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目的 对供者肝脏等器官的联合获取、修整和保存方法进行研究。方法 采用原位腹主动脉和门静脉插管、低温灌注，快速多器官联合获取、低温保存技术及体外修整获得可供移植的肝移植物。结果 获取122例供者的移植物，平均热缺血时间为4min30s，平均获取时间为20min，平均冷缺血时间为10h。均采用4℃的HCA液(高渗枸橼酸盐腺嘌呤溶液)和UW液灌注和保存。118例修整成适用于临床用的肝的移植物，76例供肝在移植前留取了病理活检标本，病理检查提示供肝结构正常。移植术后，无原发性肝无功能发生。结论 该方法适合于供者肝脏等器官的快速联合获取、修整和保存。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后钛夹在腹腔内异位的观察

目的　观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LaparoscopicCholecystectomy ,L .C)后钛夹在腹腔内异位。方法　前瞻性对2 0 0 2年 1～ 5月间 6 0例L .C病人进行追踪观察临床表现 ,采用B超、腹部X线检查等方法 ,观察钛夹位置的变化与肝外胆管的关系。结果　 6 0例L .C后病人中 5例钛夹发生位置改变。结论　①钛夹在体内 ,对胆道无压迫、无胆漏 ;②观察钛夹异位 ,以采用B超为最简单、经济的方法。     

汉族男子体格及生殖器发育特点

2411例汉族男性大学生体格和生殖器的测量结果如下:阴茎周径8.17±0.64cm,阴茎长度7.43±1.04cm,阴茎牵长13.33±1.19cm,右睾丸容积17.91±4.09ml,左睾丸容积17.83±4.05ml,身高171.07±5.66cm,体重58.43±7.75kg.北方学生体格和生殖器发育均优于南方.城、县、乡学生的生殖器发育无明显差异,但城市学生体格发育优于农村.16岁后阴茎、睾丸大小变化不大,但生殖器的发育可持续到30岁.     

荧光定量PCR技术在检测HCV—RNA中的应用

目的 评价荧光定量ＰＣＲ技术测定ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ水平的价值,探讨ＰＢＭＣ中检出ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的意义。方法 采用荧光定量ＫＲ及ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术同时检测８７例血液透析患者的血清和淋巴细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ。结果血清、淋巴细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的荧光定量ＰＣＲ检出率（４９．４％、６９．０％）,分别高于相应标本中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ阳性率（３３．３％、３５．６％）（Ｐ ＜０．０５）。血清、淋巴细胞中同时检出ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的一致率,荧光定量ＰＣＲ法（３１．０％）显著高于ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ定性法（６．９％）（Ｐ＜０．００１）． 荧光定量ＰＣＲ法,淋巴细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ检出率高于血清（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论 与 ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ相比,荧光定量ＰＣＲ技术检测 ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ敏感性较高,对ＰＢＭＣ内ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ检测有利于提高ＨＣＶ检测的阳性率。     

EPDS在产后抑郁筛查中应用

本研究共纳入１６７例在北医大一院产科病房住院分娩的产妇，所有产妇均评定了Ｅｄｉｎｂｕｒｇｈ产后抑郁量表（ＥＰＤＳ）。对部分产妇同时评定了Ｚｕｎｇ氏抑郁量表和Ｈａｍｉｔｌｏｎ抑郁量表。结果表明ＥＰＤＳ之灵敏度、特异性及总效率均令人满意。与Ｚｕｎｇ氏量表相比，ＥＰＤＳ的效度更高，是比较理想的产后抑郁筛查工具。     

Economic evaluation of pharmaceuticals: a European perspective

In recent years there has been a large increase in the number of economic evaluations of pharmaceuticals. Many of these studies have been commissioned by individual pharmaceutical companies, in support of new or existing products. In 2 countries, Australia and Canada (in the province of Ontario), draft guidelines issued by the government have outlined the requirements for economic evaluations to be submitted in support of requests for reimbursement (government subsidy) of particular products. One consequence of the guidelines is that they clarify what is required, and in specifying the procedure for submission of dossiers, identify a clear audience for the economic evaluation. In contrast, the situation in Europe is diverse. A wide range of healthcare systems exist, including national health services and more liberal systems, involving a wide range of insurers and providers. European countries also differ widely in their approach to the pricing and reimbursement of pharmaceuticals. Because of this diversity, the nature, conduct and impact of economic evaluation in Europe is not clear. It is therefore difficult for pharmaceutical companies to develop appropriate strategies for economic evaluation and for analysts to decide on appropriate study methodology. This article reviews the nature of any official guidance or requirements for economic evaluation, the potential for use of economic evaluation, the range of studies carried out and the identifiable impacts. There is currently no official guidance in any country, although some countries are considering issuing guidelines. In some countries there is official encouragement to pharmaceutical companies to undertake studies, and where economic data have been presented they have been considered by the relevant committees. The potential uses of economic evaluation vary widely from country to country. These can be classified in terms of a potential role in undertaking national price negotiations, deciding on reimbursement status or copayment level, deciding on inclusion in local formularies or in treatment guidelines, or in improving prescribing decisions. Approximately 80 economic evaluations of pharmaceutical products have been conducted to date in Europe, covering a wide range of clinical areas. There are relatively few examples of identifiable effects of such studies. In part this is because it is often difficult to assess the part played by various items of data. Nevertheless, the overriding conclusion is that economic evaluation of medicines is likely to be more relevant in Europe in the future. The problem for the pharmaceutical industry is in determining when and how.     

Masseteric silent period in healthy young adults

The length of the silent period (SP) has been subject of extensive researches and its use has been established for the diagnosis of dysfunctional individuals. Because of its great variability we should be cautious about its assessment. This study is aimed to find the normal values taken in symptomless subjects using a commercial/medical recording system, designed for clinical use. Thirty-six readings of the SP have been taken causing a chin tap. The assessment of the motor dysfunction and the subsequent depressed activity gave the result of 32.37 ms (SD = 19.47, ranged from 15 to 110). This is slightly more extended than the results described by the majority of the Authors.