved the ?nal body weight as well as the sperm count,concentration and motility(P0.01 or P0.05).EA increased expression of vimentin and α-tubulin in SCs markedly,and signi?cantly enhanced PCNA immunoreactivity with decreased apoptosis in germ cells(P0.01 or P0.05).Conclusions: EA at BL 23 and ST 36 acupoints has protective effects on spermatogenesis in rats with OIKES.This effect seems to be achieved by attenuating TG-induced disruption of cytoskeletal protein in SCs.