A perception-based study to explore COVID-19 pandemic stress and its factors in Bangladesh

Background and aimsWorldwide the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated sufferings of mental health and behaviour attitudes of people. Many countries, including Bangladesh, reported suicide as extreme consequences of the psychological burden influenced by COVID-19. The present study explores human stress and its factor influenced by COVID-19 in Bangladesh, which significantly affect the quality of life.MethodsAn online-based questionnaire survey was conducted among 651 adult Bangladeshi populations by capturing socio-demographic information, possible human stress, and consequences of the pandemic. A set of statistical tools such as Pearson's Correlation Matrix (PCM), T-test, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied to identify the relationship between different factors and influential factors increasing human stress.ResultsMore than 83% of the participants are facing COVID-19 related mental stress, which results in short temper, sleep disorder, and family chaos. PCA and HCA outcomes indicated a significant relationship between the respondents' opinions and human stress factors, which harmonized with the country's existing scenario. PCM results enlighten the relationship between human stress factors and found financial hardship, cutting back daily spending, and food crisis are interconnected together causes stress. Also, hampering students' formal education and future career plans significantly contribute to mental stress.ConclusionBased on the above findings, it's crucial to introduce a time-oriented strategy and implement precaution monitoring plans for Bangladesh. The rescue plan will help people to manage the pandemic and improve mental health to fight against psychological challenges related to COVID-19 and future pandemics.     

维药买提布合爱普体猛汤治疗高脂血症疗效观察

传统维吾尔医学无“血脂”概念,更无“高脂血症”的病名,只是根据高脂血症的病因病机和临床表现,将高脂血症归属于“血浊”、“血浓”、“异常黑胆质性气质失调症”的范畴.维吾尔医学提出先用异常黑胆质成熟剂使体内的异常黑胆质得到易于排泄的状态,后用异常黑胆质清除剂排泄之,使血液恢复到正常状态.买提布合爱普体猛汤是“成熟及清除疗法”所用的“成熟剂”及“清除剂”的融合体,具备同时能成熟及清除所谓异常黑胆质的特点,     

Xanthogranulomatous orchitis: Review of the published work and report of one case

Xanthogranulomatous orchitis is an extremely rare inflammatory non-neoplastic destructive lesion of the testis. We report a 44-year-old man who presented with right scrotal swelling and two discharging sinuses. Testicular tumor markers were normal. Scrotal ultrasound showed heterogeneous testicular areas and irregular margin of the tunica. Surgical exploration revealed infected, unhealthy testicular tissue with necrosis and tumor-like lesion. Orchidectomy was done and histopathology showed xanthogranulomatous orchitis.     

维吾尔药玫瑰花口服液结合西药治疗44例心血管疾病的疗效观察

冠心病、高血压、心律失常等心血管疾病作为现代社会的多发病和常见病，已经引起医学界的广泛关注和高度重视。维吾尔医药基于维吾尔医药的特有理论和丰富的经验，借助现代医学先进的诊疗技术和科学手段，对部分常见的心血管疾病进行了大量的临床观察和深入的研究，取得了许多独具特色的成功经验和科研成果。我院在临床上自1991年开始应用玫瑰花口服液治疗心血管疾病，疗效显著。现仅在2005年治疗心血管疾病中随机抽样进行疗效观察。     

Influence of urbanization of the western coast of the United Arab Emirates on trace metal content in muscle and liver of wild Red-spot emperor (Lethrinus lentjan).

We hypothesized that increased ambient concentrations of metals, as a consequence of escalating urbanization and industrialization of the Gulf region will respond in increased contamination of edible fish species. In this study, we report concentrations of chromium, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in meat and liver of wild Red-spot emperor (Lethrinus lentjan) from three sampling points at the UAE coast. Analysis was performed by the ICP-MS/microwave digestion. Our study has shown that meat and liver metal content was significantly higher in areas with higher industrial activity, although metal values did not exceed permitted levels of fish for human consumption.     

新疆维吾尔族慢性胃炎患者HLA-DRB1等位基因与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的研究新疆维吾尔族慢性胃炎患者HLA-DRB1等位基因与幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的关系。方法采用幽门螺杆菌分离培养技术检测33例维吾尔族慢性胃炎患者幽门螺杆菌感染情况,采用PCR-SSP检测HLA-DRB1＊0405、HLA-DRB1＊08、HLA-DRB1＊12等位基因,并与36例汉族慢性胃炎患者进行比较。结果1）新疆维吾尔族慢性胃炎患者Hp阳性率（78.8%）显著高于汉族慢性胃炎患者（58.3%）（P〈0.05）;2）维吾尔族、汉族慢性胃炎患者Hp感染与HLA-DRB1＊0405、HLA-DRB1＊08、HLA-DRB1＊12等位基因无相关性（P〉0.05）。结论1）维吾尔族慢性胃炎患者Hp感染率高于汉族慢性胃炎患者;2）维吾尔族、汉族慢性胃炎患者Hp感染与HLA-DRB1＊0405、HLA-DRB1＊08、HLA-DRB1＊12等位基因无关。     

Synergistic renal protection by combining alkaline-diuresis with lipid peroxidation inhibitors in rhabdomyolysis: possible interaction between oxidant and non-oxidant mechanisms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE.: Heme-proteins, besides causing renal tubular obstruction, maycontribute to rhabdomyolysis-induced renal injury through aheme-iron-mediated lipid peroxidation process. In the presentstudy, we compared the combined therapy of a lipid peroxidationinhibitor, 21-aminosteroid (21-AS) and fluid-alkaline-mannitol(FAM) diuresis with either of them alone to determine the efficacyof the combination therapy and to delineate the roles of lipidperoxidation and cast formation. METHODS AND RESULTS.: Employing Raman spectroscopy, we confirmed in vitro the abilityof 21-AS to inhibit iron-induced fatty acid peroxidation. 21-ASwas then administered to rats developing renal failure fromglycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis. Although 21-AS inhibited rhabdomyolysis-inducedplasma and renal lipid peroxidation, renal protection was incomplete.Administration of FAM to inhibit cast formation afforded a betterrenal protection. However, when these therapies were combinedto inhibit both lipid peroxidation and cast formation, therewas a synergistic renal functional protection. This was accompaniedby a maximum inhibition of renal and plasma lipid peroxidation,as well as, renal tubular necrosis and cast formation. Comparedto combination therapy, FAM therapy alone, despite identicalvolume, was accompanied by a higher tubular necrosis and castformation. CONCLUSIONS.: That combining a lipid peroxidation inhibitor with fluid-alkalinediuresis in rhabdomyolysis further lowers renal lipid peroxidation,tubular necrosis and cast formation and synergistically limitsrenal dysfunction (i) supports a role for lipid peroxidationin the pathophysiology of rhabdomyolysis ARF, (ii) underscoresthe role of intratubular heme retention, a cause for tubularobstruction as well a source for prodigious amount of iron,likely involved in the lipid peroxidation, and (iii) raisesthe possibility of interactions between non-oxidant and oxidantmechanisms.     

Axotomy- and autotomy-induced changes in the excitability of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons

The spontaneous, ectopic activity in sensory nerves that is induced by peripheral nerve injury is thought to contribute to the generation of "neuropathic" pain in humans. To examine the cellular mechanisms that underlie this activity, neurons in rat L(4)-L(5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were first grouped as "large," "medium," or "small" on the basis of their size (input capacitance) and action potential (AP) shape. A fourth group of cells that exhibited a pronounced afterdepolarization (ADP) were defined as AD-cells. Whole cell recording was used to compare the properties of control neurons with those dissociated from rats in which the sciatic nerve had been sectioned ("axotomy" group) and with neurons from rats that exhibited self-mutilatory behavior in response to sciatic nerve section ("autotomy" group). Increases in excitability in all types of DRG neuron were seen within 2-7 wk of axotomy. Resting membrane potential (RMP) and the amplitude and duration of the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that followed the AP were unaffected. Effects of axotomy were greatest in the small, putative nociceptive cells and least in the large cells. Moderate changes were seen in the medium and AD-cells. Compared to control neurons, axotomized neurons exhibited a higher frequency of evoked AP discharge in response to 500-ms depolarizing current injections; i.e., "gain" was increased and accommodation was decreased. The minimum current required to discharge an AP (rheobase) was reduced. There were significant increases in spike width in small cells and significant increases in spike height in small, medium, and AD-cells. The electrophysiological changes promoted by axotomy were intensified in animals that exhibited autotomy; spike height, and spike width were significantly greater than control for all cell types. Under our experimental conditions, spontaneous activity was never encountered in neurons dissociated from animals that exhibited autotomy. Thus changes in the electrical properties of cell bodies alone may not entirely account for injury-induced spontaneous activity in sensory nerves. The onset of autotomy coincided with alterations in the excitability of large, putative nonnociceptive, neurons. Thus large cells from the autotomy group were much more excitable than those from the axotomy group, whereas small cells from the autotomy group were only slightly more excitable. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the onset of autotomy is associated with changes in the properties of myelinated fibers. Changes in Ca2+ and K+ channel conductances that contribute to axotomy- and autotomy-induced changes in excitability are addressed in the accompanying paper.