龙胆紫染色用于分析精子存活率的方法学研究

目的:探讨龙胆紫染色区分存活精子和死亡精子可能性,以提供一种判定精子存活率的新方法,为男性精液检测和质量评价提供依据。方法:采用不同浓度的龙胆紫溶液对精液样本染色,在光学显微镜下观察染色结果,讨论区分存活精子和死亡精子的标准,并计数一定数量的总精子数,计算存活率,并将计算结果与标准方法比较。结果:经过龙胆紫溶液(0.05%,M/V)染色后在显微镜下存活精子呈现淡蓝色,而死亡精子呈现深紫色,计算获得的存活率与伊红染色法(0.5%,M/V)的结果比较差异统计学意义(t=0.862,双侧P=0.403)。结论:一定浓度的龙胆紫染色后能够清楚地区分存活精子和死亡精子,该法获得的精子存活率结果可靠,龙胆紫染色法可以作为一种新的分析精子存活率的方法。     

拉萨市区中老年糖尿病患者健康教育需求调查

目的 了解拉萨市区中老年糖尿病患者的健康意识,为今后该人群提高自我保健意识提供理论论据。方法 在居民集中区对4853例藏族中老年人进行了饮食结构、体力活动、问卷调查及空腹、餐后2小时血糖和/或葡萄糖耐量检查。结果 人们对糖尿病的认识程度较低,与当地的地理环境和居民的文化程度有一定关系。结论 拉萨市区中老年人群糖尿病患者健康意识薄弱,加强对该人群健康教育的普及意义重大。     

腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术的安全性和有效性研究

目的探讨腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术(LPD)的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2014年5~12月于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院胆胰外科完成的60例胰十二指肠切除术患者的围术期临床资料,其中LPD 30例,开腹胰十二指肠切除术(OPD)组30例。比较两组患者围术期结果间的差异。结果 LPD组患者手术时间长于OPD组[(542.6±58.6)min vs(383.1±64.6)min,P0.001)],但术中出血量更少[(190.3±192.0)ml vs(373.3±363.8)ml,P=0.018)],术中输血率更低(30%vs 66.7%,P=0.004),术后胃排空延迟发生率更低(6.7%vs 26.7%,P=0.038),入住科室ICU时间[(2.3±0.9)d vs(5.0±0.9)d,P0.001)]及住院时间[(14.7±1.2)d vs(18.5±2.1)d,P0.001)]更短,肿瘤直径更小[(2.6±0.7)cm vs(3.9±2.4)cm,P=0.009)]。两组患者术后胰瘘、胆瘘、出血、腹腔感染/脓肿、切口感染、二次手术率、总并发症发生率、病死率、手术切缘(R0切除率)、术中切除淋巴结数、阳性淋巴结数、血管浸润率及肿瘤分化程度间比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论 LPD虽手术复杂、难度大,然对经验丰富的胰腺外科医师而言,该术式是安全有效的。     

老龙皮多糖的研究

老龙皮经热水提取,乙醇沉淀及进一步精制得LOK(Lobaria kurokauae)多糖,经SephadexG-75柱层析为一组均一多糖,糖含量为82.4％。气相色谱分析含有鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖。其克分子比为1.00:1.34:1.12:10.13:6.99:6.47。经Sephadex G-200柱层析测定,平均分子量为1.5×10~4。经高碘酸氧化,Smith降解,有甲酸、丙三醇、丁四醇生成,红外光谱在842cm~(-1)有吸收,说明LOK多糖结构主要以α(1→4)、a(1→6)苷键连接而成的杂多糖。     

乙型肝炎病毒相关肾小球肾炎的研究进展

慢性HBV感染人群十分庞大,患者均有可能出现乙型肝炎病毒相关肾小球肾炎(HBV-GN).HBV-GN是指由HBV感染导致的免疫复合物性肾小球疾病,主要的临床表现为蛋白尿、血尿和高血压.临床上常对HBV-GN未予以足够重视,导致漏诊误诊.本文就HBV-GN发病机制、临床表现、疾病进展及治疗的相关研究进展做一综述,以期提高HBV-GN的临床诊疗水平.     

Chemical constituents of the whole plants of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saussurea medusa</Emphasis>

The chemical constituents of the traditional Tibetan medicine of Saussurea medusa Maxim. (Compositae) were investigated and a new flavonoid glucoside, together with 14 known compounds, was isolated. The structure of the new compound was established as 6″-O-crotonoylhomoplantaginin by using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analyses.     

维医辨证治疗冠心病心绞痛的研究进展

通过维医药辨证分型,对辨证治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效作出了综述,指出其仍需要临床分析并加以报道。     

Development of an HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) method for quantitative analysis of Saussurea tridactyla

An improved HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) method has been developed to simultaneously quantify eight major compounds in Saussurea tridactyla Sch.-Bip. ex Hook. f. which has long been used as a traditional Tibetan medicine. This method was validated to be sensitive, precise and accurate with the LODs of 0.11-5.01 microg/ml, the overall intra-day and inter-day variations less than 2.70%, and the overall recovery over 98.0%, respectively. The correlation coefficients (r(2)) of the calibration curves were higher than 0.991. This newly established method was successfully applied to reveal the difference in the chemical profiles and contents of these analyses in S. tridactyla from different localities. In addition, by comparison UV and MS spectra with those of authentic compounds and literatures, a total of fourteen peaks were identified. It can be concluded that this method was effective to ensure the safety and efficacy consistency of S. tridactyla, and can be applied to other traditional Tibetan medicinal plants from different resources in Tibet.     

孕中期唐氏筛查及诊断的结果分析

目的 探讨女性妊娠中期唐氏筛查对宫内诊断的临床价值以及对不同年龄段的异常率差异分析.方法 采用磁微粒化学发光法对14 742例妊娠中期女性进行血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、游离β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(f-β-HCG)和游离雌三醇(uE3)检测,并计算风险值.结果 621例孕妇筛查结果为高风险,阳性率为4.21%,检出NTD高风险孕妇378例,筛查阳性率为1.40%,检出爱德华综合征(Es)高风险孕妇36例,筛查阳性率为0.24%(36/14 742),在不同年龄的高风险分组中,大于或等于35岁组与其他组别作统计比较,唐氏综合征(Ds)风险率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各年龄组胎儿神经管缺陷(NTDs)风险率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 产前筛查对于宫内诊断具有重要的临床价值,高风险对产前诊断起重要的指导作用.