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排序方式: 共有543条查询结果,搜索用时 12 毫秒
1.
The kinetics of insulin in man. I. General aspects 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
2.
Alessandro Antonelli Mario Rotondi Poupak Fallahi Paola Romagnani Silvia Martina Ferrari Ele Ferrannini Mario Serio 《Journal of interferon & cytokine research》2005,25(9):547-552
Circulating levels of cytokines are deeply influenced by aging, and few data about serum chemokines are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of aging on circulating CXCL10. One hundred forty healthy subjects (70 males and 70 females), 10-79 years of age, underwent fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and CXCL8 serum assay. Thyroid hormone testing for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), antithyroglobulin (AbTg), and antithyroperoxidase (AbTPO) autoantibodies and thyroid ultrasonography were performed in all subjects to exclude the presence of clinical or subclinical thyroid disease. Serum CXCL10 levels were assayed in all subjects and found to be increased in 14 of 70 females (20%) and in 4 of 70 males (5.7%) (p = 0.01). In a multiple linear regression model including age, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycemia, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, TSH, AbTPO, AbTg, and CXCL8, only age was significantly related to CXCL10 [C.R. 1.30 (0.28-2.33), p = 0.001]. No relationship was present between CXCL8 serum levels and age, suggesting a specificity of CXCL10 elevation as a function of age. Results of this study, performed in healthy subjects on an age gradient, demonstrate an increase in serum CXCL10 with advancing age overall in females, supporting the hypothesis of enhanced Th1 immune responses in aging. 相似文献
3.
Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in subclinical hypothyroidism: beneficial effect of levothyroxine therapy 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Taddei S Caraccio N Virdis A Dardano A Versari D Ghiadoni L Salvetti A Ferrannini E Monzani F 《The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism》2003,88(8):3731-3737
Subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT) is associated with enhanced cardiovascular risk. To test the hypothesis that patients with sHT are characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired nitric oxide (NO) availability, in 14 patients [serum cholesterol, 218 +/- 41 mg/dl (5.6 +/- 0.9 mM)] and 28 euthyroid subjects, subdivided into groups A and B [serum cholesterol, 170 +/- 19 mg/dl (4.4 +/- 0.5 mM) and 217 +/- 21 mg/dl (5.6 +/- 0.5 mM), respectively], we studied the forearm blood flow (strain-gauge plethysmography) response to intrabrachial acetylcholine, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, at baseline and during infusion of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a NO synthase inhibitor. Response to sodium nitroprusside and minimal forearm vascular resistances were also evaluated. In sHT patients, vasodilation to acetylcholine was reduced, compared with group B (+358 +/- 29% vs. +503 +/- 19%, P = 0.0003) and group A (663 +/- 65%, P = 0.02 vs. group B and P = 0.0002 vs. sHT). L-NMMA blunted the vasodilation to acetylcholine in groups A and B (49.1 +/- 6.3% and 42.7 +/- 5.5% maximal forearm blood flow reduction, respectively, P < 0.0001 vs. acetylcholine), whereas it was ineffective in sHT patients (12.8 +/- 2.5%). Response to sodium nitroprusside and minimal vascular resistances were similar. In sHT (n = 9) patients, 6 months of euthyroidism by levothyroxine replacement increased acetylcholine-vasodilation and restored L-NMMA inhibition. Patients with sHT are characterized by endothelial dysfunction resulting from a reduction in NO availability, an alteration partially independent of dyslipidemia and reversed by levothyroxine supplementation. 相似文献
4.
Vynckier Pieter Ferrannini Giulia Rydén Lars Tokgözoğlu Lale Bruthans Jan Kotseva Kornelia Wood David De Backer Tine Gevaert Sofie De Bacquer Dirk De Smedt Delphine 《Cardiovascular drugs and therapy / sponsored by the International Society of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy》2021,35(4):801-808
Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - This study is aimed at investigating gender differences in the medical management of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Analyses were based on the ESC... 相似文献
5.
Muscelli E Mingrone G Camastra S Manco M Pereira JA Pareja JC Ferrannini E 《The American journal of medicine》2005,118(1):51-57
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of equivalent weight loss induced by two bariatric surgical techniques on insulin action in severely obese patients. METHODS: Eighteen nondiabetic patients with severe obesity (mean [+/- SD] body mass index: 53.5 +/- 9.0 kg/m(2)) and 20 sex- and age-matched lean subjects (body mass index: 23.8 +/- 3.0 kg/m(2)) underwent metabolic studies, including measurement of insulin sensitivity by the insulin clamp technique. Patients then underwent either vertical banded gastroplasty with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or biliopancreatic diversion, and were restudied at 5 to 6 months and again at 16 to 24 months postsurgery. RESULTS: At baseline, patients were hyperinsulinemic (194 +/- 47 pmol/L vs. 55 +/- 25 pmol/L, P < 0.0001), hypertriglyceridemic (1.56 +/- 0.30 mmol/L vs. 0.78 +/- 0.32 mmol/L, P < 0.0001), and profoundly insulin resistant (insulin-mediated glucose disposal: 20.8 +/- 4.4 micromol/min/kg fat-free mass vs. 52.0 +/- 10.1 micromol/min/kg, P < 0.0001) as compared with controls. Weight loss by the two procedures was equivalent in both amount (averaging -53 kg) and time course. In the gastric bypass group, insulin sensitivity improved (23.8 +/- 6.0 micromol/min/kg at 5 months and 33.7 +/- 11.3 micromol/min/kg at 16 months, P < 0.01 vs. baseline and controls). In contrast, in the biliopancreatic diversion group, insulin sensitivity was normalized already at 6 months (52.5 +/- 12.4 micromol/min/kg, P = 0.72 vs. controls) and increased further at 24 months (68.7 +/- 9.5 micromol/min/kg, P < 0.01 vs. controls) despite a persistent obese phenotype (body mass index: 33.2 +/- 8.0 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSION: In surgically treated obese patients, insulin sensitivity improves in proportion to weight loss with use of predominantly restrictive procedures (gastric bypass), but is reversed completely by predominantly malabsorptive approaches (biliopancreatic diversion) long before normalization of body weight. Selective nutrient absorption and gut hormones may interact with one another in the genesis of the metabolic abnormalities of obesity. 相似文献
6.
Brenno Astiarraga Valéria B. Chueire Aglécio L. Souza Ricardo Pereira-Moreira Sarah Monte Alegre Andrea Natali Andrea Tura Andrea Mari Ele Ferrannini Elza Muscelli 《Diabetologia》2018,61(8):1829-1837
Aims/hypothesis
Incretin effect—the potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin release induced by the oral vs the i.v. route—is impaired in dysglycaemic states. Despite evidence from human islet studies that NEFA interfere with incretin function, little information is available about the effect in humans. We tested the impact of acute bidirectional NEFA manipulation on the incretin effect in humans.Methods
Thirteen individuals with type 2 diabetes and ten non-diabetic volunteers had a 3 h OGTT, and, a week later, an i.v. isoglycaemic glucose infusion (ISO; OGTT matched). Both pairs of studies were repeated during an exogenous lipid infusion in the non-diabetic volunteers, and following acipimox administration (to inhibit lipolysis) in people with diabetes. Mathematical modelling of insulin secretion dynamics assessed total insulin secretion (TIS), beta cell glucose sensitivity (β-GS), glucose-induced potentiation (PGLU) and incretin-induced potentiation (PINCR); the oral glucose sensitivity index was used to estimate insulin sensitivity.Results
Lipid infusion increased TIS (from 61 [interquartile range 26] to 78 [31] nmol/m2 on OGTT and from 29 nmol/m2 [26] to 57 nmol/m2 [30] on ISO) and induced insulin resistance. PINCR decreased from 1.6 [1.1] to 1.3 [0.1] (p?<?0.05). β-GS, PGLU and glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) responses were unaffected. Acipimox (lowering NEFA by ~55%) reduced plasma glucose and TIS and enhanced insulin sensitivity, but did not change β-GS, PINCR, PGLU or glucagon, GLP-1 or GIP responses. As the per cent difference, incretin effect was decreased in non-diabetic participants and unchanged in those with diabetes.Conclusions/interpretation
Raising NEFA selectively impairs incretin effect and insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic individuals, while acute NEFA reduction lowers plasma glucose and enhances insulin sensitivity in people with diabetes but does not correct the impaired incretin-induced potentiation.7.
E Ferrannini A Lanfranchi F Rohner-Jeanrenaud G Manfredini G Van de Werve 《Metabolism: clinical and experimental》1990,39(10):1082-1088
Diabetes acutely impairs the ability of the liver to synthesize glycogen. However, the effect of chronic diabetes on the glycogenic function of the liver is not known. We measured hepatic glycogen contents in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats 3 weeks or 9 months after the induction of diabetes, in the fed state and following a 24-hour fast. In the fed state, liver glycogen levels were markedly decreased in short-term diabetic animals (5.8 +/- 2.0 v 33.9 +/- 2.3 mg/g, P less than .001), but not in long-term diabetic rats (18.3 +/- 4.4 v 20.7 +/- 1.3 mg/g, P = NS) as compared with age-matched nondiabetic animals, despite comparable hyperglycemia (portal plasma glucose levels of 424 +/- 21 and 449 +/- 24 mg/100 mL, short- and long-term diabetics, respectively). In the fasted state, on the other hand, liver glycogen was depleted in acute diabetes (4.5 +/- 2.2 mg/g v 1.9 +/- 0.5 of control rats), but significantly increased in chronic diabetes (10.1 +/- 3.1 v 0.2 +/- 0.03 mg/g, P less than .001). The latter finding was confirmed by electron-microscopical examination of liver cells. Furthermore, the percentage of hepatic glycogen synthase in the active form (synthase a) was lower than normal in short-term diabetic rats and in old nondiabetic rats. In long-term diabetic animals, on the other hand, synthase a was significantly higher than in old controls (P less than .01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
8.
Lipoprotein lipase gene variants and progression of nephropathy in hypercholesterolaemic patients with type 2 diabetes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Solini A Passaro A Fioretto P Nannipieri M Ferrannini E 《Journal of internal medicine》2004,256(1):30-36
Objective. Recent prospective studies have identified hyperlipidaemia as an independent determinant of diabetic nephropathy. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme in the postprandial processing of triglycerides and VLDL. Among a number of common sequence variants of the LPL, HindIII has been associated with coronary heart disease and, more recently, with microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the progression of renal disease in hypercholesterolaemic type 2 diabetic patients in relation to this polymorphism. Design and subjects. We followed up for 4 years 65 consecutively enrolled microalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes; of whom 28 had hypercholesterolaemia (6.62 ± 0.9 mmol L?1, group A) and 37 were normocholesterolaemic (4.68 ± 0.5 mmol L?1, group B). Main outcome measures. After performing the genetic analyses, albumin excretion rate (AER) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), calculated by the simplified equation of the MDRD Study Group, were repeated every year. Results. In group A, AER increased more (?AER: 11 [38] vs. 4 [18] μg min?1 per year in group B, P < 0.0001) while GFR declined faster (?3.5 ± 2.1 vs. ?2.0 ± 1.4 mL min?1 per year, P < 0.02). Patients homozygous for the allele + of HindIII showed a significantly faster decline of GFR and a higher increase of AER (both P = 0.0001) even after adjustment for cholesterol levels and anthropometric variables. Conclusions. In hypercholesterolaemic type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, the renal disease has an accelerated course, particularly in those carrying the H+/H+ genotype of the HindIII polymorphism at the LPL locus. 相似文献
9.
Quiñones-Galvan A Pucciarelli A Fratta-Pasini A Garbin U Franzoni F Galetta F Natali A Cominacini L Ferrannini E 《Journal of internal medicine》2001,250(4):322-326
OBJECTIVES: LDL-cholesterol particles from hypertensive patients exhibit enhanced susceptibility to in vitro oxidation, an abnormality thought to increase cardiovascular risk. We tested whether blood pressure (BP) normalization can reverse this abnormality. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized pharmacological intervention trial. SETTING: Clinical research centre. Subjects. A total of 29 nondiabetic, normolipidaemic patients with essential hypertension (BP= 151 +/- 3/99 +/- 1 mmHg) and 11 normotensive controls (BP=125 +/- 3/85 +/- 1 mmHg) matched for gender, age, obesity, glucose tolerance and lipid profile. Intervention. Anti-hypertensive treatment for 3 months with a calcium-antagonist in randomized combination with either an ACE inhibitor or a beta-blocker. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lag phase of copper-induced LDL oxidation, cell-mediated (human umbilical vein endothelium) generation of malondialdehyde (MDA) by LDL and vitamin E content in LDL. RESULTS: At baseline in hypertensives versus controls, lag phase was shorter (89 +/- 3 vs. 107 +/- 6 min, P < 0.04), MDA generation was higher (5.8 +/- 0.1 vs. 5.1 +/- 0.2 nmol L(-1), P=0.002), and vitamin E was reduced (6.40 +/- 0.05 vs. 6.67 +/- 0.11 microg mg(-1), P=0.03). At 3 months, BP was normalized (124 +/- 3/81 +/- 1, P < 0.0001 vs. baseline, P=ns versus controls), lag phase was prolonged (to 98 +/- 3 min, P=0.0005), MDA generation was reduced (5.6 +/- 0.1 nmol L-1, P = 0.001), and vitamin E was increased (6.53 +/- 0.05 microg mg(-1), P=0.003), with no significant differences between the randomized groups. CONCLUSIONS: In nondiabetic, nonobese, normolipidaemic patients with essential hypertension, LDL susceptibility to copper- and cell-mediated oxidation is increased. BP normalization is associated with a significant improvement, but not a full reversal, of this abnormality. 相似文献
10.
Beta-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance: results from the San Antonio metabolism (SAM) study 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
Gastaldelli A Ferrannini E Miyazaki Y Matsuda M DeFronzo RA;San Antonio metabolism study 《Diabetologia》2004,47(1):31-39
Aims/hypothesis Both insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction play a role in the transition from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) through impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The aim of the study was to define the level of glycaemia at which beta-cell dysfunction becomes evident in the context of existing insulin resistance.Methods Insulin response (OGTT) and insulin sensitivity (euglycaemic insulin clamp) were evaluated in 388 subjects in the San Antonio Metabolism (SAM) study (138 NGT, 49 IGT and 201 T2DM). In all subjects the insulin secretion/insulin resistance index (I/G÷IR) was calculated as the ratio of the increment in plasma insulin to the increment in plasma glucose during the OGTT divided by insulin resistance, as measured during the clamp.Results In lean NGTs with a 2-h plasma glucose concentration (2-h PG) between 5.6 and 6.6 and between 6.7 and 7.7 mmol/l, there was a progressive decline in I/G÷IR compared with NGTs with a 2-h PG less than 5.6 mmol/l. There was a further decline in I/G÷IR in IGTs with a 2-h PG between 7.8 and 9.3 and between 9.4 and 11.0 mmol/l, and in Type 2 diabetic patients with a 2-h PG greater than 11.1 mmol/l. Lean and obese subjects showed coincident patterns of relation of 2-h PG to I/G÷IR.Conclusion/interpreation When the plasma insulin response to oral glucose is related to the glycaemic stimulus and severity of insulin resistance, there is a progressive decline in beta-cell function that begins in normal glucose tolerant individuals.Abbreviations T2DM,
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- FPG,
fasting plasma glucose
- 2-h PG,
2-h plasma glucose
- EGP,
endogenous glucose production
- Ra,
rate of appearance
- TGD,
total glucose disposal
- IR,
insulin resistance 相似文献