钙化牙本质中神经分布的研究

目的：研究牙本质神经的分布,为牙本质的感觉机制寻找组织学的基础。方法：用健康、发育成熟、新鲜的离体人恒牙做标本。经过EDTA脱钙制成切片。先行染色,后采用光学显微镜及透射电镜进行观察。结果：发现神经纤维及其末梢分布于钙化本质全层,直至釉牙本质界,近表面神经末特别密集。其末梢在光镜下呈结节状或串珠状。电镜下见该结节是神经微纤维分散到组织中,或两末梢的相互吻合。结论：牙本质神经分布的研究结果为牙本质感觉的神经机制学说找到了组织学的基础。     

慢性支气管炎性急性发作期危重病人外周血B和T细胞CD分子的检测

目的 对慢性支气管炎急性期和缓解期患者外周血B细胞和T细胞CD分子检测并了解其变化。方法 用荧光单抗CD19^ 、CD4^ 、CD8^ ／CD28^ 对B细胞和T细胞亚群进行标记和记数。结果 慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者与缓解期患者相比,体内辅助性T淋巴细胞无明显变化,抑制性T淋巴细胞增加,细胞毒性T淋巴细胞减少,B淋巴细胞二者间无差异。结论 因慢性支气管炎急性期危重病人T淋巴细胞亚群变化,造成免疫功能紊乱。因此,在治疗疾病过程中,除对症处理外,另须配合使用提高免疫功能的药物,改善免疫功能。     

Physician Response to Prenatal Substance Exposure

Objectives: To examine physician responses to suspected prenatal substance exposure and the reasons underlying these responses. Methods: National mail survey of practicing obstetricians and pediatricians who see neonates. Response rate: 63%. Results: More than 70% of physicians reported having ever suspected prenatal substance exposure. Response rates did not vary by specialty. Twenty-seven percent reported that they had never suspected prenatal substance exposure. The most common lifetime pattern (60%) was some response whenever prenatal substance exposure was suspected; next most common was no suspicion (27%). Just over 10% had a discretionary response: acting in some cases of suspected prenatal substance exposure but ignoring others. Two percent consistently ignored their suspicions. Getting help for the patient and protecting the fetus were the most common reasons to act. Among those who had ignored their suspicions, lack of sufficient evidence of substance use was the most often cited reason. There were some important specialty differences in reasons for response and non-response and in specific responses likely to be taken. Obstetricians are far more likely to provide the patient with information and get a substance use history; pediatricians are more inclined to involve outsiders. Conclusions: Obstetricians and pediatricians seem quite willing to act on their suspicions of prenatal substance exposure, and generally respond by taking positive actions. Specialty differences are few and reflect practice differences.     

鼻窦炎口服液治疗家兔实验性上颌窦炎

目的探讨鼻窦炎口服液对家兔实验性急性化脓性上颌窦炎的疗效.方法采用改良后的Hinni造模法建立家兔急性化脓性上颌窦炎模型.予以鼻窦炎口服液高、低剂量灌胃治疗,并设立空白组、模型组、西药(青霉素Ⅴ钾灌胃)组作为对照.观察模型家兔血白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞(N)百分比、血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)浓度,光镜观察窦腔黏膜炎症情况及窦腔分泌物细菌培养.结果模型兔白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞(N)百分比增加,光镜下窦腔黏膜充血、水肿、纤毛脱落等.经鼻窦炎口服液低剂量治疗后,家兔白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞(N)百分比在正常范围,光镜下窦腔黏膜正常等,与青霉素Ⅴ钾相比,无显著性差异.鼻窦炎口服液高剂量治疗后,上述病理改变有明显改善.结论鼻窦炎口服液的临床治疗量可消除急性化脓性鼻窦炎家兔全身及局部的炎症反应.     

长链非编码RNA SERTAD1-1在结直肠癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA-癌基因SEI1-1（lnc-SERTAD1-1）对结直肠癌增殖、迁移及预后的影响。方法 选取125例结直肠癌患者的标本,检测癌组织和癌旁正常组织中lnc-SERTAD1-1的表达水平,分析lnc-SERTAD1-1与临床病理特征的相关性,分析lnc-SERTAD1-1对结直肠癌预后的影响。检测正常人结肠组织细胞CCD-18Co与人结直肠癌细胞HCT15中lnc-SERTAD1-1的表达。慢病毒转染构建含有目的基因lnc-SERTAD1-1过表达的HCT15（HO）及含有空白载体质粒的HCT15（HOC）,检测其lnc-SERTAD1-1以及SERTAD1蛋白的表达,并检测lnc-SERTAD1-1对结直肠癌细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响。结果 与癌旁正常组织比较,lnc-SERTAD1-1在结直肠癌组织（0.002 198±0.000 499 vs. 0.002 998±0.000 392,P < 0.001）和癌细胞（0.000 123±0.000 010 vs. 0.000 182±0.000 012,P = 0.004）中呈低表达水平 ;其表达高低与结直肠癌患者的肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小及肿瘤的大体分型相关（P均< 0.05）。在125例结直肠癌患者中,lnc-SERTAD1-1高表达（≥0.000 970）是其术后总生存及无病生存的独立保护因素（总生存HR = 0.228,95% CI：0.107 ~ 0.485,P < 0.001;无病生存HR = 0.228,95% CI：0.103 ~ 0.506,P < 0.001）。体外实验显示lnc-SERTAD1-1表达上调能抑制结直肠癌细胞的增殖和迁移（P均< 0.05）。结论 lnc-SERTAD1-1通过抑制结直肠癌细胞的增殖和迁移发挥抑癌基因的作用,是结直肠癌重要的预后影响因素。     

Onion and garlic extracts as potential antidotes for cadmium‐induced biochemical alterations in prostate glands of rats

Cadmium (Cd) has been implicated in increased prostate gland malignancy risk in both wildlife and humans. This study examines the chemoprotective roles of onion and garlic extracts on Cd‐induced biochemical alterations in the prostate glands of rats. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups: control group received double distilled water; Cd group received Cd alone (1.5 mg/100 g bwt per day); extract‐treated groups were pre‐treated with varied doses of onion and/or garlic extract (0.5 ml and 1.0 ml/100 g bwt per day) for 1 week and then co‐treated with Cd (1.5 mg/100 g bwt per day) for additional 3 weeks. Oxidant/antioxidant status and acid phosphatase (ACP_total and ACP_prostatic) activity were examined in prostate glands. Cd intoxication caused a marked (P < 0.001) increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) levels, whereas glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were markedly (P < 0.001) decreased. We also observed significant (P < 0.001) decrease in ACP_total and ACP_prostatic activities in prostate glands and a concomitant significant (P < 0.001) increase in the plasma. However, treatment of Cd‐intoxicated rats with onion and/or garlic extract significantly minimised these alterations. The onion extract offered a dose‐dependent protection. Our findings suggest a chemoprotective capability for onion and garlic extracts against Cd‐induced biochemical alteration in the prostate glands.     

精神分裂症患者内隐攻击性对照研究

目的：探讨精神分裂症患者的内隐攻击性,为临床干预提供依据。方法将216例精神分裂症患者设为患者组,112名健康志愿者设为对照组。采用偏好组词法测评两组内隐攻击性,采用暴力攻击行为筛查标准筛查患者组的暴力行为,采用简明精神病量表评定患者的精神症状,冲动性量表、攻击性量表评定患者的冲动攻击性人格特点。结果有暴力攻击行为组简明精神病量表总分、思维障碍、激活性、敌对猜疑及行为紊乱因子分均显著高于无暴力攻击行为组（P＜0．05或0．01）,冲动性量表总分及行动分量表因子分显著高于无暴力攻击行为组（P＜0．01）,攻击性量表总分及各因子分均显著高于无暴力攻击行为组（ P＜0．05或0．01）。患者组与对照组及有暴力攻击行为组与无暴力攻击行为组偏好组词法测评攻击性词及身体攻击性词和语言攻击性词评分比较差异均无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论精神分裂症患者较正常人有更多的暴力攻击行为,其原因是由精神症状及性格缺陷所致。     

High-level gentamicin resistance mediated by a Tn4001-like transposon in seven nonclonal hospital isolates of Streptococcus pasteurianus

We report on the first occurrence of high-level gentamicin resistance (MICs > or = 512 microg/ml) in seven clinical isolates of Streptococcus pasteurianus from Hong Kong. These seven isolates were confirmed to be the species S. pasteurianus on the basis of nucleotide sequencing of the superoxide dismutase (sodA) gene. Epidemiological data as well as the results of pulse-field gel electrophoresis analysis suggested that the seven S. pasteurianus isolates did not belong to the same clone. Molecular characterization showed that they carried a chromosomal, transposon-borne resistance gene [aac(6')Ie-aph(2')Ia] which was known to encode a bifunctional aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme. The genetic arrangement of this transposon was similar to that of Tn4001, a transposon previously recovered from Staphylococcus aureus and other gram-positive isolates. Genetic linkage with other resistance elements, such as the ermB gene for erythromycin resistance, was not evident. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that routine screening for high-level gentamicin resistance should be recommended for all clinically significant blood culture isolates. This is to avoid the inadvertent use of short-course combination therapy with penicillin and gentamicin, which may lead to the failure of treatment for endocarditis, the selection of drug-resistant Streptococcus pasteurianus and other gram-positive organisms, as well as the unnecessary usage of gentamicin, a drug with potential toxicity.