聚环氧氯丙烷／液晶复合富氧膜的研究

研究了聚环氧氯丙烷(PECHCH)/N(4-乙氧基苄叉)4-丁基苯胺(EBBA)复合膜对氧气和氮气的透过性和选择性。用示差扫描量热计(DSC)、解偏振光强仪(DLI和偏光显微镜考察了复合膜的形态结构。结果表明,当PECH/EBBA复合膜处于液晶的向列相转变温度时,有较高的气体透过性和选择性。发现只有复合膜中EBBA含量在30wt％以上,PECH和EBBA呈非均相混合时,才有较明显的富氧效果。当EBBA含量达50wt%时,氧氮分离系数α=3.78。     

Influence of Chemical Oxygen Demand Concentrations on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation by Granular Sludge From EGSB Reactor

INTRODUCTION The phenomenon of anaerobic ammonium oxidation was originally discovered in a denitrifying fluidized-bed reactor treating effluent from a methanogenic reactor in the 1990s[1]. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process is a strictly anaerobic denitrification process, in which ANAMMOX autotrophic bacteria directly oxidize ammonium to dinitrogen gas using nitrite as electron acceptor. In recent years, the anammox process has received great attention and lots of researc…     

Expression of CⅡTA Gene in Five Human Malignant Hematological Cell Lines and Its Significance

The role of MHC class Ⅱ transactivator (CⅡTA) in constitutive or IFN-γ inducib|e expression of HLA molecules in human malignant hematological cell lines was investigated. The expression of HLA molecules and CⅡTA protein was detected by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The expression of CⅡTA gene was determined by RT-PCR. The capability of peripheral blood T cell reaction stimulated by tumor cells was monitored by mixed lymphocyte reaction. It was found that the HLA Ⅱ-positive tumor cells expressed the CⅡTA quite well, andthe expression of HLA Ⅰ＋Ⅱ was increased in the tumor cells with constitutive or inducible expression of CⅡTA after induced by IFN-γ. The tumor cells which did not express CⅡTA after in-duced by IFN-γ were not response to the expression of HLA Ⅱ promoted by IFN-γ. It suggests a correlation between the inability of some malignant hematological cell lines in response to IFN-γ for HLA expression and the deficiency in the inducible expression of CⅡTA, indicating CⅡTA might take part in the regu|ation of HLA Ⅰ＋Ⅱ expression in the tumor cells, which might p|ay an important role in tumor immunologic escape.     

肝癌组织辅助性T细胞-2细胞因子强势分泌研究

目的　探讨人肝癌组织中辅助性T细胞亚群 (Th1/Th2 )细胞因子表达模式。方法　收集我科手术切除肝癌组织标本 15例 ,肝良性疾病或肝硬化门静脉高压手术患者肝组织标本 15例作为对照 ,β 肌动蛋白 (β actin)作为参照 ,采用半定量逆转录 聚合酶联反应 (RT PCR)方法检测人肝癌组织中γ 干扰素 (IFN γ)和白细胞介素 4(IL 4)mRNA的表达。结果　人肝癌组织中IFN γmRNA表达 (相对数 :1.18± 0 .3 1)比对照组肝组织中IFN γmRNA表达弱 (相对数 :1.86±0 .5 0 ) ,而IL 4mRNA表达 (相对数 :1.73± 0 .5 1)比对照组强 (相对数 :0 .94± 0 .41,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　人肝癌组织中Th1类细胞因子表达弱 ,Th2类细胞因子表达强 ,呈现Th2细胞因子表达模式 ,肝癌组织局部微环境处于免疫抑制状态 ,肿瘤细胞易发生免疫逃逸     

冷冻食品中损伤大肠菌群的修复探讨

目的：为了准确测定冷冻食品中大肠菌群含量。避免对冷冻损伤大肠菌群的漏检。方法：应用营养物质丰富的营养肉汤，对冷冻损伤的大肠菌群在接触选择性培养基前在37℃孵育2h。结果：营养肉汤在37℃孵育冷冻损伤大肠菌群2h后，选择性平皿上菌落数与非选择性平皿上菌落数相当，细菌未发生显著繁殖；在实际样品应用试验中，提高了大肠菌群阳性样品的检出率。结论：应用营养肉汤37℃孵育冷冻损伤大肠菌群2h，可使其得到良好的修复，此修复过程是对常规检测大肠菌群方法的改进和完善。     

秦巴山区野生与栽培猪苓菌核主要成分的测定

采用原子吸收分光光度法、高效液相色谱等方法对秦巴山区野生与栽培猪苓菌核的氨基酸、水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、矿质元素、猪苓多糖等主要成分及含量进行测定.结果表明,野生和栽培猪苓在所测定的17种氨基酸中,7种必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的质量分数分别为33.8%,23.6%.每100g野生与栽培猪苓菌核中水分质量分别为13.22g,11.94g;灰分质量分别为2.86g,2.61g;粗蛋白质量分别为6.87g,4.91g;粗纤维质量分别为27.62g,26.02g;粗脂肪质量分别为1.87g,1.71g;每100g野生和栽培猪苓质量分别为1.87g,1.71g;猪苓多糖质量分别为0.51g,0.40g.     

重症急性胰腺炎大鼠血清高迁移率族蛋白-1水平的时相变化及意义

目的 观察重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素19(IL-19)和高迁移率族蛋白-1(HMGBl)水平的时相变化，探讨HMGBl在SAP病程中的意义。方法采用胰管逆行灌注5％牛磺胆酸钠的方法复制大鼠SAP模型。随机分为正常对照组(N组，n=8)、假手术组(Sham组，n=8)和重症急性胰腺炎组(SAP组，n=80)。用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测各组动物血清TNF-α、IL-1β。用Westernblot法检测血清HMGBl水平。结果 SAP组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-1β在建模后迅速升高，约在4～6h达高峰，之后迅速下降，在建模12h即降至接近正常水平，一直维持至24和48h。SAP组大鼠血清HMGB1水平在建模后12h开始有明显升高，至24和48h仍维持在较高水平。结论 HMGB1可能作为晚期炎症因子参与了SAP的全身炎症反应。     

IL-13对小鼠哮喘模型气道黏蛋白基因Muc5ac及Bcl-2、Bax表达的作用

目的研究白细胞介素-13(IL-13)处理小鼠支气管哮喘(哮喘)模型前后肺组织黏蛋白基因Muc5ac、凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax表达的作用,探讨气道黏液过度分泌的机制.方法45只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组和IL-13组,每组15只.用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法和免疫组化法分别检测Muc5acmRNA、Muc5ac蛋白、Bcl-2蛋白以及Bax蛋白在肺组织的表达.结果哮喘组和对照组肺组织Muc5acmRNA分别为(0.1552±0.0057)和(0.0633±0.0013),Muc5ac蛋白分别为(0.8849±0.0257)和(0.1166±0.0064),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);IL-13组肺组织Muc5acmRNA和蛋白分别为(0.2807±0.0027)和(1.6138±0.0483),与哮喘组、对照组比较差异也均有统计学意义(P均<0.01).与对照组Bcl-2蛋白(0.3279±0.0136)、Bax蛋白(1.7284±0.0263)相比,哮喘组分别增加和降低(分别为0.8383±0.0310和0.8987±0.0106),两组差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);IL-13处理后可分别促进Bcl-2和Bax蛋白增加和降低(分别为1.6934±0.0229和0.3522±0.0152),其和哮喘组的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);哮喘组和IL-13组小鼠肺组织Muc5acmRNA、蛋白表达与Bcl-2蛋白表达均呈直线正相关(P均<0.05),而与Bax蛋白表达则均呈直线负相关(P均<0.05).结论IL-13是引起哮喘气道黏液过度分泌的重要细胞因子,它可能通过改变Bcl-2和Bax的表达导致了上述病变.     

膜型/分泌型MICA对NK细胞受体NKG2D的相反调节效应及其对NK细胞受体谱的影响

目的　观察膜型和分泌型MICA对NK细胞受体表达的影响 ,以探讨NK细胞抗肿瘤活化机制及肿瘤细胞表达MICA分子的意义。方法　用MTT法测定人NK细胞系 (NK92 )的细胞毒活性 ;用RT PCR或FACS检测NK细胞受体 (NKG2D ,NKG2A B ,KIR2DL1,KIR2DS1)及NKG2D的识别配体MICA的表达。结果　肿瘤细胞表面的MICA分子可上调NKG2D的表达 ,下调抑制性受体NKG2A B和KIR2DL1的表达 ;而分泌型MICA (sMICA)分子对NKG2D及抑制性受体的表达均有抑制作用。结论　膜型MICA分子可上调NKG2D的表达 ,激发NK细胞对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒效应 ;分泌型MICA分子则通过降低NKG2D的表达下调机体的抗肿瘤免疫效应 ,肿瘤细胞分泌sMICA分子为肿瘤发生免疫逃逸的机制之一。     

Fast MR Spectroscopic Imaging Technologies and Data Reconstruction Methods

MRSI plays a more and more important role in clinical application. In this paper, we compare several fast MRSI technologies and data reconstruction methods. For the conventional phase encoding MRSI, the data reconstruction using FFT is simple. But the data acquisition is very time consuming and thus prohibitive in clinical settings. Up to now, the MRSI technologies based on echo-planar, spiral trajectories and sensitivity encoding are the fastest in data acquisition, but their data reconstruction is complex. EPSI reconstruction uses shift of odd and even echoes. Spiral SI uses gridding FFT. SENSE-SI, a new approach to reducing the acquisition time, uses the distinct spatial sensitivities of the individual coil elements to recover the missing encoding information. These improvements in data acquisition and image reconstruction provide a potential value of metabolic imaging as a clinical tool.