青海省碘缺乏病高危地区家庭主妇健康教育现况分析

为了解青海省碘缺乏病防治工作中高危地区家庭主妇健康教育的现况,提出具有针对性而有效的健康教育促进策略,根据2007年《西部碘缺乏病重点地区调查方案》的要求,2007年3-9月作者对青海省18个碘缺乏病高危地区的家庭主妇健康教育现况进行了调查,现将结果报道如下.     

青海省高砷水源地区砷中毒流行病学调查分析

目的掌握饮用高砷水地区居民砷中毒发病状况,为防治提供科学依据.方法以村为单位,采用整群拉网式调查.结果调查724人,发现可疑病人44人,轻度病人18例,砷中毒病人62例,患病率8.56%,确定饮水型砷中毒病区村2个.结论饮用高砷水后引起该病区(村)砷中毒发病,与发病水砷含量,年龄、居住年限、性别有密切的关系.     

2009年青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平调查

目的 了解青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平,为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法 2009年,选择以往调查中非碘盐率＞5％的德令哈市和碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率≤80％的久治县、乌兰县、囊谦县、杂多县、格尔木市、玉树县、甘德县、称多县、都兰县以及儿童尿碘中位数＜ 100 μg/L的湟源县共11个县（市）作为监测地区。每个县（市）按东、西、南、北、中抽取5个乡（镇）,每个乡（镇）抽取1所学校,每所学校抽取60名学生采集家中食用盐样,采用直接滴定法(GB/T 13025.7-1999)检测盐碘;同时在每个县（市）抽取3个乡（镇）,每个乡（镇）抽取2所学校,每所学校抽取40名8～10岁学生及学校周边20名18 ～40岁育龄妇女采集尿样,采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T 107-2006)检测尿碘。结果 共检测居民户食用盐样3261份,碘盐覆盖率为79.88％,碘盐合格率为95.16％,合格碘盐食用率为76.02％,非碘盐率为20.12％,囊谦县、杂多县、玉树县和格尔木市非碘盐率分别为88.89％、45.05％、43.00％和12.67％。共检测2536名8～ 10岁儿童尿样,尿碘中位数为155.8μg/L,其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占13.6％(346/2536),＞100 μg/L的占67.5％(1711/2536),囊谦县和杂多县儿童尿碘中位数分别为75.1、94.6 μg/L;共检测665名育龄妇女尿样,尿碘中位数为129.7 μg/L,其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占22.7％( 151/665),＞100 μg/L的占59.2％( 394/665),杂多县、囊谦县和称多县育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为21.0、54.7、72.7 μg/L。结论 青海省碘缺乏病高危地区儿童及育龄妇女存在碘摄入不足,应尽快纠正这些地区儿童和育龄妇女碘营养偏低状况。     

青海省海东地区2000年碘缺乏病监测报告

为了解和掌握青海省海东地区碘缺乏病 (IDD)防治现状 ,更好地规划下阶段的工作 ,我们于 2 0 0 0年 4～ 6月对海东地区所辖的平安、互助等 6个县的消除碘缺乏病阶段目标进行了评估 ,现将结果报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　调查对象 :在海东地区 (6县 )按 PPS法抽取 8～ 10岁儿童 10 71名 ,家庭主妇 15 6名1.2　调查内容 :检查儿童甲状腺 ,同时采集学生家中食盐 1195份 ,每县采集尿样 4 0份 ,进行碘含量的测定。1.3　检测方法 :采用触诊法 ,按卫 (地 )发 (1994 )年 5 6号《碘缺乏病消除诊断标准》,尿碘测定采用砷铈酸消化法 ,盐碘测定用直接…     

2003年青海省大骨节病病情监测及硒碘测定报告

为监测大骨节病(KBD)病情动态，为今后防治科研提供科学依据，按全国大骨节病监测方案要求，2003年在青海省贵德、兴海国家大骨节病监测点开展监测工作，同时对监测点硒、碘进行测定分析，结果如下。     

2007年青海省居民户碘盐及家庭主妇尿碘监测结果分析

根据<全国碘盐监测方案(20016年修订)>和<2007年在碘盐监测基础上开展以县为单位重点人群尿碘监测方案>的要求,2007年作者在青海省开展了居民户食用盐监测.同时根据2006年碘盐监测结果,选择非碘盐率问题突出的祁连县、乌兰县和格尔木市以及2006年没有上报监测数据的玉树州,开展家庭主妇尿碘监测.     

缺碘地区食盐加碘后孕产妇碘营养及甲状腺功能的观察

目的　了解缺碘地区食用合格碘盐后孕产妇碘营养状况及甲状腺功能 ,为妊娠和哺乳期是否需要额外补碘提供依据。方法　检测孕产妇在不同时期尿碘、耳垂血TSH值。结果　检测孕产妇尿碘 492人次、尿碘中位数 179.7μg/L ,其中农村为 165.7μg/L、城市为 2 0 4.2 μg/L ,均已达到正常需要量。检测孕产妇耳垂血TSH值489人次 ,中位数为 1.946mU/L ,其中 >5mU/L的占 6.7%。结论　在全民食盐加碘后 ,孕产妇碘摄入量可以满足机体需要量 ,机体碘营养状况良好 ,对这一特需人群无需额外补充碘制剂     

2009年青海省玉树州碘盐覆盖率较低地区8～10岁儿童碘营养水平监测分析

目的 了解青海省玉树州碘盐覆盖率较低地区8～10岁儿童碘营养水平,为制订防治措施提供科学依据.方法 2009年,在青海省玉树州非碘盐率较高的玉树、称多、囊谦、杂多4个县,每个县抽取3个乡,每个乡抽取2所小学,每所学校抽取40名8～10岁儿童,采集1次即时尿样,采用过硫酸铵-砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘.结果 囊欠县、杂多县8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数均<100μg/L.玉树县尿碘<50μg/L的比例>20%;囊欠县8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数均<100 μg/L并且<50μg/L的比例>20%;杂多县10岁儿童的尿碘中位数为81.5μg/L,8、9岁儿童尿碘<50μg/L的比例均>20%;玉树县9、10岁儿童尿碘<50μg/L的比例>20%;杂多县的女性儿童的尿碘中位数为87.1μg/L,男性儿童尿碘<50μg/L的比例>20%;玉树县女性儿童尿碘<50μg/L的比例>20%.结论 由于非碘盐的冲击,囊欠县、杂多县、玉树县的8～10岁儿童的碘营养水平处于很低的状态,建议该地区加强盐业市场管理,提高碘盐覆盖率及食用率,改善人群碘营养水平,有效预防碘缺乏病.

Abstract：

Objective An analysis was conducted to investigate the iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 - 10 in low-coverage area of iodized salt of Yushu Qinghai province for providing a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures. Methods Yushu, Chengduo, Nangqian and Zaduo counties with higher non-iodized salt coverage rate in Yushu Qinghai province were chosen as survey counties in 2009. Three townships were selected in each county, and 2 primary schools were selected in each township and 40 urine samples of children aged 8-10 were collected randomly in each primary school. The content of urinary iodine was analyzed by As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometery. Results Median urinary iodine of children aged 8 - 10 in Nangqian and Zaduo was < 100 μg/L. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L in Yushu was over 20%. Median urinary iodine of children aged 10 in Zaduo was 81.5 μg/L, the percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of children aged 9 and 10 was over 20%. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L in children aged 9 and 10 of Yushu was over 20%. Median urinary iodine of girls in Zaduo was 87.1 μg/L, the percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of boys in Zaduo was over 20%. The percentage of median urinary iodine < 50 μg/L of girls in Yushu was over 20%. Conclusions The iodine nutrition level of children aged 8 - 10 in Nangqian, Zaduo and Yushu counties were very low due to the impact of non-iodized salt. We propose salt market in the region to strengthen management and improve the coverage and consumption rates of iodized salt to improve the level of iodine nutrition for effective prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.     

格尔木市新生儿脐带血促甲状腺激素水平分析

为了了解新生儿脐带血促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平和借以简单评价碘缺乏病的危害状况,我们对青海省格尔木市地区医院出生的新生儿进行了脐带血TSH检测,其结果分析如下.     

2009年西宁市碘缺乏病防治效果调查

目的 掌握西宁市基本达到消除碘缺乏病阶段目标后,碘缺乏病的防治效果及人群碘营养状况.方法 2009年调查西宁市7个县(区),每个县(区)按东、西、南、北、中抽取5个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取1所学校,每所学校抽取80名8～10岁学生,采用触诊法检查儿童甲状腺肿大情况,采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法测定儿童尿碘,采用直接滴定法测定学生家中食用盐含碘量.结果 共抽检2919名8～10岁儿童,检出甲状腺肿大31名,甲状腺肿大率为1.06%(31/2919).共检测儿童尿样1078份,尿碘中位数为205.3μg/L,＜20 μg/L的占1.9%(20/1078),＜50 μg/L的占4.5%(48/1078).共检测2079份盐样,盐碘中位数为32.80 mg/kg,非碘盐率为0.87%(18/2079),碘盐覆盖率为99.13%(2061/2079),碘盐合格率为98.64%(2033/2061),合格碘盐食用率为97.79%(2033/2079).结论 西宁市碘缺乏病防治工作取得了明显成效,各项指标均达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准.

Abstract：

Objective To master iodine nutritional status of people after universal salt iodization in Xining that reached the stage goal of elimination iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In the 7 counties investigated of Xining in 2009, 5 towns were randomly selected in each county, and one school was randomly selected in each town, 80 children aged 8 to 10 were randomly selected in each school, and goiter were examined, urinary iodine and salt iodine were tested. Thyroid gland goiter of children was detected by thyroid palpation, children's urinary iodine was tested by As( Ⅲ )-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry, and salt iodine was tested by direct titration. Results A total of 2919 children aged 8 to 10 were examined, 31 goiter was detected, goiter rate was 1.06%(31/2919).One thousand and seventy-eight urine samples were detected, urinary iodine median was 205.3 μg/L, that lower than 20 μg/L accounted for 1.9% (20/1078), lower than 50 μg/L accounted for 4.5%(48/1078). Two thousand and seventy-nine salt samples were detected, median of salt iodine was 32.80 mg/kg, the rate of non-iodized salt was 0.87%(18/2079), the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.13%(2061/2079), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.64% (2033/2061), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.79% (2033/2079). Conclusions Prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has achieved remarkable results in Xining city, all indicators have reached the national standard to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.