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Balakrishnan V Unnikrishnan AG Thomas V Choudhuri G Veeraraju P Singh SP Garg P Pai CG Devi RN Bhasin D Jayanthi V Premalatha N Chacko A Kar P Rai RR Rajan R Subhalal N Mehta R Mishra SP Dwivedi M Vinayakumar KR Jain AK Biswas K Mathai S Varghese J Ramesh H Alexander T Philip J Raj VV Vinodkumar A Mukevar S Sawant P Nair P Kumar H Sudhindran S Dhar P Sudheer OV Sundaram KR Tantri BV Singh D Nath TR 《JOP : Journal of the pancreas》2008,9(5):593-600
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Joseph K Vinayakumar AR Criton S Vishnu MS Pariyaram SE 《Indian journal of medical microbiology》2011,29(4):431-433
Dirofilariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Dirofilaria, a parasite of domestic and wild animals. The disease is transmitted by inoculation of mosquitoes infected with the microfilariae during their blood meal. Accidental infection of man results in lung nodule, subcutaneous mass anywhere in the body or ocular lesion that may be subconjunctival or periorbital. The incidence of ocular dirofilariasis is on the rise in several parts of India particularly in Kerala. Here we report a case of ocular dirofilariasis with cellulitis presenting as a periorbital mass. 相似文献
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Sex-dependent metabolic, neuroendocrine, and cognitive responses to dietary energy restriction and excess 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Martin B Pearson M Kebejian L Golden E Keselman A Bender M Carlson O Egan J Ladenheim B Cadet JL Becker KG Wood W Duffy K Vinayakumar P Maudsley S Mattson MP 《Endocrinology》2007,148(9):4318-4333
Females and males typically play different roles in survival of the species and would be expected to respond differently to food scarcity or excess. To elucidate the physiological basis of sex differences in responses to energy intake, we maintained groups of male and female rats for 6 months on diets with usual, reduced [20% and 40% caloric restriction (CR), and intermittent fasting (IF)], or elevated (high-fat/high-glucose) energy levels and measured multiple physiological variables related to reproduction, energy metabolism, and behavior. In response to 40% CR, females became emaciated, ceased cycling, underwent endocrine masculinization, exhibited a heightened stress response, increased their spontaneous activity, improved their learning and memory, and maintained elevated levels of circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor. In contrast, males on 40% CR maintained a higher body weight than the 40% CR females and did not change their activity levels as significantly as the 40% CR females. Additionally, there was no significant change in the cognitive ability of the males on the 40% CR diet. Males and females exhibited similar responses of circulating lipids (cholesterols/triglycerides) and energy-regulating hormones (insulin, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin) to energy restriction, with the changes being quantitatively greater in males. The high-fat/high-glucose diet had no significant effects on most variables measured but adversely affected the reproductive cycle in females. Heightened cognition and motor activity, combined with reproductive shutdown, in females may maximize the probability of their survival during periods of energy scarcity and may be an evolutionary basis for the vulnerability of women to anorexia nervosa. 相似文献
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Sarthak Tandon Munish Gairola Parveen Ahlawat Sheh Rawat Archana Aggarwal Kanika Sharma Sandeep Tiwari Ahmad M. Karimi Vinayakumar Muttagi Nishtha Sachdeva Manindra Bhushan 《Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute》2018,30(3):107-115
Objectives
Comparison of two fractionation schedules of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for locally advanced head and neck cancer – simultaneous integrated boost (SIB-IMRT) and simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy (SMART) boost in terms of toxicity and survival end-point measures.Patients and methods
Sixty patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer were randomized in two treatment arms (SIB-IMRT [control arm] and SMART boost arm [study arm]). In the control arm, patients received 70, 63 and 56?Gy in 35 fractions to clinical target volumes (CTV) 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In the study arm, patients received 60 and 50?Gy to CTV 1 and CTV 3, respectively. Toxicities, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between both arms.Results
Baseline patient-related characteristics were comparable between the arms except for primary site of tumour. No significant differences were noted in acute toxicities between the arms except for fatigue which was statistically higher for control arm. No significant differences in 2-year late toxicities were observed. The median follow-up duration was 25.5 (range, 1.8–39.9) months. The 2-year PFS was 53.3% and 80.0% (p?=?0.028) for control and study arm, respectively. The 2-year OS was 60.0% and 86.7% (p?=?0.020) in control and study arms, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed clinical stage and site to be significant predictors for OS and PFS, respectively.Conclusions
The SMART boost technique can be a feasible alternative fractionation schedule that reduces the overall treatment time, maintaining comparable toxicity and survival compared with SIB-IMRT. 相似文献6.
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) synthesis is associated with the skin and peripheral nerve pathology of leprosy reversal reactions. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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S Khanolkar-Young N Rayment P M Brickell D R Katz S Vinayakumar M J Colston D N Lockwood 《Clinical and experimental immunology》1995,99(2):196-202
Leprosy may be complicated by episodes of increased cell-mediated immunity towards Mycobacterium leprae (reversal reactions) which result in severe local immunopathology in skin lesions and peripheral nerves. Using in situ hybridization and MoAb techniques we have demonstrated TNF-alpha mRNA and TNF-alpha protein in macrophages infiltrating leprosy skin and peripheral nerve. Levels of TNF-alpha mRNA are significantly increased in reactional skin and nerve, particularly in borderline tuberculoid patients. TNF-alpha mRNA and TNF-alpha protein levels are higher in reactional nerves then reactional skin. In both reactional skin and nerve TNF-alpha mRNA is more abundant than TNF-alpha protein; this may reflect the rapid turnover of TNF-alpha protein in an immunologically dynamic situation, such as is seen in reversal reaction. Our findings emphasize the importance of documenting both mRNA and protein production when assessing the role of cytokines in pathology. The leprosy reversal reaction may be regarded as a useful model of tissue immunopathology in which TNF-alpha is generated as part of the host response to infection, but also produces local tissue damage. 相似文献
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Mathew Philip Philip Augustine Varghese Thomas G. N. Ramesh K. R. Vinayakumar T. M. Ramachandran Ismail Siyad Roy J. Mukkada R. Sobhana Devi Antony P. Chettupuzha Varghese A. Jaison M. Ramesh P. Mahadevan Abraham Koshy the Kerala Inflammatory Bowel Disease Study Group 《Indian journal of gastroenterology》2017,36(6):459-467
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is considered uncommon in Asia. The aim of this study was to document the demographic characteristics and clinical aspects of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) in Kerala, India.Methods
A survey of IBD in Kerala was performed. All gastroenterologists in the region were invited. From May 2013 to October 2015, data were collected in a standardized pro-forma.Results
Forty-seven doctors in 34 centers contributed data. A total of 2142 patients were analyzed. This is the largest state-wide survey of IBD in India. Ulcerative colitis was diagnosed in 1112 (38 new), Crohn’s disease in 980 (53 new), and 50 were unclassified (5 new). The district-wise distribution of IBD cases correlated with the District-wise Gross State Domestic Product (r =?0.69, p <?0.01). Three percent was below the age of 18. Patients with UC had more diarrhea (73% vs. 51%), bleeding PR (79% vs. 34%), and intermittent flares (35% vs. 13%) (all p <?0.01). Patients with CD had more abdominal pain (62% vs. 46%), weight loss (53% vs. 40%), fever (28% vs. 18%), and history of antituberculosis treatment (21% vs. 5%) (all p <?0.01). Compared to adults, children (below 18 years) were more likely to have extensive UC (58% vs. 34%, p <?0.01) and unclassified IBD (15% vs. 2%, p <?0.01).Conclusion
Inflammatory bowel disease is common in Kerala, India. The disease characteristics of patients with IBD are almost similar to those from other parts of the country. Both UC and CD were seen in equal proportion in Kerala.9.
In the development of obesity, the source of excess energy may influence appetite and metabolism. To determine the effects of differences in diet composition in obesity, mice were fed either a high-carbohydrate diet (HC; 10% fat energy) or a high-fat energy-restricted diet (HFR; 60% fat energy) over 18 wk in weight-matched groups of mice. To identify obesity-associated genes with persistently altered expression following weight reduction, mice were fed either a standard low-fat diet (LF; 10% fat energy), an unrestricted high-fat diet (HF; 60% fat energy), or a HF diet followed by weight reduction (WR). Mice fed a HF diet had significantly greater gonadal fat mass and higher whole blood glucose concentrations than mice fed an HC diet. Of the mice fed a high-fat diet, total body weight and serum insulin concentrations were greater in HF than in HFR. Microarray analysis revealed that HF vs. HC feeding resulted in global differences in adipocyte gene expression patterns. Although we identified genes whose expression was altered in both moderately and severely obese mice, there were also a large number of genes with altered expression only in severe obesity. Formerly obese, WR mice did not differ significantly from lean controls in total body weight or physiological measures. However, microarray analysis revealed distinctly different patterns of adipocyte gene expression. Furthermore, there were 398 genes with altered expression in HF mice that persisted in WR mice. Genes with persistently altered expression following obesity may play a role in rebound weight gain following weight reduction. 相似文献
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B. C. Rajesh A. R. Vinayakumar John Mathai S. Valsaladevi P. Prathapan Nair 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》1998,50(4):387-389
Peripheral ameloblastoma is a rare tumour of oral cavity. It presents as a mass without bony continuity. Here we report a
unique case of peripheral ameloblastoma involving tongue, with review of relevant literature. 相似文献