刺鼠信号蛋白对自体移植皮片中酪氨酸酶的活性影响

目的 检测刺鼠信号蛋白对自体移植皮片中酪氨酸酶的活性影响,进一步认识自体移植皮片过度色素沉着的原因。方法 建立过度色素沉着的自体移植皮片的动物模型；利用免疫组织化学方法分别检测刺鼠信号蛋白作用前后自体移植皮片中酪氨酸酶的表达,并与对照治疗组及正常皮肤相比较。结果 酪氨酸酶的表达定位于表皮基底部黑色素细胞的胞浆,在大部分组织中呈阳性表达,经刺鼠信号蛋白作用后酪氨酸酶在自体移植皮片中的表达明显减少,与在其他各对照组中的表达差异有极显著意义（P＜0.01）。结论 刺鼠信号蛋白在自体移植皮片中能竞争性拮抗α-MSH的黑色素合成,使皮片着色能力降低,从而证明皮片移植后表皮细胞中α-MSH的表达上调是皮片呈过度色素沉着的重要原因。     

The expression of β-adrenoceptors in human pancreatic cancer cell lines and their roles in cell invasiveness

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of β-adrenoceptors on norepi-nephrine-induced invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cell lines. Methods The expression of β-adrenocep-tors mRNA in human pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaCa-2 and BxPC3 was detected by using RT-PCR. The cells were randomly divided into control group.10 mol/L NE intervention group, 1 mol/L propranolol intervention group and NE + propranolol intervention group. After 48 h , transwell invasiveness test was used to examine the changes in invasive ability of MiaPaCa-2. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF mRNA was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The levels of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VECF proteins were assayed by immunocytochemistry. Results Both MiaPaCa-2 and BxPC3 expressed β1-and β2-adrenocep-tors. The absorbance ( A) values of invasive cells in NE, NE + propranolol, propranolol and control groups were 0.78±0.02 ,0.32±0.03 ,0.26±0.01 and 0.28±0.02 , respectively, and those in NE intervention group were significantly higher than in control and NE + propranolol groups ( P <0.05) . There was no sig-nificant difference in the number of invasive cells between propranolol and control groups ( P > 0. 05) . In NE group , the expression index of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VEGF mRNA was 0. 87±0.02 , 1.04±0.02 and 0. 92±0. 01 , and the gray value of the protein expression was 131.20±2.34,105.32±7.21 and 115.60 ±5. 03 , respectively, which were higher than those in control and NE + propranolol groups ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VEGF mRNA and pro-tein between propranolol and control groups ( P>0.05 ) . Conclusion β-adrenoceptors play an important role in the process of norepinephrine-induced invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. NE can promote the invasiveness of MiaPaCa-2 through up-regulating the expression of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and VEGF via β-adre-noceptors.     

红光光动力疗法治疗葡萄酒色斑的实验研究与临床应用

目的研究非相干光红光结合光动力疗法选择性治疗葡萄酒色斑.方法比较不同因素在PDT治疗鸡冠后肉眼形态及鸡冠组织学变化.临床治疗18例颜面皮肤不同类型PWS.结果①给光敏剂后立即照光,鸡冠颜色依次为淡红、紫红、紫灰、灰白,无坏死;②光敏剂进入体内后即刻照光,早期真皮浅表毛细血管内内皮细胞肿胀,红细胞聚集,血管堵塞,血管内血栓形成 ,1周后再生细小血管,表皮存活.给药10分钟后照光基本无效;③光能量密度大、照光距离近、光敏剂剂量大损伤毛细血管层次深;④治疗18例PWS中,斑痣全部消退11例,大部消退5例,大部消退、变薄2例.随访6～36个月,未见复发.结论非相干光红光与PDT结合治疗能够高选择性损伤PWS的畸形毛细血管,特别对紫红型和肥厚型PWS疗效良好.方法简单,效果确实,治疗成本低.     

小儿囊性脊柱裂的外科治疗及术后并发症的防治（附75例临床分析）

小儿囊性脊柱裂的外科治疗及术后并发症的防治（附７５例临床分析）黑龙江省医院神经外科青松文，王宇夫，李军辉，代连图囊性脊柱裂为常见的先天畸形，约占新生儿的０．１％［１～３］。是胚胎期神经管局部发育不良，未能完全闭合所致。由于椎板缺如，椎管内容膨出，故称...     

皮瓣移植技术的发展趋势

皮瓣移植技术作为一种修残补缺的手段，是修复重建和整形外科医师对组织缺损进行修复的主要方法之一。20世纪50年代以前，移植皮瓣的类型主要是带蒂转移的随意型皮瓣；50-60年代，有较多的肌瓣和轴型皮瓣移植术的报道；70年代，随着显微血管吻合技术的开展，出现了吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植术；80年代，有了逆行岛状皮瓣、筋膜皮瓣、真皮下血管网皮瓣、静脉皮瓣和预构皮瓣等移植术的报道；90年代，     

木兰脂素对肾缺血再灌注损伤大鼠P-选择素表达的影响

目的：探讨木兰脂素对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤是否具有保护作用及其可能机制。方法：雄性SD大鼠45只,随机分为假手术组、对照组和治疗组。除假手术组外,各组按再灌注时间又分为4个亚组,每组5只。治疗组和对照组分别在再灌注开始前5min静脉注射木兰脂素2mg/kg和等量生理盐水。再灌注达相应时间点时,从各亚组大鼠取血备测血肌酐（Scr）、血尿素氮（BUN）,肾组织用于观察病理变化以及作免疫组化分析肾组织P-选择素表达情况。结果：对照组BUN、Scr较假手术组明显升高,治疗组BUN、Scr较相应时间点对照组明显降低（P〈0.05）;对照组的肾组织损伤较假手术组明显加重,而治疗组的肾组织损伤较对照组明显减轻;随着时间延长,对照组肾组织P-选择素阳性表达较假手术组显著增多,治疗组肾组织P-选择素阳性表达较对照组明显减少（P〈0.05）。结论：木兰脂素对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

维持性血液透析患者死亡原因的临床分析

目的:探讨维持性血液透析患者主要死亡原因及影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月~2013年12月上海市第六人民医院及上海市第六人民医院南院行维持性血液透析患者资料,剔除透析龄<3月患者,共计380例,死亡患者96例,分析患者的死亡原因及影响因素。结果:96例死亡病例中男62例,女34例,主要死亡原因为:心脑血管疾病48例(50%),感染性疾病18例(18.75%),肿瘤16例(16.67%)。<60岁28例,≥60岁68例,其中糖尿病患者居多。高血磷组(>1.45 mmol/L)患者心血管疾病死亡率明显高于正常血磷组(≤1.45 mmol/L),差异有统计学意义,提示血磷水平越高,心血管死亡风险越大。Logistic回归分析提示白蛋白、尿素氮、肌酐是MHD患者死亡的危险因素。与非心脑血管疾病死亡患者相比,死于心脑血管疾病的患者其透析龄较短,血清肌酐、血红蛋白、白蛋白、三酰甘油、胆固醇均较高。结论:心脑血管疾病是维持性血液透析患者最主要的死亡原因,其次为感染和肿瘤;糖尿病是影响预后的重要原因,控制血磷水平,有助于减少死亡风险。     

老年人复发性尿路感染长疗程治疗疗效观察

目的 设计一种药物轮换、分期、长疗程的治疗方法,以临床治愈为目标,观察该方法对老年复发性尿路感染患者的疗效.方法 将入选患者分为老年组(年龄≥65岁)30例和非老年组48例,选择数种有效抗生素轮换应用.采用分期治疗方法:(1)治疗期:抗生素按常规剂量应用,直至尿常规正常;(2)巩固期:抗生素减量应用;(3)维持期:抗生素减为每晚1次,维持治疗3个月;(4)观察期:停用抗生素,观察半年.上述各分期如尿常规检查有反复,则转为前一期治疗.结果 78例患者中,治愈69例(88.5%),有效7例(8.9%),无效2例(2.6%).老年组分别为28例、1例、1例;非老年组分别为41例、6例、1例,两组治愈率差异无统计学意义(F=0.469,).老年组与非老年组比较,治愈总疗程[(54.8±16.2)周对(44.5±13.7)周,t=2.8467,P＜0.01]、治疗期[(34.3±15.2)周对(26.2±14.8)局,t=2.2081,P＜0.05]、巩固期[(5.7±2.6)周对(4.1±0.2)周,t=3.9369,P＜0.01]均延长;但两组维持期[(14.8±4.6)周对(14.2±3.1)周]比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.6480,P＞0.05).治疗前后两组血常规、肝肾功能均无明显变化.结论 对老年复发性尿路感染患者采用药物轮换、分期、长疗程治疗,治愈率高;但老年组所需治疗时间比非老年组长.未见影响血常规、肝肾功能等不良反应.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of the drugs alternation multiple stages and long term therapy in elderly patients with recurrent urinary tract infection.Methods The patients were divided into elderly group (age≥65 years,n=30) and non-elderly group (n=48).The multiple effective antibiotics were selected for alternate use.The treatment included four periods as follows:(1)Treatment period:the regular dose of antibiotic was maintained until the urine routine test result became normal;(2)Consolidation period:the dosage of antibiotic was reduced;(3)Maintenance period:the dosage of antibiotic was reduced to once every night and the treatment should be kept for three months;(4)Observation period:the patients were observed for six months after withdrawal of antibiotics.During the treatment,if the urine routine test became abnormal repeatedly,the patient should return to the previous treatment period.During the treatment and consolidation period,each medication should be applied for one week alternatively.Results Among 78 patients,69 cases (88.5%) were cured,7 cases (8.9%) were effective,and two cases (2.56%) were invalid.There were 28 cured cases,1 effective case and 1 invalid case in elderly group.The corresponding data were 41,6 and 1 in non-elderly group,respectively.There was no difference in cure rate between the two groups (F= 0.469).Compared with non-elderly group,the overall treatment time [(54.8± 16.2)weeks vs.(44.5± 13.7) weeks,t= 2.8467,P＜0.01],treatment period [( 34.3± 15.2) weeks vs.(26.2±14.8) weeks,t=2.2081,P＜0.05] and consolidation period [(5.7±2.6) weeks vs.(4.1±0.2) weeks,t=3.9369,P＜0.01] were all prolonged in elderly group.But there was no difference in maintenance period [(14.8±4.6) weeks vs.(14.2±3.1) weeks,t=0.6480,P＞0.05].There were no markedly changes in blood routine,liver and kidney function during the course of treatment.Conclusions For the elderly patients with recurrent urinary tract infection,the drugs alternation,multiple stages and long-term treatment has a high cure rate and no adverse effect on blood routine,liver and renal function.     

Fas、FasL在婴幼儿血管瘤内皮细胞的表达

目的:检测培养的婴幼儿血管瘤内皮细胞Fas和Fas Ligand(FasL)的表达量.方法:采用组织块结合酶消化法培养婴幼儿血管瘤内皮细胞,细胞培养成功后,分别运用流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)和荧光定量聚合酶链反应(fluores-cent quantitative polymerase chain reaction,FQ-PCR)2△△CT法检测培养的血管瘤内皮细胞Fas、FasL和Fas、FasL mRNA表达量,并分别与阳性对照人Jurkat细胞和阴性对照人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cell,HUVEC)进行比较.结果:FCM检测培养的血管瘤内皮细胞Fas表达率为(90.97±2.36)%,阳性对照Jurkat细胞Fas表达率为(93.87±7.60)%,两者相比无显著差异(P>0.05),但高于阴性对照HUVEC(25.07±7.60)%;FQ-PCR结果显示,血管瘤内皮细胞Fas mRNA的表达量为(1.26±0.72),与阳性对照Jurkat细胞的表达量(1.448±0.059)比值为0.87,差异无显著性(P>0.05),与阴性对照HUVEC的表达量(0.354±0.170)之比为3.56,差异具显著性(P<0.01).FCM和FQ-PCR检测FasL和FasL mRNA在血管瘤内皮细胞、Jurkat细胞和HUVEC表达量均很低,没有生物学意义.结论:Fas在婴幼儿血管瘤内皮细胞呈高度表达,而FasL的表达量很低.血管瘤内皮细胞凋亡和Fas高表达相关.