射频消融术治疗室上性心动过速1 000例的疗效

目的评价射频消融术治疗阵发性室上性心动过速的安全性和有效性. 方法 1*!000 例阵发性室上性心动过速的患者接受射频消融术,术后平均随访25±19月(1～110月). 结果射频消融术治疗室上性心动过速的总成功率为98.9%(989/1 000),其中旁道参与的心动速度590例(598条旁道),阻断588条,成功率98.3%;房室结折返性心动过速410例,慢径消融成功率为99.8%.14例(1.4%)患者出现并发症.随访期间,16例(1.6%)患者复发,再次接受射频消融术均获成功. 结论射频消融术是目前治疗阵发性室上性心动过速最为有效的手段,其成功率高,并发症少,复发率低.     

氨氯地平与尼群地平治疗高血压的多中心平行对照研究

采用多中心、随机、单盲、组间、平行对照的方法对488例原发性高血压患者进行氨氯地平或尼群地平4周治疗观察，显示氨氯地平的降压有效率为90．4％，较尼群地平显著为高。不良反应较少，安全性好。每日只需服药1次，剂量5～10mg，方便病人。     

Relationship between age and effect of early and long-term captopril treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Objective To analyse the relationship between age and treatment with captopril after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods In a randomized trial, 822 patients with a first AMI received conventional medic al treatment, including intravenous thrombolytic therapy and oral aspirin or metoprolol, and then were randomly allocated to captopril ［dosage fr om the first 6.25 mg to 25 mg/t.i.d, 209 younger patients (≤64 years), 269 elderly patients (65-75 years)］ or conventional treatment only (131 younger p atients, 213 elderly). Survival in the four groups was calculated with the Kapl an-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was performed to understand the degree that multi-variables (including age) affect survival in patients taking captopr il in the hospital or during long term follow-up. Results The survival of patients who took captopril correlated significantly with age ( P<0.001). The survival of the elderly patients on captopril treatment did increase (P<0.0001), but not of the younger ones (P>0.05) during hosp italization. During follow-up, the survival of patients who took captopril cor related insignificantly with age (P>0.05), but both the elderly and the you n ger patients have good survival rates (all P<0.01) and lower cardiac events (all P<0.01) when they took captopril.Conclusions Captopril exerts a weak effect on the younger patients but a beneficial effect o n the elderly patients during hospitalization after AMI. However, there is no d ifference between the younger and the elderly in the prognosis, both having good survival and lower cardiac events when they take captopril long term during fol low-up.     

遗传因素对高血压病人群靶器官损害发生的影响

目的探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1R)A／C1166多态性、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAl-1)4G／5G多态性与高血压病人群肾脏损害(RD)和脑梗死(CI)发生的关系。方法以高血压病人群为随机研究对象,采用等位基因特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交法分析AT1R基因型和PAI-1基因型。结果(1)AT1R基因型与肾脏功能显著相关,AC基因型肾脏功能显著差于AA基因型,PM-1基因型与肾脏功能无显著性关系;(2)AT1R基因型与CI发生无显著性关系;CI阳性与CI阴性高血压病人群相比,PAI-1基因型分布有显著性差异,前者4G／4G基因型频率显著高于后者。结论AT1RAC基因型和PM-14G／4G基因型分别为高血压病人群RD和CI的危险因素。     

血管紧张肽转换酶抑制剂对高血压病人心脏和大动脉的影响

目的 :评价血管紧张肽转换酶 (ACE)抑制剂对原发性高血压病人心脏和大动脉结构和功能的影响。方法 :应用二维超声、超声心动图及自动脉搏波传导速度 (PWV)测定仪观察 16例采用ACE抑制剂培哚普利治疗 (4mg ,po ,qd ;4wk后若血压 >18.6 / 12 .0kPa ,加服吲哒帕胺 2 .5mg ,po ,qd)的原发性高血压病人心脏、大动脉结构和功能的改变 ,分别在治疗前和治疗 12wk后进行上述检测。结果 :收缩压、脉压、颈动脉 股动脉PWV、颈总动脉内膜 中层厚度和左室后壁厚度在 12wk培哚普利治疗后显著降低 [分别为 (2 0 .4±s 1.4 )kPavs (18.0± 1.2 )kPa ,(7.5± 1.1)kPavs (6 .9± 1.2 )kPa ,(10 .5± 1.3)m·s- 1vs (8.6± 1.0 )m·s- 1,(0 .71± 0 .14 )mmvs (0 .5 9± 0 .14 )mm ,(10 .5± 1.0 )mmvs (9.8± 1.0 )mm ,P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 ];颈总动脉横断面顺应性、容积扩张性在治疗前后无显著性差异(P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :培哚普利对心血管系统的影响不仅仅是与血压降低有关 ,药物引起动脉平滑肌松驰 ,对全身和局部肾素 血管紧张肽系统的抑制能有效地改善高血压导致的心脏、血管结构和功能的改变。     

淫羊藿注射液的心血管作用及临床应用的初步观察

<正> 淫羊藿又名仙灵脾、三枝九叶草等,为小蘖科淫羊藿属植物,祖国医学传统作为温肾助阳之品。本文报告该药对冠脉流量、实验性急性心肌缺血、血压和肢端血流的药理作用以及临床应用的初步观察结果。所用的制剂为水剂酒滤法自制的淫羊藿注射液,制成10毫升/支,每毫升含生药1.5克,供静脉内给药使用。     

赖诺普利与依那普利对高血压的疗效比较

９２例原发性Ⅰ和Ⅱ期高血压病人采用随机、单盲方法，分２组治疗。一组用赖诺普利，ｐｏ，２０－８０ｍｇ／ｄ，另一组用依那普利，ｐｏ，１０－４０ｍｇ／ｄ，疗程均为４ｗｋ。降压总有效率和降压幅度：赖诺普利是８９％和２．９／２．０ｋＰａ，依那普利是９７％和３．１／２．１ｋＰａ，２药降压均显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），降压疗效相仿（Ｐ＞０．０５）。不良反应发生率是２９％和３４％，其中最多是干咳。结果提示赖诺普利治疗轻、中度高血压有效、安全。     

超声心动图对测定左室喷血分数各种公式的估价

本文报告两维和M型超声心动图的八种数学公式对测定35例正常人和心肌梗塞病人EF值的可靠性比较。结果表明两维超声心动图的六种数学公式,特别是短轴观多断面公式和心尖长轴观双面公式,对正常人和心肌梗塞病人EF的测定均很精确(相关系数r分别为0.96和0.98,P<0.01)。M型超声心动图的二种数学公式,特别是Pombo公式,测定的EF显著偏高。当存在缺血性室壁活动障碍时,其可靠性有限。     

心脏病5656例住院病例的临床分析

本文对1964～1980年间内科住院心脏病5656例,以5～6年为一期,进行了分析比较,发现心脏疾病在内科住院病例中所占比例逐年增加。冠心、心肌炎、心律失常更明显,而风心病逐趋减少,且平均年龄增高。老年心脏病见有明显增多趋势,且冠心病占首位。本文反映了上海地区心脏病的变动情况。认为随着我国老年人口增多,老年心脏病学将是我国临床医学中的一个重要课题。