基于雨课堂的临床流行病学教学改革与实践

目的探讨雨课堂在临床流行病学教学中的作用和效果。方法采用随机对照法在本科阶段无流行病学学习经历的临床专业硕士研究生中,使用雨课堂线上课前预习及课后随堂练习的功能,用于评价雨课堂线上功能的辅助教学效果。结果应用雨课堂线上功能干预组与对照组在基线、阶段小测和末考卷面成绩均无统计学差异;但对于主动学习,雨课堂参与度较高的学生成绩提高明显。结论雨课堂有利于理论性较强课程的学习,但是仍不能忽略课堂教学师生互动过程。     

产后产妇300例心理状态调查及应对措施

根据现代医学模式，健康的标准是躯体健康，心理健康和社会适应良好。妇女在妊娠期、分娩期和产褥期承受着躯体和精神上的巨大压力；产后由于身体的变化、社会角色的改变，对产妇的认知、情感、行为具有明显影响。焦虑是人们对环境中一些即将面临的，可能会造成危险和威胁的重大事件，或者要做出重大努力的情况中进行适应时，心理上出现紧张和一种不愉快的期待。探讨产后产妇的心理状态变化及其原因，采取有效的应对措施，以保证产妇的健康及至婴幼儿的健康成长。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的临床观察

目的:观察诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的疗效。方法:对10例应用诺和灵短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗的1型糖尿病患儿以超短效胰岛素诺和锐等量替代短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗1个月,观察HbA1c等代谢指标变化。结果:用诺和锐治疗后患儿餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c显著下降,P<0．01,平均下降值分别为3．51±1．10 mmol／L与0．64％±0．19％。胰岛素用量与血脂无明显变化,P>0．05。治疗期间未发现明显低血糖。结论:超短效胰岛素诺和锐替代短效胰岛素可进一步控制餐后血糖．并显著降低HbA1c,有利于血糖控制。     

论舒适护理的美学要求

基于舒适护理是人在生理、心理、社会、精神上达到的最愉快的状态，提出舒适护理的美学要求体现在生理、心理、社会和精神舒适等方面。     

NP方案治疗晚期肺鳞癌36例临床疗效

目的：观察NP方案治疗晚期肺鳞癌36例临床疗效。方法：应用NP（NVB＋DDP）方案，NVB30mg/m^2ivd1.8,DDP30mg/m^2ivgtt d1-3(适当水化）；21－28d为1个周期，至少治疗3个周期。结果：治疗肺鳞癌患36例，近期有效率为55．56％（20／36），初、复治有效率分别为60．7％和37．5％，结论：对不能手术的晚期肺鳞癌，NP方案是一个较为理想的治疗选择，可作为一线临床用药。