通辽市水污染状况评价

目的:了解通辽市水污染状况.方法:应用GB3838-2002地表水环境质量检验标准,对通辽市地表、地下水1987-2003年污染监测结果进行评价.结果:地下水体中主要物质如铁、锰、氨氮等超标.结论:通辽市地表水污染导致地下水污染,对通辽市人民健康有较大危害.     

磁共振胰胆管成像技术的临床应用

目的　探讨磁共振胰胆管成像（Ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃ　ｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅ　ｃｈｏｌａｎｇｉｏｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＭＲＣＰ）技术的优势及临床意义。方 法３４例疑有胆道梗阻的患者,在常规ＭＲＩ扫描后,再以ＭＲＣＰ术行快速自旋回波重Ｔ２ＷＩ序列扫描,图像采用最大 强度投影法（ＭＩＰ）重建。结果２９例阳性患者清晰地显示了梗阻的部位、形态及肝内胆管扩张情况。结论　采用ＭＲＣＰ 技术,可以在不注入造影剂的情况下,取得类似内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）和经皮肝穿胆道造影的造影效果。它对 胆道梗阻有很高的敏感性和特异性。最大优势是无创伤性、无并发症。对年高、体弱及胆肠吻合术后ＥＲＣＰ插管困难者 尤为适宜,有望取代部分创伤性胆道造影技术。     

药用蜈蚣源流考

通过对蜈蚣物名沿革、药用种类及主要产地的本草考证，结合药源调查、对口药材鉴定，确认古籍收载的“赤头赤（黄）足”蜈蚣即《中国药典》收载的少棘蜈蚣，“双须岐尾”蜈蚣为多棘蜈蚣，“黑头赤足”蜈蚣为近年研定确定的墨江蜈蚣及黑头蜈蚣，后３种为地方习用品。     

高等职业学校护理专业中医教学现状调查

目的了解高等职业学校护理专业中医教学的现状.方法对省内外具有代表性的医学职业学校进行问卷调查,了解其护理专业中医课程设置情况及教学情况.同时,对职业大专毕业生进行问卷调查,了解其在临床护理工作中中医知识的运用情况.选择具有代表性的各级医院,对其管理人员及临床医生进行问卷调查,了解其在临床护理工作中中医知识的运用情况及对中医教学的建议.结果在护理实践中多数护士需要运用中医知识护理患者,但临床护士的中医知识贫乏,尤其是对中医护理的操作技能和中药方剂知识了解甚少,影响临床运用.学校的中医教学由于教学时数偏少等多种原因,无法安排充足的实践教学时间,有的操作只能看录像,学生没有动手的机会,更谈不上学以致用,出现了教学与临床严重脱节的局面.结论中医护理教学应进行改革,以适应护理专业学生和临床护理工作的需要.     

宝安区青春期单纯性肥胖症干预措施的探讨

目的 探讨宝安区青春期单纯性肥胖症的干预措施.方法 对宝安区清华实验学校2 041名9～19岁青少年进行调查分析,筛查出单纯性肥胖者328例,将肥胖者随机分为干预组与非干预组,并选正常体重者作对照组,采用饮食控制与调整、体育锻炼、行为矫正以及心理健康指导等综合干预措施进行体重控制两年.结果 经过两年干预,干预组的肥胖程度显著下降(P＜0.01),身高增长值与正常对照组相比差异无显著性(P＞0.05);总胆固醇、甘油三脂、低密度脂蛋白、aopB及血压、体重均明显下降(P＜0.01),高密度脂蛋白及aopA则明显升高(P＜0.01).结论 采用饮食控制与调整、体育锻炼、行为矫正及心理健康指导等综合行为干预措施治疗与预防青春期单纯性肥胖症具有重要的临床意义,值得临床广泛推广应用.     

娄底市麻疹流行病学分析

目的 详细了解娄底市麻疹流行情况及其流行病学特征,为有效控制麻疹提供科学依据供各级领导和专业人员参考.方法 全部资料录入或导入MS-Excel 进行统计并作图,比较分析用SPSS 13.0版完成.结果 1978～2005年共报告麻疹31 963例,年均发病率31.18/10万, 历年发病率与接种率呈明显负相关(r-0.802,P＜0.01).发病从高到低后回升,可分为3个时段,年均发病率分别为95.94/10万、4.06/10万和9.66/10万,各时段各县市区发病率差异极其显著(χ254 636.36,P＜0.000 1).整个发病趋势第1时段形成3个高峰之后,1987～2000年一路走低,其中1993～1994年形成一个低谷,至2004年再度形成一个相对高峰.共报告麻疹死亡76例,病死率0.24%.1991～2005年整个发病季节集中在3～6月,但在2004年回升高发时发病高峰在2～4月.2001～2005年麻疹发病数男女性别比为1.94: 1,年龄分布最小23日,最大60岁,5岁以下儿童占56.89%,散居儿童发病数占总数的53.87%,其发病率与幼托儿童和学生比较有统计学意义(χ2921.46,P＜0.000 1).结论 娄底市麻疹发病率总体下降89.93%,但近年有上升趋势,上升原因主要为计划免疫滑坡,存在免疫空白人群.     

老年人静脉血细胞分析参考值范围的调查研究

Objective To establish the reference range of venous blood cells of healthy aged people by means of investigation on the reference range of venous blood cells of healthy adults and the aged.Methods The parameters of 3302 venous blood samples from the healthy adults and the aged were analyzed by applying SymexKX-21N hematology analyzer,and the test results were statistically analyzed with SPSS10.0 software.Results The reference range of the healthy aged people(males and females):WBC(3.57-9.00)×109/L and(3.52-8.39)×109/L;RBC(3.78-5.42)×1012/L and (3.44-4.83)×1012/L;hemoglobin(Hb)121.40-168.10 and 107.90-147.90 g/L;hematocrit(HCT)36.62%-49.18% and 32.82%-44.03%;mean corpuscular volume(MCV)85.10-100.60 and 84.70-100.60 fL;mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH)28.54-34.48 and 28.20-34.10 pg;mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)322.00-357.00 and 320.00-352.00 pg/L;coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width(RDW-CV)12.13%-15.10% and 10.20%-17.12%;platelet(PLT)(70.00-240.00)×109/L and(77.00-262.00)×109/L;mean platelet volume(MPV)9.77-15.37 and 9.51-15.55 fL;platelet distribution width(PDW)11.44%-27.77%;platelet hematocrit(PCT)1.10-2.73 and 1.13-2.99 mL/L;large platelet ratio(P-LCR)24.35%-70.14%.The differences of the parameters(WBC,RBC,Hb,HCT,MCHC,PLT and PCT)were statistically significant between senile males and senile females(P＜0.01),while the other parameters weren't(P＞0.05);the differences of parameters(WBC,MPV,PDW and P-LCR)were not significant between adults and the ageds(P＞0.05),while the other parameters were(P＜0.05).There were also significant differences(P＜0.05)between the test results and the reported date about the blood cell parameters of adults and the ageds.Conclusion The reference range of the healthy ageds is different from that of adults;therefore it is necessary to establish the laboratory reference range of venous blood cells of the elderly in this region scientifically and rationally.     

老年人静脉血细胞分析参考值范围的调查研究

Objective To establish the reference range of venous blood cells of healthy aged people by means of investigation on the reference range of venous blood cells of healthy adults and the aged.Methods The parameters of 3302 venous blood samples from the healthy adults and the aged were analyzed by applying SymexKX-21N hematology analyzer,and the test results were statistically analyzed with SPSS10.0 software.Results The reference range of the healthy aged people(males and females):WBC(3.57-9.00)×109/L and(3.52-8.39)×109/L;RBC(3.78-5.42)×1012/L and (3.44-4.83)×1012/L;hemoglobin(Hb)121.40-168.10 and 107.90-147.90 g/L;hematocrit(HCT)36.62%-49.18% and 32.82%-44.03%;mean corpuscular volume(MCV)85.10-100.60 and 84.70-100.60 fL;mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH)28.54-34.48 and 28.20-34.10 pg;mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)322.00-357.00 and 320.00-352.00 pg/L;coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width(RDW-CV)12.13%-15.10% and 10.20%-17.12%;platelet(PLT)(70.00-240.00)×109/L and(77.00-262.00)×109/L;mean platelet volume(MPV)9.77-15.37 and 9.51-15.55 fL;platelet distribution width(PDW)11.44%-27.77%;platelet hematocrit(PCT)1.10-2.73 and 1.13-2.99 mL/L;large platelet ratio(P-LCR)24.35%-70.14%.The differences of the parameters(WBC,RBC,Hb,HCT,MCHC,PLT and PCT)were statistically significant between senile males and senile females(P＜0.01),while the other parameters weren't(P＞0.05);the differences of parameters(WBC,MPV,PDW and P-LCR)were not significant between adults and the ageds(P＞0.05),while the other parameters were(P＜0.05).There were also significant differences(P＜0.05)between the test results and the reported date about the blood cell parameters of adults and the ageds.Conclusion The reference range of the healthy ageds is different from that of adults;therefore it is necessary to establish the laboratory reference range of venous blood cells of the elderly in this region scientifically and rationally.     

正常及异常胰段后韧带的MR表现

分析腰段后纵韧带的形态、结构及不同ＭＲ序列上的表现，测量正常值。探讨后纵韧带破裂的依据和病理基础以及后纵韧带改变的原因。     

四肢软组织缺损的皮瓣修复术后护理体会

目的报道四肢软组织缺损的皮瓣修复护理经验。方法126例四肢软组织缺损皮瓣修复术,术前做好心理护理、皮肤准备,术后密切观察皮瓣,抗凝、解痉、抗感染等治疗和护理。结果术后19例皮瓣出现肿胀、青紫等静脉淤血表现,经早期发现、加强皮瓣护理,13例皮瓣完全成活,6例皮瓣大部成活、远端少部分坏死,4例经换药愈合,2例行二期植皮愈合。体会做好皮瓣围手术期护理及术后皮瓣护理,发生皮瓣静脉淤血表现及时处理,能提高皮瓣移植成活率。