Oxazole,pyrazole and piperidine derivatives having an o-hydroxyaryl moiety with anticipated molluscicidal activity

The condensation reactions of hippuric acid and its furyl derivative with salicylaldehydes or that of salicylhippuric acid analogues with furaldehyde led to the corresponding oxazoles. These were subsequently treated with hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine or subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to yield new o-hydroxyaryl or salicyl containing derivatives. 5-Substituted salicylanilides were treated with piperidine and formaldehyde in a Mannich type reaction affording the corresponding 3-(N-piperidinomethyl) salicylanilides. It was noticed that the presence of an electron donating group in position 3 in the salicylanilide moiety decreases the molluscicidal activity.     

Comparison of human skeletal myoblasts and bone marrow-derived CD133+ progenitors for the repair of infarcted myocardium

OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed as a face-to-face functional comparison of human skeletal myoblasts (SMs) and CD133(+) bone marrow-derived hematopoietic progenitors in an animal model of semichronic myocardial infarction. BACKGROUND: Compared with SMs, bone marrow-derived cells have the advantage of plasticity and might more effectively regenerate ischemic cardiac tissue. However, few data exist on the comparative efficacy of these two cell types in semichronic infarcts. METHODS: A myocardial infarction was created by coronary ligation in 32 nude rats. Ten days later, rats received in-scar injections of human SMs, CD133(+) progenitors, or culture medium. Left ventricular function was assessed before and one month after transplantation by echocardiography and pressure-volume loops. Immunofluorescence, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization were used to detect cells grafted in the hearts. RESULTS: One month after transplantation, left ventricular ejection fraction decreased by 8 +/- 4% in controls, whereas it increased by 7 +/- 3% in CD133(+)-grafted hearts (p = 0.0015 vs. controls) and further by 15 +/- 5% in SM-treated hearts (p = 0.008 vs. controls). Systolic indices yielded by pressure-volume loops paralleled these data. Engrafted myotubes were identified in all SM-treated hearts by immunofluorescence, whereas in CD133(+)-grafted hearts, few human cells were only detected by polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS: In the setting of postinfarction scars, the transplantation of bone marrow-derived CD133(+) progenitors improves cardiac function, but this benefit is not superior to that afforded by myogenic cells.     

Effect of bortezomib regimens and daratumumab monotherapy on cellular immunity in multiple myeloma patients

Background: Treatment with Bortezomib (a proteasome inhibitor) and Daratumumab (DARA, a monoclonal anti CD38 antibody) are effective in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, these drugs impair cellular immunity, which may render the patients more prone to infection. Objective: To investigate the effect of Bortezomib-based regimens and Daratumumab monotherapy on the lymphocyte subpopulations in MM patients. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 32 patients, including 29 newly diagnosed who treated with bortezomib regimens and 3 patients with relapsed and refractory MM treated with Daratumumab as monotherapy. The immunophenotypic analysis was performed by flow cytometry at baseline and during the third cycle of Bortezomib regimen and fourth week of Daratumumab treatment. Results: In the third cycle of Bortezomib, there was a significant decrease in CD3+ T cells, CD+4 T cells, memory T cells, and natural killer cells (NK cells). However, CD8+ T cells increased dramatically, followed by a significant reduction in the CD4/CD8 ratio. On the other hand, Daratumumab led to an increase in the T cell population after four weeks of treatment, with a significant increase in CD3+ T cells as well as CD4+ T cells, while NK cells were dramatically depleted in all patients. Conclusion: Bortezomib had a negative influence on subsets of T cells, while Daratumumab positively affected   T cells subsets.  In both treatments, NK cells decreased significantly. These results suggested that DARA is more specific to target myeloma cells than Bortezomib. Also, DARA expanded T cells especially CD3+ T cells and CD4+ T cells.     

A proposed Saudi approach to the ethical utilization of living unrelated kidney donation

We outline a proposal for the use of living unrelated kidney donors for transplantation. This proposal, although recommended by the Saudi National Committee on Renal Transplantation, is still under discussion and has not been implemented yet. We feel that this proposal is ethical with airtight safeguards against commercialization and for the protection of the well-being of the donor with assurance that he or she has not been coerced into donation.     

Focal nodular hyperplasia in a child with hemihypertrophy and multiple cutaneous vascular malformations

A case of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver occurring in a 9-year-old girl with musculoskeletal hemihypertrophy and multiple cutaneous capillary haemangiomata is described. The child presented because of limb length discrepancy and was found to have a large mass in the liver. Imaging showed a mass of similar characteristics to normal liver tissue. Prominent vascular supply to the liver was also seen. We present this case to emphasize the important diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia, which may occur in syndromic form in children with typical cutaneous and skeletal manifestations.     

Predictors of cardiac morbidity and related mortality in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular dysfunction and its predictors in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular manifestations are common among children with AIDS but may be clinically occult. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records, echocardiograms, electrocardiograms, and Holter monitor studies of 68 children with AIDS. We tested clinical and demographic characteristics at the time of AIDS diagnosis for their ability to predict serious cardiac events, death, and cardiac death. RESULTS: The median time from AIDS diagnosis to death or end of follow-up was 1.0 year (range, 1 week to 7.9 years). Nineteen patients (28%) experienced serious cardiac events after AIDS diagnosis. Of 43 patients who died, 15 (35%) had cardiac dysfunction. Multivariable analyses revealed that recurrent bacterial infections, wasting, encephalopathy, male gender, and an earlier year of AIDS diagnosis were predictors of serious cardiac events (relative risk [RR] = 9.3, 6.9, 4.7, 4.1, and 0.76, respectively, p < 0.05). Wasting, encephalopathy, a low age-adjusted CD4 count, a low age-adjusted immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, and an earlier year of AIDS diagnosis increased the risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 8.9, 5.1, 2.7, 0.82, and 0.8, respectively, p 相似文献   

Free radical scavenging and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of Origanum majorana L. essential oil

In the present study, Origanum majorana L. essential oil (EO) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated for free radical scavenging and anticholinesterase activities. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 4-terpineol (29.97%), γ-terpinene (15.40%), trans-sabinene hydrate (10.93), α-terpinene (6.86%), 3-cycolohexene-1-1 methanal,a,a4-trimethyl-,(S)-(CAS) (6.54%), and sabinene (3.91%) as main constituents. Origanum majorana L. EO exhibited concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on 2,2'-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH(?)), hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation with IC(50) values of 58.67, 67.11, 91.25, 78.67, and 68.75 μg/mL, respectively; while the IC(50) values for the standard trolox were noted to be 23.95, 44.97, 51.30, 42.22, and 52.72 μg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, cholinesterase inhibitory activity was also found with IC(50) values of 36.40 μg/mL. We can conclude that the marjoram EO has a significant potential to be used as a natural antioxidant and anti-AChE.