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F Lofaso F Nicot M Lejaille L Falaize A Louis A Clement J-C Raphael D Orlikowski B Fauroux 《The European respiratory journal》2006,27(5):980-982
Sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) measurement is a volitional noninvasive assessment of inspiratory muscle strength. A maximum of 10 sniffs is generally used. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the maximum SNIP improved after the tenth sniff. In total, 20 healthy volunteers and 305 patients with various neuromuscular and lung diseases were encouraged to perform 40 and 20 sniffs, respectively. The best SNIP among the first 10 sniffs was lower than the best SNIP among the next 10 sniffs in the healthy volunteers and patients. The SNIP improvement after the twentieth sniff was marginal. In conclusion, a learning effect persists after the tenth sniff. The current authors suggest using 10 additional sniffs when the best result of the first 10 sniffs is slightly below normal, or when sniff nasal inspiratory pressure is used to monitor a progressive decline in inspiratory muscle strength. 相似文献
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P F Plouin D L Clement H Boccalon J Dormandy I Durand-Zaleski G Fowkes L Norgren T Brown 《International angiology》2003,22(4):333-339
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) may cause hypertension, progressive renal failure, and recurrent pulmonary edema. It typically occurs in high risk patients with coexistent vascular disease elsewhere. Most patients with ARAS are likely to die from coronary heart disease or stroke before end-stage renal failure occurs. Recent controlled trials have shown that most patients undergoing angioplasty to treat renovascular hypertension still need antihypertensive agents 6 or 12 months after the procedure. Nevertheless, the number of antihypertensive agents required to control blood pressure adequately is lower following angioplasty than for medication alone. Trials assessing the value of revascularization for preserving renal function or preventing clinical events are only in the early recruitment phase. Revascularization should be undertaken in patients with ARAS and resistant hypertension or heart failure, and probably in those with rapidly deteriorating renal function or with an increase in plasma creatinine levels during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. With or without revascularization, medical therapy using antihypertensive, hypolipidemic and antiplatelet agents is necessary in almost all cases. 相似文献
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J. M. Bourre M. Clement J. Chaudiere 《Molecular and chemical neuropathology / sponsored by the International Society for Neurochemistry and the World Federation of Neurology and research groups on neurochemistry and cerebrospinal fluid》1987,7(2):91-97
In the brain of quaking and shiverer mutants, vitamin E content was normal when related to both wet weight and dry weight. When related to lipid extract, phosphorus, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E was slightly increased only in the quaking mutant. In the sciatic nerve from trembler mutants, vitamin E was 134% of control values in the dry material, but normal in relation to wet weight. It was 260% in the lipid extract and 716% based on phosphorus. In relation to total fatty acids, there was a threefold increase in trembler mutants. Interestingly, it was increased approximately three times when related to 18∶2 n?6, 20∶4 n?6, and 20∶5 n?3, and seven times when related to 22∶6 n?3. The fact that the amount of vitamin E in fresh weight was normal, suggests that vitamin E plays a role in some nonmembrane material, such as the extracellular matrix or the basal lamina. 相似文献
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