Use of a dual lumen port for automated red cell exchange in adults with sickle cell disease

Red cell exchange (RCE) is a common procedure in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). Implantable dual lumen Vortex (DLV) ports can be used for RCE in patients with poor peripheral venous access. We performed a retrospective cohort study of RCE procedures performed in adults with SCD. The main objective of the study was to compare the inlet speed, duration of procedures and rate of complications performed through DLV ports to those performed through temporary central venous and peripheral catheters. Twenty‐nine adults with SCD underwent a total of 318 RCE procedures. Twenty adults had DLV ports placed and 218 procedures were performed using DLV ports. Mean length of follow‐up after DLV port placement was 397 ± 263 days. Six DLV ports were removed due to infection and 1 for malfunction after a mean of 171 ± 120 days. Compared to temporary central venous and peripheral catheters, DLV port procedures had a greater rate of procedural complications, a longer duration, and a lower inlet speed (all P < 0.01). When accounting for the maximum allowable inlet speed to avoid citrate toxicity, 40% of DLV port procedures were greater than 10% below maximum speed, compared to 7 and 14% of procedures performed through temporary central venous and peripheral catheters (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, DLV ports can be used for RCE in adults with SCD, albeit with more procedural complications and longer duration. The smaller internal diameter and longer catheter of DLV ports compared to temporary central venous catheters likely accounts for the differences noted. J. Clin. Apheresis 30:353–358, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

骨碎补化学成分和生物活性研究进展＊

骨碎补是历代临床常用中药，具有疗伤止痛、补肾强骨、消风祛斑等功效。其主要含黄酮、苯丙素、三萜、酚酸及其苷等类化学成分，现代研究表明骨碎补具有抗骨质疏松、促进骨折愈合、促软骨再生、护牙健齿、保护肾功能、抗炎、防治中毒性耳聋、降血脂等多种生物活性，开发前景广阔。本文对近年来骨碎补的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用研究进行综述，以期为骨碎补的进一步深入系统的研究和开发利用提供依据。     

精子冷冻环无保护剂玻璃化冷冻方法的初步研究

目的探讨精子冷冻环无保护剂玻璃化冷冻方法的可行性。方法正常精液标本上游处理后,进行常规冷冻和冷冻环无保护剂的玻璃化冷冻,复苏后分别从活力参数及电镜下超微结构等指标比较两种冷冻方法的效果。结果两种方法冷冻后精子存活率、活动率之间差异无显著性(48%∶48%;44.5%∶43.5%,P>0.05),但均较未冷冻的89%和88.5%明显下降(P<0.001)。超微结构亦较未冷冻时发生了一定的改变,但核结构基本保持完整。结论精子冷冻环无保护剂的玻璃化冷冻是一种简单、方便而行之有效的冷冻方法。     

骨调素和单核细胞趋化蛋白在大鼠梗阻性肾病中的表达及可能作用

目的:探讨骨调素(OPN)和单核细胞趋化蛋白(MCP-1)在大鼠梗阻性模型中的表达及其在肾脏纤维化发病机制中的作用.方法:采用-单侧输尿管结扎制造梗阻性肾病模型,分别于造模后7 d、14 d取肾组织,应用HE染色观察肾脏病理改变,免疫组化方法检测肾组织畔OPN和MCP-1蛋白的表达,应用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法观察肾组织中OPN mRNA和MCP-1 mRNA的变化.结果:OPN、MCP-1表达主要位于肾小管上皮细胞,随着梗阻时间的延长,肾组织中OPN、MCP-1蛋白和mRNA表达明显增加.结论:OPN、MCP-1蛋白和mRNA在梗阻性肾病大鼠肾组织表达明显增加介导炎症过程,参与肾间质纤维化.     

4132名少年儿童血压状况调查分析

目的了解7～14岁少年儿童血压特点,为流行病学及预防成人高血压提供参考数据。方法用统一标准采集血压及有关数据,用概率单位法行正态性检验,确定血压95%参考值范围,对年龄与血压和体质指数进行相关性分析,行U检验、t检验。结果随年龄增大血压也逐渐上升,各年龄段男女之间血压差异无统计学意义。体质指数随年龄增大而增加。血压偏高者其体质指数高于同年龄段中值水平。结论年龄与血压和体质指数呈正相关。血压偏高者体质指数都具有较高中值水平。     

IN VITRO ANALYSIS OF τ PHOSPHORYLATION SITES AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

INTRODUCTIONThemicrotubule－associatedprotein蚲ishyperphos－phorylatedandglycosylatedinAlzheimerdisease（AD），andtheseabnormalmodificationsformedthebasisofprogressivelyretrogradeneurofibrillarydegenerationseeninADbrainandtherebythedementia（１，２）．ADab－normallyphosphorylated蚲notonlyismicrotubuleas－semblyincompetent，butalsoinhibitsassemblyanddis－assemblesthepreassembledmicrotubulesinvitro（３）．Inthetangle－bearingneuronsinADbrain，thenormalcytoskeletonisdisruptedandreplacedwi…     

缺血性卒中复发与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性

目的 探讨缺血性卒中复发与幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染的关系。方法 随机将77例首次卒中发作时HP阳性患者分为抗HP治疗组和对照组，观察其复发情况。同时观察139例首次卒中HP阴性患者复发时HP感染情况。结果 39例HP阳性患者经抗HP治疗后复发率为15．4％，38例HP阳性虱未抗感染治疗复发率为39．4％，139例首次卒中时HP阴性患者卒中复发率为24．5％（P＜0．05）；在33例首次卒中发作HP阴性者在复发时，其HP检测阳性者21例，阳性率为63．4％（P＜0．05）。结论 HP感染是缺血性卒中复发的独立危险因素，积极防治HP感染可以减少卒中发作。     

中药“口康”含漱液体外抑菌试验和毒性试验研究

OBJECTIVE: To study the antibacterial activity of Chinese medicine kou-Kang mouthwash and its acute toxicity, and provide the basis of experiment and therapy for infectious diseases of the oral cavity. METHODS: Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of kou-Kang mouthwash were determined by the agar dilution method, and the acute toxicity was done. RESULTS: The range of MIC kou-Kang mouthwash against 27 Gram negative bacterial were 0.03-1.0 g.ml-1. MIC50 was 0.125 g.ml-1 and MIC90 was 0.125-0.5 g.ml-1. The range of MIC kou-Kang mouthwash against 21 Gram positive bacterial was 0.008-0.5 g.ml-1. The range of MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.015-0.125 g.ml-1 and 0.015-0.5 g.ml-1, respectively. The value of MIC was 0.015 g.ml-1 against candidia albicans. The acute toxic test indicated that the maximum tolerance dose was 417.6 g.kg-1 and 210 times as much as the clinical dose a day. No death of animals or toxicity and side-effect occurred in the test. CONCLUSION: Kou-Kang mouthwash shows a potent antibacterial activity against various pathogens of the oral cavity. Its antibiotic activity against Gram positive bacteria was 2-8 times stronger than that against Gram negative bacteria. It has low toxicity and can be used in clinical application.     

MMP-9和TIMP-1表达失衡与乳腺癌浸润、转移的相关性

目的 研究乳腺癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶（MMP－9）和金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子（TIMP－1）的表达变化与乳腺癌生物学行为及淋巴结转移的关系。方法 应用SP免疫组织化学方法检测85例乳腺癌组织MMP－9，TIMP－1及细胞增殖核抗原ki-67的表达情况。结果 MMP-9阳性染色率90．59％，MMP－9阳性表达与肿瘤浸润，淋巴结转移，ki-67指数及TNM分期呈正相关（Pearson列联系数分别为P=0.03,P=0.02,P=0.004和P＝0．0000，P＜0．05，0．01。TIMP－1阳性染色率为78．82％，TIMP－1阳性表达与肿瘤浸润，淋巴结转移及TNM分期浸润，转移及ki-67指数显著相关（P＜0．05，P＜0．01，P＜0．001）。结论 MMP－9和TIMP－1表达失衡与乳腺癌浸润及淋巴结转移密切相关。     

颊脂肪垫瓣在修复口腔颌面部缺损中的应用

目的探讨颊脂肪垫瓣在修复口腔颌面部缺损的应用和效果.方法将颊脂肪垫形成一蒂在后方的颊脂肪垫组织瓣转移至缺损区,在无张力下与创缘缝合,表面轻轻用碘仿纱布缝线包压法固定.用以修复口腔颌面部的良恶性肿瘤手术或损伤留下的缺损以及口腔上颌窦瘘共18例.其中修复腭部缺损2例,上颌骨切除后缺损7例,颊黏膜癌切除后缺损3例,颊部良性肿瘤切除后缺损4例,磨牙后区黏表癌切除后缺损1例,封闭拔牙后口腔上颌窦瘘1例.结果术后10 d去除碘仿纱布,见颊脂肪垫轻度水肿,2～4周后水肿明显消退,颊脂肪垫表面逐渐上皮化,6～8周内表面完全上皮化,3个月后再生黏膜与正常口腔黏膜相似.全部病例效果满意,无感染、坏死等并发症发生.结论带蒂颊脂肪垫瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损,方法简单、易行,效果满意,值得推广.