甜茶素提取物对STZ致高血糖大鼠的降血糖作用研究

目的 :　研究甜茶素提取物对 STZ致高血糖大鼠的降血糖效果及其降糖机制。方法 :　腹腔注射 STZ制备糖尿病大鼠模型 ,取成型的大鼠随机分阳性对照组、甜茶素提取物组和降糖灵组。同时设一正常组。灌胃 3 w后 ,测血糖、果糖胺、胰岛素和 SOD等指标。结果 :　甜茶素提取物能极显著地降低 STZ致高血糖大鼠血糖 ,增强其抗氧化能力 ,同时能刺激胰岛素的分泌。结论 :　甜茶素提取物通过刺激胰岛素的分泌来降低血糖     

复方鳖甲软肝方防治肺纤维化大鼠自由基损伤作用的实验研究

目的研究复方鳖甲软肝方防治肺纤维化大鼠自由基损伤的作用和机制。方法SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、强的松(0.56 m g/kg)组、复方鳖甲软肝方高、中、低剂量(1.4、0.7、0.35 g/kg)组,每组10只。除正常组、假手术组外,其余各组大鼠气管滴注盐酸博莱霉素制备大鼠肺纤维化模型。造模后第2天,各组分别ig给药,连续给药4周。测定各组大鼠肺组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(G SH-Px)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNO S)活性和丙二醛(M DA)水平;采用W estern b lotting实验研究肺组织蛋白中核因子κB(NF-κB)和核因子κB抑制剂(IκBα)的表达。结果复方鳖甲软肝方能提高肺纤维化大鼠体内的G SP-Px和SOD活性,降低M DA水平和iNO S活性,减弱肺纤维化大鼠肺组织核蛋白中NF-κB表达,增强胞浆蛋白中IκBα的表达。结论复方鳖甲软肝方能调节肺纤维化大鼠体内自由基水平,减轻自由基对肺组织结构的氧化损伤,调节肺组织蛋白IκBα的表达,进而抑制NF-κB表达,是该方防治肺纤维化的作用机制。     

A Prospective,Randomized Comparison of Modified Pulmonary Vein Isolation Versus Conventional Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Modified Pulmonary Vein Isolation in AF Ablation. Introduction: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the primary ablation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that high dominant frequency (DF) sites (AF nests during sinus rhythm [SR]) adjacent to the PV ostia are associated with the atrial substrate that maintains AF, and PVI incorporating the high‐frequency AF nests may have a higher efficacy. Methods and Results: In a prospective and randomized comparison, 126 symptomatic paroxysmal AF patients that underwent PVI were enrolled. We compared the efficacy of a modified PVI (ablation line: 1.0–1.5 cm from the PV ostium with encircling the AF nests [spectral analysis with DF >70 Hz during SR, Group II]) versus the anatomy‐guided conventional PVI (Group I). In Group II, the DF value along the PV ostium was lower than 70 Hz after the PVI. The primary endpoint was the freedom from symptomatic atrial arrhythmias after a single procedure. We also followed the autonomic function by a time‐domain analysis of the heart rate variability. In both groups, AF nests were observed and electric isolation was successfully obtained in all patients. With a mean duration of 16 ± 6.1 months of follow‐up, Group II had a higher single procedure efficacy without drugs (78.7% vs 66.1%, log‐rank test: P = 0.02), and fewer repeat procedures (6.6% vs 23%; P = 0.04), as compared to Group I. Conclusion: PVI incorporating the high frequency AF nests adjacent to the PV ostia had a better single procedure efficacy. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 1155–1162, November 2012)     

GLOBAL TESTS FOR COMBINATION DRUG STUDIES IN FACTORIAL TRIALS

To test the hypothesis that there are some studied dose combinations more effective in treating a disease than their respective component doses of two drugs, Hung, Chi and Lipicky proposed two α-level tests for normally distributed data. This paper extends the utilities of these tests to the outcome variable that has variance as a function of its mean, such as with a binomially distributed outcome, and to incomplete factorial design settings where some cells are not studied. I explore the impacts of excluding cells from study on the power performances of these tests.     

SARS冠状病毒N蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

目的 制备SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)N蛋白特异性单克隆抗体(McAb)，为SARS的快速诊断及致病机制的研究提供实验材料。方法 用纯化的重组SARS-CoVN蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠，经细胞融合和亚克隆后获得分泌针对N蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株，用Western blot和间接免疫荧光法检测这些细胞株分泌的单克隆抗体特异性，并将N蛋白分3段表达初步定位单克隆抗体识别表位所在区域。结果 通过细胞融合和3轮克隆化，筛选出分泌抗N蛋白的6个杂交瘤细胞株。Western blot及免疫荧光显示，获得的McAb可与SARS-CoVN蛋白及SARS-CoV发生特异性反应，有4个细胞株分泌的抗体的识别位点位于N蛋白N端，2个位于C端。结论 获得了SARS-CoV特异性单克隆抗体并进行了初步定位，可用于SARS的早期诊断及致病机制研究。     

痔组织弹性纤维退变和血管生成的机制及其意义

目的研究痔组织弹性纤维的病理变化及微血管密度(MVD)和血管生成相关蛋白的表达与痔形成的关系。方法利用免疫组织化学染色技术(SP法),对比研究24例Ⅲ度痔患者的正常肛垫和痔两种组织内弹性纤维和MVD的变化,并检测一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的3种亚型、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和金属基质蛋白酶(MMP)2、MMP9在两种组织中表达的差异。结果痔组织存在显著的新生血管形成,痔组织与相对正常肛垫组织间的MVD计数、VEGF、MMP9表达差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。痔组织中iNOS明显增高,但与正常肛垫组织比较,不具备统计学意义;痔组织弹性纤维出现断裂、扭曲、变形、玻璃样变等异常,而正常肛垫组织中弹性纤维形态较规则、密集,断裂和变形少见。结论新生血管形成可能是痔的发病机制之一;MMP9对肛垫纤维支持结构的直接降解作用可能是痔形成和加重的一个重要机制;痔组织中iNOS表达增高还提示炎症因素和一氧化氮可能参与了痔的病理过程。     

不同部位瘢痕疙瘩组织中IGF-I、IGF-IR的表达及其意义

目的 通过分析瘢痕疙瘩周围部和中央部组织中IGF-I、IGF-IR表达的差异,探讨瘢痕疙瘩呈浸润性生长的机制.方法 收集手术切除的瘢痕疙瘩组织8例及周围正常皮肤组织4例,对不同部位的瘢痕疙瘩组织和正常皮肤组织进行免疫组织化学染色,观察各组中IGF-I、IGF-IR的表达,比较瘢痕疙瘩不同部位和正常皮肤组织中IGF-I、IGF-IR表达的差异.结果 正常皮肤组织中成纤维细胞中IGF-I、IGF-IR的表达均呈阴性.瘢痕疙瘩周围组织成纤维细胞中IGF-I的表达明显高于中央部,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);瘢痕疙瘩周围部组织纤维细胞中IGF-IR明显高于中央部,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论瘢痕疙瘩不同部位IGF-I、IGF-IR的表达差异可能是导致瘢痕疙瘩呈浸润性生长的机制之一.     

Montelukast decreased exhaled nitric oxide in children with perennial allergic rhinitis

BACKGROUND: Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is a simple and noninvasive method for assessment of inflammatory airway diseases. eNO is elevated in adolescent patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and related to bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral loratadine, montelukast, nasal budesonide or nasal sodium cromoglycate could reduce airway inflammation as indicated by decrease of eNO in children with perennial allergic rhinitis as demonstrated by eNO levels. METHODS: A randomized and investigator-blinded study was conducted in a hospital-based outpatient clinic. Children with perennial allergic rhinitis were divided into four groups and treated by loratadine, loratadine with nasal sodium cromoglycate, loratadine with oral montelukast, and loratadine with nasal budesonide, respectively. Allergic rhinitis scores, eNO and peak expiratory flow were measured before and 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Results showed that eNO in children with perennial allergic rhinitis was reduced by nasal budesonide and oral montelukast within 2 weeks (24.56 +/- 14.42 vs 18.42 +/- 12.48, P < 0.001, in budesonide group; 27.81 +/- 13.4 vs 19.09 +/- 10.45, P < 0.001, in montelukast group), but not in the loratadine and cromoglycate groups. In contrast, loratadine or sodium cromoglycate also did not decrease eNO levels although they could decrease the symptom scores. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that four common treatment modalities could effectively release symptom scores, but decrease of airway inflammation as determined by decrease of eNO might be only achieved by nasal budesonide and montelukast, but not nasal sodium cromoglycate and loratadine. Children with perennial allergic rhinitis with high eNO levels may require oral montelukast or nasal budesonide treatment to prevent airway hyperresponsiveness.