鼻唇沟透明质酸注射填充术:应用钝针与锐针安全性和有效性的比较

目的对比应用钝针与锐针对鼻唇沟行透明质酸注射填充的安全性和有效性。方法自2015年5月至2016年10月,应用透明质酸对60例鼻唇沟凹陷求美者行鼻唇沟注射填充。随机分为两组,每组30例求美者。钝针组应用27 G钝针进行注射,锐针组应用27 G锐针进行注射。观察两组临床效果、维持时间及并发症发生情况。结果本组求美者获随访1～9个月,两组修复效果均较明显,两组总有效率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);局部肿胀发生率钝针组高于锐针组(P0.05);淤青、局部不平整和丁达尔现象的发生率锐针组高于钝针组(P0.05)。结论通过透明质酸注射填充可以安全、有效地修复鼻唇沟凹陷,锐针注射可以对皮肤表面形态进行更精细的雕刻,钝针注射更有利于降低血管栓塞等相关并发症的发生风险。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

海南萝芙木季胺碱——大斯配加春的结构

从海南萝芙木生产“降压灵”的母液中,分得一新的二聚体生物碱,命名为大斯配加春(macrospegatrine)。根据红外、紫外、质谱、氢谱及单晶X—射线衍射确定结构为Ⅰ式(图1)。     

临床护理带教体会

实习是护士由学校走向社会的重要过渡阶段,做好临床带教对提高护士的综合能力,使之发展成为实用型护理人才至关重要.通过临床实习,使其把所学到的理论知识得到进一步巩固和提高,并在临床护理实践中得到应用,从而培养他们独立分析和解决问题的能力.现在将十几年来的带教体会介绍如下.     

脊髓血管畸形血管内皮生长因子在脑脊液的表达

目的探讨脊髓血管畸形是否存在血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达,及其表达与临床特征之间是否存在相关性。方法在手术中留取56例脊髓血管畸形的脑脊液标本,其中动静脉畸形(SCAVM)23例,硬脊膜动静脉瘘(SDAVF)19例,海绵状血管瘤(CM)14例;以我院12例蛛网膜下腔阻滞病人脑脊液作为对照组,分别通过酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)测定脊髓血管畸形脑脊液中VEGF含量。结果SCAVM脑脊液中VEGF浓度为(277±66)pg/ml、SDAVF为(318±54)pg/ml、CM为(146±32)pg/ml均高于正常对照组(123±27)pg/ml。术前栓塞和出血均可导致脑脊液VEGF升高。结论VEGF与脊髓血管畸形的发生、发展存在一定关系,出血和栓塞均可影响VEGF的表达。     

交流示波极谱滴定法在中药方剂白虎汤中硫酸根的测定研究

本文首先提出了示波极谱滴定法在中药方剂白虎中硫酸根的测定，并对测定条件进行了研究。实验表明，在不同的底液，不同的ＰＨ值，对测定终点有一定的影响。以乙二胺－盐酸为底液，ＰＨ＝７．０￣８．０时，加入过量的钡盐，用标准的铬酸钾溶液滴定至化学计量点时，示波极谱图形立即出现切口，结果满意；而当７．０〉ＰＨ〉８．０时，图形变化不灵敏，在醋酸铵体系中，示波极谱图形变化不稳定。     

肱骨远端全骺分离骨折(附12例报告)

肱骨远端全骺分离骨折为儿童肘部损伤中少见损伤,常与肱骨髁上骨折和婴幼儿的肘关节脱位相混淆。本文报告12例,占同期肱骨远端骨骺损伤的7.1%。12例中骨骺内移9例、外科3例。根据X线片和手术发现,属Salter-Harris Ⅰ型8例、Ⅱ型3例、Ⅴ型1例。骨骺碎裂为2块或3块者4例,其中1例兼有压缩。手法复位5例,手法整复失败或陈旧损伤,行切开复位7例。结果6例满意、3例较好,3例肘关节活动受限明显。12例中肘内翻5°～14°者4例,前臂无不稳现象。本文还就病因、损伤机理、诊断和鉴别诊断等问题进行了讨论。     

经单侧椎板开窗夹闭硬脊膜动静脉瘘

目的　总结经单侧椎板开窗入路夹闭硬脊膜动静脉瘘的经验。方法　回顾性分析了 5 6例经脊髓MR和脊髓血管造影确诊的硬脊膜动静脉瘘患者经单侧椎板开窗夹闭瘘口的临床资料。结果　 5 4例患者术后行脊髓血管造影复查 ,显示瘘口全部消失。 38例患者术后 6个月行脊髓MR复查 ,显示脊髓周围的血管流空影完全消失 ,T2 像髓内高信号影消失或明显减少。 5 4例患者获随访 ,随访时间 3～ 36个月 ,2 4例症状完全消失 ,2 7例症状改善 ,3例无变化。结论　经单侧椎板开窗夹闭瘘口的手术方法是硬脊膜动静脉瘘的首选治疗方法。