全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3495篇 |
免费 | 119篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 41篇 |
儿科学 | 40篇 |
妇产科学 | 65篇 |
基础医学 | 518篇 |
口腔科学 | 32篇 |
临床医学 | 427篇 |
内科学 | 775篇 |
皮肤病学 | 31篇 |
神经病学 | 306篇 |
特种医学 | 148篇 |
外科学 | 493篇 |
综合类 | 4篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 198篇 |
眼科学 | 32篇 |
药学 | 311篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 200篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 29篇 |
2021年 | 96篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 58篇 |
2018年 | 83篇 |
2017年 | 59篇 |
2016年 | 46篇 |
2015年 | 75篇 |
2014年 | 80篇 |
2013年 | 130篇 |
2012年 | 269篇 |
2011年 | 269篇 |
2010年 | 138篇 |
2009年 | 134篇 |
2008年 | 252篇 |
2007年 | 260篇 |
2006年 | 282篇 |
2005年 | 259篇 |
2004年 | 250篇 |
2003年 | 208篇 |
2002年 | 217篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 47篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 24篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3628条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Anne Pavy-Le Traon Richard L Hughson Claire Thalamas Monique Galitsky Nelly Fabre Olivier Rascol Jean-Michel Senard 《Movement disorders》2006,21(12):2122-2126
Patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) present large changes in blood pressure (BP) due to autonomic disturbances. We analyzed how this change may influence dynamic cerebral autoregulation (DCA). Simultaneous recordings of arterial BP (Finapres) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity (BFV) (transcranial Doppler) were performed in 10 patients with MSA (61 +/- 12 yr of age) and 12 healthy volunteers (61 +/- 11 yr of age): cerebral BFV response to oscillations in mean BP was studied in the supine position by cross-spectral analysis of mean BP and mean MCA BFV. The DCA was also studied during the decrease in BP the first seconds when standing up from a sitting position by the assessment of the cerebrovascular resistance index (CR; mean BP/mean MCA BFV ratio). The MCA BFV/BP cross-spectral analysis showed a phase for the mid-frequency band (0.07-0.2 Hz) significantly larger in MSA, suggesting more active autoregulation in response to larger changes in BP. Changes in CR reflecting the rate of autoregulation, when standing did not differ between the two groups. These data suggest that dynamic cerebral autoregulation is preserved in MSA. 相似文献
2.
Qin Lu Jean-Michel Constantin Ania Nieszkowska Marilia Elman Silvia Vieira Jean-Jacques Rouby 《Critical care (London, England)》2006,10(3):R95-10
Introduction
Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)-induced lung derecruitment can be assessed by a pressure–volume (P–V) curve method or by lung computed tomography (CT). However, only the first method can be used at the bedside. The aim of the study was to compare both methods for assessing alveolar derecruitment after the removal of PEEP in patients with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. 相似文献3.
Jean-Michel Halimi Inass Laouad Matthias Buchler Azmi Al-Najjar Valérie Chatelet Tarik Sqalli Houssaini Hubert Nivet Yvon Lebranchu 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(9):2281-2288
Proteinuria 1 year after transplantation is associated with poor renal outcome. It is unclear whether low-grade (<1 g/24 h) proteinuria earlier after transplantation and its short-term change affect long-term graft survival. The effects of proteinuria and its change on long-term graft survival were retrospectively assessed in 484 renal transplant recipients. One- and 3-month proteinuria correlated with donor age, donor cardiovascular death, prolonged cold and warm ischemia times and acute rejection. One- and 3-month proteinuria (per 0.1 g/24 h, hazard ratio (HR): 1.07 and 1.15, p<0.0001)-especially low-grade proteinuria (HR: 1.20 and 1.26, p<0.0001)-were powerful, independent predictors of graft loss. Its short-term reduction correlated with arterial pressure (AP) (the lower the 3-month diastolic and 12-month systolic AP, the lower the risk of increasing proteinuria during 1-3 months and 3-12 months periods, respectively: Odds ratio (OR) per 10 MmHg: 0.78, p=0.01 and 0.85, respectively, p=0.02), and was associated with decreased long-term graft loss (per 0.1 g/24 h: HR: 0.88 and 0.98, respectively, p<0.0001), independently of initial proteinuria. Early low-grade proteinuria due to pre-transplant renal lesions, ischemia-reperfusion and immunologic injuries is a potent predictor of graft loss. Short-term reduction in proteinuria is associated with improved long-term graft survival. 相似文献
4.
Dhawan Subhash; Puri Raj K.; Kumar Ashok; Duplan Helen; Masson Jean-Michel; Aggarwal Bharat B. 《Blood》1997,90(4):1535-1544
5.
Emmanuel Ellie Anne Vital Andreas Steck Jean-Michel Boiron Claude Vital Jean Julien 《Journal of neurology》1996,243(1):34-43
We studied 33 patients presenting with a peripheral neuropathy associated with non-malignant anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) IgM monoclonal gammopathy (MG) in an attempt to delineate their clinical, immunological, electrophysiological and pathological characteristics; we also reviewed our experience concerning long-term follow-up and therapy. Peripheral neuropathy associated with non-malignant anti-MAG IgM MG was observed mostly in males (sex ratio 7.2), and mean age at onset was 67 years (range 46–81). A predominantly sensory pattern was noted in more than 80% of cases, although some patients were affected by a predominantly motor peripheral neuropathy. Although disease progression was slow in most cases, 45% of patients suffered severe disability, and in 2 cases, the patient's death appeared to stem directly from the neuropathy. The electrophysiological findings were indicative of a demyelinating process in 90% of cases, and electron microscopic examination of nerve biopsy specimens demonstrated widening of the myelin lamellae in more than 95% of cases. Most of our patients showed a disappointing response to steroids and chemotherapy or plasma exchanges. Intravenous immune globulin, evaluated in 17 patients, had a transient, mostly subjective effect in 35% and led to a clear-cut improvement in 24% of cases. We did not observe any correlation between the severity of the clinical picture and the anti-sulphoglucuronyl paragloboside antibody titre; in individual cases, clinical improvement occurred without lowering of IgM levels. Although the severity and the rate of progression may greatly vary from patient to patient, the combination of clinical, electrophysiological and pathological features delineates a characteristic pattern in peripheral neuropathy associated with non-malignant anti-MAG IgM MG. 相似文献
6.
Cardiac MIBG scintigraphy is a sensitive tool for detecting cardiac sympathetic denervation in Parkinson's disease. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Frédéric Courbon Christine Brefel-Courbon Claire Thalamas Marie-Jeanne Alibelli Isabelle Berry Jean-Louis Montastruc Olivier Rascol Jean-Michel Senard 《Movement disorders》2003,18(8):890-897
[(123)I]Metaiodobenzylguanidine ([(123)I]MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy could be helpful to differentiate Parkinson's disease (PD) from multiple system atrophy (MSA), demonstrating that, in PD with autonomic failure but not in MSA, there is a myocardial postganglionic sympathetic dysfunction. To investigate whether this method is more sensitive than standard autonomic testing to detect early involvement of sympathetic cardiac efferent, we analyse MIBG myocardial uptake in 8 PD patients with normal autonomic testing (nondysautonomia PD group, NDPD) in comparison with 10 PD patients with abnormal autonomic testing (dysautonomia PD group, DPD) and 10 MSA patients. Global MIBG uptake was assessed using the ratio of [(123)I]MIBG uptake in the heart to the upper mediastinum (H/M) on planar scintigraphic data. Regional MIBG uptake was determined on two single photon emission tomography scans in regions of the left ventricle. The mean H/M ratios were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.0001). H/M ratios of both NDPD and DPD patients groups (H/M = 1.83 +/- 0.50 and 1.24 +/- 0.40, respectively) were significantly lower than in MSA patients (H/M = 2.52 +/- 0.60). However, in NDPD patients, H/M was significantly higher than in DPD patients. When compared to MSA patients, NDPD patients showed a regional reduction in MIBG uptake in all left ventricle regions markedly in the apex and the inferior wall. Our results suggest that MIBG myocardial scintigraphy (analysis of both H/M ratio and regional MIBG uptake) may be more sensitive than standard autonomic testing for the early detection of silent autonomic dysfunction in PD. 相似文献
7.
Sandrine Cappellesso Jean-Fran?ois Valentin Bruno Giraudeau Marie-Denise Boulanger Azmi Al-Najjar Mathias Büchler Jean-Michel Halimi Hubert Nivet Pierre Bardos Yvon Lebranchu Hervé Watier 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(2):439-443
BACKGROUND: Genetic factors other than HLA have been reported to be associated with the outcome of organ transplantations. Because binding of FasL to its receptor Fas could play an important role in tubulitis and in the death of graft tubular epithelial cells during kidney allograft rejection, a gene polymorphism recently identified in position -671 in the promoter of the TNFRSF6 gene coding for Fas was investigated in donors. METHODS: A case-control study was performed within a cohort of non-hyperimmunized adult patients who had received cadaveric kidney transplants based on the occurrence or absence of acute cellular rejection in the first 6 months after renal transplantation. Each recipient from the acute rejection group (n = 35) was matched for age (+/- 5 years) and number of HLA-DR mismatches with two recipients within the non-acute rejection group (n = 70). RESULTS: The TNFRSF6-GG genotype was more frequent in donors in the group without rejection episodes. In contrast, patients who received a kidney from a TNFRSF6-A carrier were more likely to experience acute rejection episodes (relative risk nearly 2.1). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that donor TNFRSF6 polymorphism directly or indirectly influences acute kidney rejection episodes. 相似文献
8.
Blinded, Externally Controlled Multicenter Evaluation of Light Microscopy and PCR for Detection of Microsporidia in Stool Specimens 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Heinz Rinder Klaus Janitschke Horst Aspck Alexandre J. Da Silva Peter Deplazes Daniel P. Fedorko Caspar Franzen Ursula Futh Frank Hünger Anselm Lehmacher Christian G. Meyer Jean-Michel Molina Jrg Sandfort Rainer Weber Thomas Lscher the Diagnostic Multicenter Study Group on Microsporidia 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1998,36(6):1814-1818
The quality parameters for the detection of microsporidia in identical sets of 50 stool samples were determined for six laboratories where technicians used light microscopy and for six laboratories where technicians used PCR. The average overall sensitivities were 67% (89% for patient samples only) for the PCR laboratories and 54% (80% for patient samples only) for the light microscopy laboratories. Specificities were 98 and 95%, respectively. Differences in results were most apparent between the individual laboratories rather than between the two major methods used. 相似文献
9.
Youssef N Carbonell N Bonte H Serfaty L Poupon R Fléjou JF 《Annales de pathologie》2004,24(3):256-258
Dieulafoy's ulcer is a particular form of gastric ulcer confined to a persistent caliber artery and may lead to severe hemorrhage. We report a case of fatal gastric bleeding in a woman with benign biclonal gammapathy. Autopsy found a typical Dieulafoy's ulcer centered by a persistent caliber artery which wall was thickened by AL-amyloid deposits. Amyloidosis involved the gastric wall, but also middle caliber arteries of the liver, the lung, the pancreas, the kidney and the myocardium. AL-amyloidosis is a rare and late complication of monoclonal gammapathy and may be asymptomatic. Pathogenesis of Dieulafoy's ulcer remains unclear. In our case, local ischemia may have facilitated gastric ulceration, and amyloid deposits may have contributed to arterial rupture. 相似文献
10.
Pierre-Andr Bcherel Liliane Le Goff Sandra Ktorza Fateh Ouaaz Jean-Michel Mencia-Huerta Bernard Dugas Patrice Debr M. Djavad Mossalayi Michel Arock 《European journal of immunology》1995,25(10):2992-2995
Human keratinocytes (HK) generate nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory mediators following activation with either IgE/anti-IgE immune complexes or a combination of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Recently, interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been shown to down-regulate various inflammatory responses and to be secreted by lymphocytes and dendritic cells during skin inflammatory reactions. We show here that IL-10 down-regulates the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 by activated HK. Also, induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in HK by IgE/anti-IgE or LPS/IFN-γ is significantly reduced by the addition of IL-10. This effect is dose dependent and correlates with reduction of iNOS mRNA production and enzyme level. Therefore, IL-10 down-regulates NO-mediated HK inflammatory responses and may thus participate in the regulation of the skin immune network. 相似文献