人工晶体植入术后前膜形成的临床分析

目的探讨白内障超声乳化人工晶体植入术后前膜的发生原因及其预防和治疗.方法对253例339眼白内障行超声乳化人工晶体植入治疗,观察术后人工晶体前膜的形成.结果前膜形成17例22眼,发生率为6.5%.结论人工晶体前膜的发生率及形成时间与白内障种类有关.     

比较0．10％与0．04％聚维酮碘溶液对人眼表的影响

目的 探讨0.10%与0.04%聚维酮碘溶液结膜囊滴用对人眼表的影响.方法 按市售说明稀释成0.10%(A组)和0.04%(B 组)聚维酮碘溶液行内眼术前结膜囊消毒,在裂隙灯显微镜下观察眼表损伤情况,并将结膜囊分泌物涂片行细胞学检查和免疫组织化学检测.结果 术中,A组有28眼见结膜囊内有大量白色黏性分泌物,B组仅6眼有少量黏性分泌物.术后24 h,A组有25眼出现疼痛、畏光、流泪,裂隙灯显微镜下见结膜囊内较多量黏性分泌物,结膜充血,角膜上皮点状或片状剥脱,43眼出现1～3级程度不等的角膜水肿;B组有4眼存在轻微的疼痛、畏光、流泪等刺激症状,6眼出现1级角膜水肿;两组间眼表损伤情况及角膜水肿临床分级的差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05),随访1个月.A组有3眼存在疼痛、畏光等刺激症状,2眼出现一系列干眼综合征的临床表现,B组未见明显的眼表损伤症状;两组术眼眼表损伤情况及角膜水肿临床分级的差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 0.10%聚维酮碘溶液对术眼眼表上皮具有损伤作用.在确保消毒效果的前提下,应尽量使用低质量分数的聚维酮碘溶液.     

白内障超声乳化人工晶体植入术后前膜形成的临床分析

随着后房型人工晶体植入术在我国的广泛开展，防止术后并发症已成为很多眼科学者研究的重要课题。眼内后房型人工晶体表面细胞反应及前膜形成是白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术后一种较常见的并发症，已逐渐引起国内许多眼科学者的重视。现将我院１９９７～１９９８年２５３例３３９眼超声乳化人工晶体植入术后前膜形成１７例２２眼进行分析。１　材料与方法１．１　一般资料　本组白内障病人共２５３例３３９眼，其中老年性１２５例，外伤性４例，先天性３例，由其它病并发１２１例（其中代谢性４２例）；年龄１０～９１岁，平均６２岁，随访…     

上海市江宁街道20岁及以上人群干眼的流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dry eye in populations equal or over 20 years old in Jiangning District, Shanghai, China. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. From September 2008 to January 2009, 6 small districts including 21 102 people of Jiangning District were randomly selected as survey venues by Department of Ophthalmology in First People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University. Then, 1266 people as the selected residents were enrolled, which was figured out through the random cluster sampling procedure. Every participant completed dry eye questionnaire, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and a series of examination including slit-lamp microscope, tear-film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test, and fluorescein staining of the cornea (F1). The diagnosis of dry eye was referred to the well-accepted domestic diagnostic criteria. The SPSS11.0 software was used to analyze the database, t test,χ2 test, one-way-ANOVA and Logistic regression were used for analysis. Results One thousand and eighty five residents finally took part in this study, and the inclusion ratio was 85.70%. Three hundred and twenty six individuals, including 101 men and 225 women, were diagnosed as dry eye, and the prevalence rate was 30.05%. The prevalence of dry eye in the female (33.78%) was higher than that of the male (24.11%) (χ2=11.46, P<0.01). The prevalence of dry eye in people over 50 years old was higher than that under 50 years (χ2=94.50, P<0.01). The figure of Schirmer Ⅰ test and BUT decreased in elder people, at the same time the scores of F1 and MGD increased. Meanwhile, the score of OSDI in dry eye patients was significantly higher than that in non-dry eye individuals. The relative risk factors of dry eye were gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs. Conclusions The prevalence of dry eye in female is higher than that in the male. And the prevalence of dry eye increases following the aging process. Relative risk factors of dry eye are gender, age, wearing contact lens, long-time using of eye solutions, taking anti-allergy drugs.     

穿透性角膜移植术新器械及探讨——附221眼穿透性角膜移植临床分析

过去,由于条件的限制,穿透性角膜移植术缺乏精良的器械,也无法开展显微手术,临床上遇到不少并发症。下表是我们施行221眼穿透性角膜移植术并发症情况: 随着对手术要求的提高,并减少手术并发症,促使我们去研究新的器械和操作方法,在有关单位和自身的努力下,研制出一部分新的角膜移植器械,应用于临床,使手术并发症降低,现将应用情况和体会汇报如下: 一、新的器械与操作: 1.角膜剪:与普通角膜剪相比较(见表二)新的角膜剪具有以下优点:其一,剪刀头部上短下长,在前房消失,虹膜与角膜内壁相贴的情况下,进行白斑修剪     

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变动物模型的改进和评价

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变是导致视网膜脱离手术失败的主要原因,建立动物模型能更好的研究其发病机理,从而进行防治。本文就PVR动物模型的所用动物、模型的建立方法以及评价和分级进行综述。     

轻松摘眼镜,飞秒帮助你

摘掉眼镜,焕发自信 20岁出头的小李最近很烦恼,因为自己常年戴着黑框眼镜,出门总被人叫成"叔叔",让他郁闷不已.他的左眼近视325度、右眼近视200度,虽然度数不深,却影响到了日常生活. 为了甩掉眼镜,小李来到杨浦医院,希望通过手术和眼镜说再见.杨浦医院眼科门诊为小李进行了术前眼表和眼底的全面检查,在确保患者符合手术标准后,医生建议小李考虑全飞秒近视手术.医生向小李讲解了选择原因、手术过程,并指导术前训练配合以及用药,做好自身准备.     

MRL/lpr小鼠干眼模型的实验研究

目的 探讨患有自身免疫疾病的MRL/lpr小鼠作为临床干眼研究动物模型的科学性及实用性。方法8周龄MRL/lpr及BLAB/C雌性小鼠各15只,分为实验组、对照组。分别于8、12、16、20周对各组小鼠行酚红棉线实验检测泪液分泌情况;取各组小鼠泪腺组织行H-E染色分析其淋巴细胞浸润情况;Western印迹法检测泪腺炎症因子TNF-α和IL-1β的蛋白表达情况。结果实验组小鼠于16～20周时泪液分泌量显著少于对照组（P＜0.05）,淋巴细胞浸润情况明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）,泪腺炎症因子TNF-α和IL-1β表达明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论MRL/lpr小鼠是一种稳定、简单实用的干眼研究动物模型,可用于研究干眼炎症的发病机制。     

糖尿病和非糖尿病白内障患者结膜囊菌群及耐药性的比较

目的：研究糖尿病和非糖尿病白内障患者结膜囊的细菌种类及其药物敏感性,指导糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者抗生素滴眼液的应用和术前消毒,降低感染性眼内炎的发生率。

方法：将2013-11/2017-01在本院行白内障超声乳化手术的患者124例124眼按照有无2型糖尿病分为非糖尿病组(87例87眼)和糖尿病组(37例37眼),观察术眼消毒前(T0)、术眼消毒后(T1)、手术结束时(T2)结膜囊的细菌培养结果和细菌药物敏感性检测结果。

结果：糖尿病组患者结膜囊细菌检出率在T0、T1和T2时均明显高于非糖尿病组患者。多数菌株对万古霉素、左氧氟沙星、妥布霉素的敏感性较好,对青霉素、阿奇霉素和四环素的耐药性较强。

结论：糖尿病患者由于眼表微环境的改变,结膜囊细菌检出率明显升高。表皮葡萄球菌和丙酸痤疮杆菌是两种主要的结膜囊检出菌。左氧氟沙星和妥布霉素对结膜囊检出菌的药物敏感性较好,可作为术前常规使用的抗生素滴眼液。