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Kuo-yi Jade Chang MHealthEc MHM BSc Lisa Lorraine Dillon MSpecEd BPsych Lil Deverell COMS PhD MEd GradDipO&M BEd Mei Ying Boon PhD BOptom FAAO Lisa Keay PhD MPH BOptom 《Clinical & experimental optometry》2020,103(4):434-448
Despite orientation and mobility (O&M) being a significant factor determining quality of life of people with low vision or blindness, there are no gold standard measures or agreement on how to measure O&M performance. In the first part of this systematic review, an inventory of O&M outcome measures used by recent studies to assess the performance of orientation and/or mobility of adults with vision impairment (low vision and blindness) is presented. A wide variety of O&M outcome measures have been implemented in different fields of study, such as epidemiologic research and interventional studies evaluating training, assistive technology, vision rehabilitation and vision restoration. The most frequent aspect of outcome measures is efficiency such as time, distance, speed and percentage of preferred walking speed, followed by obstacle contacts and avoidance, and dis/orientation and veering. Other less commonly used aspects are target identification, safety and social interaction and self-reported outcome measures. Some studies employ sophisticated equipment to capture and analyse O&M performance in a laboratory setting, while others carry out their assessment in real-world indoor or outdoor environments. In the second part of this review, the appropriateness of implementing the identified outcome measures to assess O&M performance in clinical and functional O&M practice is evaluated. Nearly a half of these outcome measures meet all four criteria of face validity (either clinical or functional), responsiveness, reliability and feasibility and have the potential to be implemented in clinical or functional O&M practice. The findings of this review confirm the complicated and dynamic nature of O&M. Multiple measures are required in any evaluation of O&M performance to facilitate holistic assessment of O&M abilities and limitations of each individual. 相似文献
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PNPLA3 gene polymorphism and response to lifestyle modification in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 下载免费PDF全文
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目的:分析鼻塞式同步间歇正压通气(NIPPV)联合布地奈德雾化治疗ARDS(新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征)疾病的临床应用效果。方法:纳入病例是2017年5月—2019年11月收治的104例ARDS新生儿,随机平均分为两组。参照组52例采纳CPAP(持续气道正压通气通气)治疗,实验组52例采纳NIPPV+布地奈德雾化治疗,对比两组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间、血气指标以及并发症发生情况。结果:实验组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间均明显短于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组治疗3 d后PaCO2明显低于参照组,实验组治疗3 d后PH以及PaO2明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组并发症发生率(3.85%,2/52)明显低于参照组(21.15%,11/52),差异有统计学意义P<0.05。结论:NIPPV+布地奈德雾化可有效缩短ARDS患者机械通气时间,改善血气指标,降低并发症发生率,值得借鉴。 相似文献
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Peffault de Latour Rgis Huynh Lynn Ivanova Jasmina I. Totev Todor Bilginsoy Mehmet Antin Joseph Roy Anuja Duh Mei Sheng 《Annals of hematology》2020,99(4):743-752
Annals of Hematology - This study assessed treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) of patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) with insufficient response to immunosuppressive... 相似文献
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目的 观察互动式歌唱表演对轻中度阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者抑郁、精神行为症状及运动训练参与率的影响。方法 选取符合入组条件≥60周岁AD患者63例,随机分为研究组(31例)和对照组(32例)。所有受试患者常规药物治疗及常规运动训练,对照组接受被动性音乐治疗,研究组接受以互动歌唱为主的主动性音乐治疗,1次/d,每次1小时,每周训练5天,持续干预6个月。于治疗前、治疗1个月后、治疗3个月后、治疗6个月后分别采用康奈尔痴呆抑郁量表(CSDD)评分、阿尔茨海默病病理行为(BEHAVE AD)评分、参与率进行评估。结果 治疗1个月、3个月后,研究组CSDD评分较治疗前均降低(P<0.05);治疗6个月后,研究组患者CSDD评分较治疗前、治疗1个月、3个月后均显著降低(P<0.05),且与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1个月、3个月后,研究组BEHAVE AD评分较治疗前均降低(P<0.05);治疗6个月后,研究组患者BEHAVE AD评分较治疗前、治疗1个月、3个月后均显著降低(P<0.05),且与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗6个月后,两组运动训练参与率组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 互动式歌唱表演可能对改善轻中度AD患者的抑郁和精神行为症状有着积极的疗效,同时对提高受试者运动训练的参与率可能有着更积极的疗效。 相似文献
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This meta-analysis examined whether early decompressive craniectomy (DC) can improve control of intracranial pressure (ICP) and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until May 14, 2015, using the following terms: traumatic brain injury, refractory intracranial hypertension, high intracranial pressure, craniectomy, standard care, and medical management. Randomized controlled trials in which patients with TBI received DC and non-DC medical treatments were included.Of the 84 articles identified, 8 studies were selected for review, with 3 randomized controlled trials s having a total of 256 patients (123 DCs, 133 non-DCs) included in the meta-analysis. Patients receiving DC had a significantly greater reduction of ICP and shorter hospital stay. They also seemed to have lower odds of death than patients receiving only medical management, but the P value did not reach significance (pooled odds ratio 0.531, 95% confidence interval 0.209–1.350, Z = 1.95, P = 0.183) with respect to the effect on overall mortality; a separate analysis of 3 retrospective studies yielded a similar result.Whereas DC might effectively reduce ICP and shorten hospital stay in patients with TBI, its effect in decreasing mortality has not reached statistical significance. 相似文献