护理查房在手术室的应用

为适应专科护理的需要,提高操作技能和手术配合质量,手术室开展了多种形式的护理查房,激发了护士的工作积极性,提高了业务水平及工作质量。     

结肠癌致急性肠梗阻的处理

结肠癌为肠梗阻的常见原因，其处理方法尚有分歧。本文对结肠癌致肠梗阻的术式选择、吻合口瘘的预防及治疗进行了讨论。     

早期服用常乐康对新生儿抗生素相关性腹泻的影响

目的应用抗生素的同时,加用常乐康防止抗生素诱发肠道菌群失调。方法对新生儿感染住院的病人,自2006年1月至6月选择了50例,其中男27例,女23例,胎龄37-42w,体重2.5kg-4.0kg,新生儿肺炎31例,新生儿脐炎9例,新生儿败血症10例。作为对照组,与2007年1月至6月选择了50例,其中胎龄、性别、体重、疾病无统计学意义,作为治疗组。结果经过统计学处理χ^2检验P〈0.01,差别有显著性意义。其两组对比,使新生儿抗生素相关性腹泻发生率明显降低。结论合理使用抗生素,尽早缩短抗生素及常乐康的疗程是预防和控制抗生素相关性腹泻有效措施。     

地理信息系统（GIS）与空间分析在大山区血吸虫病传播与？…

探索四川省血吸虫病流行区人群感染，环境污染和地理因素之间的关系，并确定感染的高度危险区域，疫区及其影响范围，进而确定地理因素，社会因素和生物因素对血吸虫病传播的影响。方法以四川省西昌市血吸虫病防治实验区收集的资料为基础采用特殊分析法，缓冲地带确定法，网络分析法，相关和分类回归树法进行分析。     

Expressions of connexin and par-3 in the distal margin of rectal cancer after ultra-low anterior resection

This study examined the expression of connexin and protease-activated receptor 3 （par-3） in the distal resection margin of rectal cancer and the correlation of the expression of the two proteins with tumor relapse. A total of 40 patients with rectal cancer underwent ultra-low anterior resection with curved cutter stapler. The pathological specimens were divided into 3 groups in terms of sampling sites： tumor group, 2.0-cm group （in which the tissues were harvested 2.0 cm distal to the tumor tissues）, 3.0-cm group （in which the tissues were taken 3.0 cm away from the tumor tissues）. All the samples were pathologically observed and then measured for the expression of connexin and par-3 by employing immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The operations in this series went uneventfully. No anastomotic stoma bleeding, stenosis and death occurred postoperatively. Histopathologically, in the tumor group, epithelial cells lost normal pattern of arrangement and polarity, and were loosely connected and even detached. In the 3.0-cm group, the epithelia had normal appearance, obvious cell polarity and essentially intact cell junction. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting indicated that the 3.0-cm group had the strongest expression of connexin and par-3, and the expression in the 2.0-cm group and the tumor group was relatively weak. There existed significant difference in the expression of the two proteins among the three groups （P〈0.05 for all）. It was concluded that the down-regulated connexin and par-3 in the distal margin of rectal cancer tissues may indicate the progression of the disease and high likelihood of recurrence and metastasis. Although no tumor cells were found in the sections of the 2.0cm group, the decreased expression of connexin and par-3 may suggest the development of anaplasia and the increased odds of tumor relapse. Therefore, we are led to speculate that tumor resection only including 2.0 cm of unaffected rectum could not completely avoid the distant metastasis and local relapse.     

治疗破伤风246例的经验体会

破伤风是一种严重的急性特异性感染,多见于农民。其死亡率仍高,务须足够重视。我科自1962年～1983年共收治破伤风246例,现分析讨论如下。临床资料一、性别、年龄与职业:男184例,女62例。最小年龄1岁,最大年龄62岁,多数为15岁～45岁。98％为农民。     

戊型病毒性肝炎病程早期并发弥漫性血管内凝血1例

患者,女性,15岁,学生,汉族。以发热2d,呕吐、腹痛4d,鼻衄半小时主诉人院。入院前4d患者无明显诱因下自觉上中腹隐痛,同时有恶心、非喷射性呕吐10余次,吐物为胃内容,遂出现畏寒发热,自测体温达39．5℃,病后当天到当地医院就诊,予静脉补液和头孢曲松、地塞米松治疗无效。     

胃术后碱性反流性胃炎行Roux-en-Y吻合术式改进的体会

目的　探讨胃十二指肠溃疡术后碱性反流性胃炎 (alkalinerefluxgastritis,ARG)的手术治疗方法。方法　分析胃十二指肠球部溃疡病术后ARG病例 10例的诊治经过 ,有 4例次行胃空肠Roux en YI式手术治疗 ,8例次行胃空肠Roux en YII式手术治疗。结果　经胃空肠Roux en YI式治疗的 4例术后均出现不同程度的高位空肠梗阻表现 ,其中 2例经保守治疗治愈 ,另 2例改行胃空肠Roux en YII式 ;经胃空肠Roux en YII式治疗的 8例次术后未发生上腹烧灼痛、呕吐胆汁及梗阻等症状 ,恢复顺利 ,半年后经胃镜复查ARG明显改善。结论　改良Roux en YII式 ,设计更合理 ,操作简单 ,肠道行径流畅 ,避免了Roux en YI式的缺陷。     

手术室病理标本安全管理的重要性探讨

手术标本对病人的病情诊断及治疗有重大意义,作者结合实践中经验做法,从完善标本管理制度、标本的正确处理等方面探讨了如何加强病理标本的安全管理。