p38MAPK信号转导通路在七氟烷后处理减轻乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤中的作用

目的 评价p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)信号转导通路在七氟烷后处理减轻乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤中的作用.方法 健康新生SD大鼠,日龄1～3 d,处死后取心室肌组织,培养心肌细胞,随机分为7组:对照组(C组)于CO2培养箱中持续培养3 h;缺氧复氧组(AR组)细胞缺氧2 h,复氧1 h;七氟烷后处理组(SP组)细胞缺氧2 h,复氧开始即刻更换为3%七氟烷饱和的DMEM培养液,孵育20 min,再更换为无血清DMEM培养液,继续复氧40 min;七氟烷后处理+SB203580组(SP+SB组)于七氟烷后处理同时加入SB203580(p38MAPK特异性抑制剂)至5 μmol/L,孵育20 min;七氟烷后处理+二甲亚砜组(SP+DMSO组)于七氟烷后处理同时加入0.1%DMSO,孵育20 min;SB203580组(SB组)于复氧开始时加入SB203580至5 μmol/L,孵育20 min;二甲亚砜组(DMSO组)于复氧开始即刻加入0.1%DMSO,孵育20 min.各组细胞分别接种于24孔培养板(1 ml/孔)、35 mm培养皿(5 mlnd/皿)和50 ml培养瓶(8 ml/瓶)中,每组12孔、6皿和6瓶.于复氧结束后,采用比色法测定细胞培养液乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性;采用台盼蓝排斥实验测定细胞存活率;采用流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率;采用Western blot法测定磷酸化p38MAPK(p-p38MAPK)表达水平.结果 与C组比较,其余各组LDH活性升高,细胞存活率降低,细胞凋亡率升高,AR组、SP组、SP+SB组、SP+DMSO组和DMSO组p-p38MAPK表达上调(P<0.05);与AR组比较,SP组、SP+SB组和SP+DMSO组LDH活性降低,细胞存活率升高,细胞凋亡率降低,p-p38MAPK表达上调(P<0.05);与SP组比较,SP+SB组、SB组和DMSO组LDH活性升高,细胞存活率降低,细胞凋亡率升高,p-p38MAPK表达下调(P<0.05).结论 七氟烷后处理可通过激活p38MAPK信号转导通路减轻乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤.     

p38MAPK信号转导通路在七氟烷后处理减轻乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤中的作用

Objective To evalnate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signal pathway in the protective effect of sevoflurane postconditioning (S-Postcon) on cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes against anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury. Methods Primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into 7 groups: group Ⅰ normal control (C); group Ⅱ A/R; group Ⅲ S-Poatcan + A/R; group ⅣS-Postcon + SB203580 + A/R; group Ⅴ S-Postcon + DMSO + A/R; group Ⅵ SB203580 + A/R and group Ⅶ DMSO + A/R. GroupⅡ-Ⅶ were exposed to 2 h anoxia (95% N2-5% CO2) followed by 1 h reoxygenation. In group Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ the cultured myocytes were postconditioned with 20 min 3% sevoflurane in 97% O2 alone (in group Ⅲ) or in conjunction with 5 μmol/L 5B203580 (a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor) (in group Ⅳ) or 0.1% DMSO (in group Ⅴ) followed by 40 min reoxygenation. The cardiomyocytes were reoxygenated in the presence of 5 μmol/L SB203580 in group Ⅵ or 0.1% DMSO in group Ⅶ. The LDH activity, cell survival rate and apoptotic rate were measured at the end of the experiment. The levels of phosphor-p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) was detected by Western blotting. Results S-Postcon reduced LDH activity and apoptotic rate and increased cell survival rate and the level of p-p38MAPK as compared with group A/R (group Ⅱ). The myocardial protecfive effect of S-Posteon was eliminated by p38MAPK inhibltor-SB203580 and p-p38MAPK level was also decreased at the same time.Conclusion Sevoflurane postconditioning can attenuate anoxia/reoxygenation induced cardiomyocyte injury through activation of p38MAPK signal pathway.     

小胶质细胞与脓毒症脑病的研究进展 #br#

脓毒症脑病（SAE）以脑功能障碍为主要特征，是脓毒症患者的常见并发症，严重影响预后和生存质量。近 期研究发现，小胶质细胞作为中枢神经系统内的免疫细胞，在脓毒症条件下可发生炎性改变，促进中枢炎症反应和 SAE的发展。以小胶质细胞作为靶点可能为治疗 SAE提供新的思路和方向。本文简述小胶质细胞的特性及其与 SAE的关系，分析小胶质细胞活化对中枢神经系统的影响，探讨调节小胶质细胞的信号通路，并对其未来临床应用进 行了展望。     

mTOR-自噬通路对脓毒症小鼠海马小胶质细胞表型的影响

目的 探讨哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）-自噬通路对脓毒症小鼠海马小胶质细胞表型的影响。方法 54 只雄性 ICR 小鼠,按照随机数字表法分为 3 组（n=18）：假手术组（Sham 组）、脓毒症组（CLP 组）和脓毒症+mTOR抑制剂雷帕霉素组（CLP+Ra组）。Sham组只进行开腹手术操作;CLP组采用盲肠结扎穿孔术制备脓毒症小鼠模型;CLP+Ra 组于造模前 6 h腹腔注射雷帕霉素（1.5 mg/kg）。于造模后 24 h各组取 6只,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测海马组织肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-10和转化生长因子（TGF）-β水平;采用免疫荧光染色法检测海马组织切片离子钙接头蛋白分子（Iba）-1/CD86和 Iba-1/CD206阳性细胞数量;采用蛋白免疫印迹法测定海马组织 mTOR磷酸化（p-mTOR）水平、自噬相关蛋白微管相关蛋白 1轻链 3Ⅱ（LC3Ⅱ）和 Beclin-1表达情况。结果 与 Sham组比较,CLP组 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-10和 TGF-β水平升高,Iba-1/CD86和 Iba-1/CD206阳性细胞数量增加,p-mTOR水平上调,LC3Ⅱ和 Beclin-1表达下调（均 P＜0.05）。与 CLP组比较,CLP+Ra组 TNF-α和 IL-1β水平降低,IL-10和 TGF-β水平升高,Iba-1/CD86阳性细胞数量减少,Iba-1/CD206阳性细胞数量增加,p-mTOR水平下调,LC3Ⅱ和 Beclin-1表达上调（均 P＜0.05）。结论 mTOR-自噬通路通过调节小胶质细胞表型转化,影响脓毒症小鼠海马炎症反应。