全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2734篇 |
免费 | 157篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 27篇 |
儿科学 | 97篇 |
妇产科学 | 40篇 |
基础医学 | 427篇 |
口腔科学 | 48篇 |
临床医学 | 190篇 |
内科学 | 605篇 |
皮肤病学 | 128篇 |
神经病学 | 335篇 |
特种医学 | 78篇 |
外科学 | 214篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
预防医学 | 100篇 |
眼科学 | 65篇 |
药学 | 250篇 |
中国医学 | 9篇 |
肿瘤学 | 279篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 53篇 |
2021年 | 60篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 76篇 |
2017年 | 63篇 |
2016年 | 65篇 |
2015年 | 61篇 |
2014年 | 95篇 |
2013年 | 124篇 |
2012年 | 183篇 |
2011年 | 214篇 |
2010年 | 120篇 |
2009年 | 123篇 |
2008年 | 183篇 |
2007年 | 195篇 |
2006年 | 164篇 |
2005年 | 193篇 |
2004年 | 159篇 |
2003年 | 139篇 |
2002年 | 134篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 20篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2902条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Yuko Kamio Yurika Saito Naoki Utoguchi Masuo Kondoh Naoya Koizumi Makiko Fujii Yoshiteru Watanabe 《Journal of controlled release》2005,102(3):563-568
Some physiological substances, including acetylcholine and nitric oxide, are useful candidates for stimulation of intestinal absorption of drugs. In the present study, we elucidated the ability of epinephrine (Epi) to stimulate the intestinal absorption of drugs. We evaluated the ability of Epi to enhance absorption of macromolecules using dextran (Mw 4000 Da), which is poorly absorbed from the intestine, as a model compound in situ in a closed loop of the rat jejunum. Treatment of the jejunum with Epi resulted in significant increase in absorption of dextran in a dose-dependent fashion. The area under the curve (AUC) from 0 to 4 h in the Epi-treated jejunum was 13-fold higher than that in the vehicle-treated jejunum. The absorption-enhancing activity of Epi was 40-fold higher than that of caprate, a clinically used absorption-enhancer of drugs. In the experimental conditions used in this study, histological injury of the mucosa and perturbation of the mucosal membrane were not observed in the Epi-treated jejunum. Treatment with an antagonist of alpha-adrenergic receptors attenuated the stimulation of intestinal absorption by Epi, and treatment with an agonist of alpha-adrenergic receptors resulted in enhancement of intestinal absorption. While an antagonist of beta-adrenergic receptors enhanced the absorption-enhancing effect of Epi, an agonist of beta-adrenergic receptors stimulated intestinal absorption. These results indicate that stimulation of adrenergic receptors may be a novel strategy for intestinal absorption of drugs. 相似文献
3.
4.
Toshihiro Kawamura Hiroshi Motoyama Atsushi Yanaihara Takeshi Yorimitsu Akane Arichi Yasuhiro Karasawa Kahori Suga Kaoru Miya Seika Ishikawa Shiho Mizushima Makiko Kawamura 《Reproductive Medicine and Biology》2007,6(1):53-57
Aim: To compare the clinical outcomes of cryopreserved-thawed embryo transfer among patients with a normal menstrual cycle who had natural or hormone-replacement cycles.
Methods: From January 2004 to June 2006, cryopreserved embryos following conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were thawed and transferred in a total of 720 natural cycles and 136 hormone-replacement cycles.
Results: Cryopreserved-thawed embryo transfer in patients who had a natural or hormone-replacement cycle resulted in clinical pregnancy in 43.1% and 40.4%, respectively; a rate of miscarriage of 14.5% and 23.6%, respectively; and a rate of ongoing pregnancy and delivery of 36.5% and 30.9%, respectively. None of these differences were statistically significant.
Conclusions: Patients with a normal menstrual cycle who have natural or hormone-replacement cycles can be expected to have comparable clinical outcomes with cryopreserved-thawed embryo transfer. (Reprod Med Biol 2007; 6 : 53–57) 相似文献
Methods: From January 2004 to June 2006, cryopreserved embryos following conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were thawed and transferred in a total of 720 natural cycles and 136 hormone-replacement cycles.
Results: Cryopreserved-thawed embryo transfer in patients who had a natural or hormone-replacement cycle resulted in clinical pregnancy in 43.1% and 40.4%, respectively; a rate of miscarriage of 14.5% and 23.6%, respectively; and a rate of ongoing pregnancy and delivery of 36.5% and 30.9%, respectively. None of these differences were statistically significant.
Conclusions: Patients with a normal menstrual cycle who have natural or hormone-replacement cycles can be expected to have comparable clinical outcomes with cryopreserved-thawed embryo transfer. (Reprod Med Biol 2007; 6 : 53–57) 相似文献
5.
S Cole I J Stratford E M Fielden G E Adams W Leopold W Elliott M Suto J Sebolt-Leopold 《International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics》1992,22(3):545-548
Following the toxicity and synthetic difficulties encountered with the hypoxic cell radiosensitizer RSU 1069, efforts have focused on development of a superior analogue. Two compounds, RB 6145 and PD 130908, have emerged from this program which overcome the instability and synthetic problems associated with RSU 1069 while retaining favorable biological activity. Both agents show comparable radiosensitizing activity to RSU 1069 following oral or i.p. administration to mice bearing the KHT or RIF-1 tumors. Sensitizing efficiency is about 10 X greater than that observed for misonidazole or etanidazole. Toxicity toward hypoxic tumor cells in vivo is demonstrated by clamping tumors (for 60 min) following administration of PD 130908 or RB 6145. Both are effective hypoxic cytotoxins, but less potent than RSU 1069. Systemic toxicity is substantially reduced following oral drug administration. Further, doses achievable following fractionated drug treatments are sufficiently high to produce significant levels of radiosensitization. 相似文献
6.
7.
Terashima Y Onai N Murai M Enomoto M Poonpiriya V Hamada T Motomura K Suwa M Ezaki T Haga T Kanegasaki S Matsushima K 《Nature immunology》2005,6(8):827-835
Ligation of the chemokine receptor CCR2 on monocytes and macrophages with its ligand CCL2 results in activation of the cascade consisting of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K), the small G protein Rac and lamellipodium protrusion. We show here that a unique clathrin heavy-chain repeat homology protein, FROUNT, directly bound activated CCR2 and formed clusters at the cell front during chemotaxis. Overexpression of FROUNT amplified the chemokine-elicited PI(3)K-Rac-lamellipodium protrusion cascade and subsequent chemotaxis. Blocking FROUNT function by using a truncated mutant or antisense strategy substantially diminished signaling via CCR2. In a mouse peritonitis model, suppression of endogenous FROUNT markedly prevented macrophage infiltration. Thus, FROUNT links activated CCR2 to the PI(3)K-Rac-lamellipodium protrusion cascade and could be a therapeutic target in chronic inflammatory immune diseases associated with macrophage infiltration. 相似文献
8.
Morita Y Ujike H Tanaka Y Uchida N Nomura A Ohtani K Kishimoto M Morio A Imamura T Sakai A Inada T Harano M Komiyama T Yamada M Sekine Y Iwata N Iyo M Sora I Ozaki N Kuroda S 《Neuroscience letters》2005,376(3):182-187
Genetic contributions to the etiology of substance abuse and dependence are topics of major interest. Acute and chronic cannabis use can produce drug-induced psychosis resembling schizophrenia and worsen positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The endocannabinoid system is one of the most important neural signaling pathways implicated in substance abuse and dependence. The fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a primary catabolic enzyme of endocannabinoids. To clarify a possible involvement of FAAH in the etiology of methamphetamine dependence/psychosis or schizophrenia, we examined the genetic association of a nonsynonymous polymorphism of the FAAH gene (Pro129Thr) by a case-control study. We found no significant association in allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphism with either disorder. Because the Pro129Thr polymorphism reduces enzyme instability, it is unlikely that dysfunction of FAAH and enhanced endocannabinoid system induce susceptibility to either methamphetamine dependence/psychosis or schizophrenia. 相似文献
9.
Tsuneyuki Sato Yoshiko Takahashi Makiko Seno Hiroyuki Nakamura Hitoshi Tanaka Tadatoshi Ota 《Macromolecular chemistry and physics.》1991,192(12):2909-2914
Polymerization of dialkyl itaconates with dimethyl azoisobutyrate ( 5 ) was studied in benzene at 50°C by means of electron spin resonance (ESR). The monomers used are dimethyl ( 1 ), diethyl ( 2 ), dibutyl ( 3 ) and di-2-ethylhexyl ( 4 ) itaconates. All the polymerization systems involve ESR-observable propagating polymer radicals under the actual polymerization conditions. The polymerization rate (Rp) and degree of polymerization of the resulting polymer increase in going from shorter to longer alkyl groups. The ESR-determined rate constants of propagation (kp) and termination (kt) decrease as the alkyl chain becomes longer. kp of 1 is 3,3 times higher than that of 4 , while kt of 1 is 590 times higher than that of 4 . Thus, the steric effect due to the alkyl group suppresses much more termination than propagation, leading to the fact that Rp increases as the alkyl group becomes larger. 相似文献
10.
Chemical properties of lipopolysaccharides from spotted fever group rickettsiae and their common antigenicity with lipopolysaccharides from Proteus species. 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Infection and immunity》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
The lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia strains Thai tick typhus TT-118 and Katayama were characterized by chemical analyses, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoblotting. These LPS did not contain heptose, but they contained 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO), glucosamine, quinovosamine, phosphate, ribose, an unknown neutral sugar, and palmitic acid. Resolution of the apparent molecular masses of these LPS by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and staining with silver showed ladder-like bands. In an ELISA, convalescent-phase sera from 10 patients with Japanese spotted fever reacted with LPS from the Katayama strain, and 90% (9 of 10) of these sera also reacted with LPS isolated from Proteus vulgaris OX2. Immunoblotting revealed that the sera reacted with the high-molecular-mass bands of LPS from SFG rickettsiae, in addition to those of OX2 LPS. In an ELISA, immunoglobulin M antibodies from these sera reacted with the O-polysaccharide and lipid A portions of LPS from P. vulgaris OX2. The epitopes common to LPS of SFG rickettsiae and P. vulgaris OX2 may be in the O-polysaccharide and lipid A portions. 相似文献