Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology, virtual reality, and augmented reality technology have been used to help surgeons to complete complex total hip arthroplasty, while their respective shortcomings limit their further application. With the development of technology, mixed reality (MR) technology has been applied to improve the success rate of complicated hip arthroplasty because of its unique advantages. We presented a case of a 59‐year‐old man with an intertrochanteric fracture in the left femur, who had received a prior left hip fusion. After admission to our hospital, a left total hip arthroplasty was performed on the patient using a combination of MR technology and 3D printing technology. Before surgery, 3D reconstruction of a certain bony landmark exposed in the surgical area was first performed. Then a veneer part was designed according to the bony landmark and connected to a reference registration landmark outside the body through a connecting rod. After that, the series of parts were made into a holistic reference registration instrument using 3D printing technology, and the patient's data for bone and surrounding tissue, along with digital 3D information of the reference registration instrument, were imported into the head‐mounted display (HMD). During the operation, the disinfected reference registration instrument was installed on the selected bony landmark, and then the automatic real‐time registration was realized by HMD through recognizing the registration landmark on the reference registration instrument, whereby the patient's virtual bone and other anatomical structures were quickly and accurately superimposed on the real body of the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use MR combined with 3D printing technology in total hip arthroplasty. 相似文献
The spatial distribution of enteroparasitosis in an indigenous village from Paraná was evaluated to identify areas of risk for these infections. A cross-sectional study (from November 2010 to June 2011) was performed using Three Faecal Test® and Kato &; Katz method and a questionnaire on housing and hygiene conditions was administered. Local geostatistical analyses were performed to determine the spatial distribution of intestinal parasitic infections. The overall prevalence of enteroparasites was 67.2?% (457/680), and the most prevalent taxa were Ascaris lumbricoides (48.8?%) and Trichuris trichiura (44.7?%). The prevalence of heavy infection by soil-transmitted helminths was 3.6?% and the families lived in houses with an average of 5.1 residents and < 2 bedrooms per household. The average number of species per individual present spatial heterogeneity with the highest values (≥0.8) in areas with high clustering of residences. The visualization of the spatial distribution of intestinal parasites in this indigenous village is an important contribution to determining health risk areas and planning decisions and services. 相似文献
Background: Few studies have examined the use of ultrasound for sciatic nerve localization. The authors evaluated the usefulness of low-frequency ultrasound in identifying the sciatic nerve at three locations in the lower extremity and in guiding needle advancement to target before nerve stimulation.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 15 volunteers underwent sciatic nerve examination using a curved ultrasound probe in the range of 2-5 MHz and a Philips-ATL 5000 unit (ATL Ultrasound, Bothell, WA) in the gluteal, infragluteal, and proximal thigh regions. Thereafter, an insulated block needle was advanced inline with the ultrasound beam to reach the nerve target, which was further confirmed by electrical stimulation. The quality of sciatic nerve images, ease of needle to nerve contact, threshold stimulating current, and resultant motor response were recorded.
Results: The sciatic nerve was successfully identified in the transverse view as a solitary predominantly hyperechoic structure on ultrasound in all of the three regions examined. The target nerve was visualized easily in 87% and localized within two needle attempts in all patients. Nerve stimulation was successful in 100% after two attempts with a threshold current of 0.42 +/- 0.12 (mean +/- SD) eliciting foot plantarflexion or dorsiflexion. 相似文献
This study demonstrated the existence of specific binding sites for [3H]Ro 19-6327 in human platelet membranes. This compound is a novel, time-dependent inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) and is structurally closely related to [3H]Ro 16-6491. The density of the sites labelled with high affinity by [3H]Ro 19-6327 was similar to that observed in previous studies with [3H]Ro 16-6491 as ligand. Binding was reversible at 20 degrees C and showed a relatively slow dissociation (t1/2 = 220 min). The dissociation rate was markedly decreased (t1/2 = greater than 24h) at 0 degrees C. MAO-B, but not MAO-A inhibitors, effectively prevented the binding of [3H]Ro 19-6327. Like [3H]Ro 16-6491, [3H]Ro 19-6327 is recognized as a substrate by MAO-B, being eventually deaminated by the enzyme. Since the deaminated aldehyde derivative of Ro 19-6327 did not inhibit MAO-B, a still unidentified reversible adduct, formed at the MAO-B active site, might explain the high potency and selectivity of [3H]Ro 19-6327. Incubation of the radioligand-enzyme complex from platelet and brain membranes with NaBH3CN and acetic acid (to pH 4.5) caused the irreversible incorporation of the radioactivity into a single polypeptide as shown by SDS-PAGE analysis. This polypeptide had a molecular weight identical to that of the MAO-B subunit, i.e. 58,000. The presence of unlabelled MAO-B inhibitors in the incubation mixture prevented the covalent incorporation of [3H]Ro 19-6327. The irreversible MAO-B inhibitor, [3H] pargyline, labelled a protein with a molecular weight identical to the protein labelled by [3H]Ro 19-6327.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
A model of sleep phasic events such as vertex waves, K complexes, delta waves and sleep spindles is proposed. It consists of feedback loops that are driven by white noise (simulating tonic delta and sigma activity) and by isolated random impulses, simulating vertex waves or K complexes, depending on the background tonic activity. A model-based method for the detection of sleep phasic events was implemented in a personal computer. Its performance was investigated using simulated and real whole-night EEG signals. The method was able to detect K complexes and vertex waves in a reliable way in spite of their variable shapes and in the presence of a variety of background activities. The detector appears to have superior performance to those so far reported in the literature. The performance of the detector was also compared to that of an electroencephalographer using normal sleep EEG records of 8 h duration from 6 subjects. The performance was satisfactory both in terms of accuracy and reliability. The problem of detecting K complexes in stages 3 and 4 of sleep is discussed. 相似文献