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Effects of immobilization and footshock stress on locomotor activity in different areas of an open field were examined in mice. Center region activity, peripheral region activity and total activity were used as measurement indices. These results indicate that both immobilization and footshock stress significantly increased total activity across 24 min of behavioral testing. Further analyses revealed that the difference in total activity between the experimental and control groups were mainly attributal to an increase in center region activity. Both stress manipulations markedly augmented peripheral region activity for only the first 6 min. More important, when the proportion of center to peripheral activity was used as an index, both experimental groups manifested an inverted U shape relationship with the maximum effect occurring between 13-18 min of behavioral testing. Similarities of these activity measures in response to different stressors suggests that common neurochemical and/or neurohormonal mechanisms may mediate these behavioral changes. 相似文献
3.
M. R. Wang C. Y. Chai J. S. Kuof 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》1994,21(1):21-29
1. In chloralose-urethane anaesthetized cats, the dorsal cardiovascular reactive area (DCRA) in the parvocellular reticular nucleus dorsomedial to the facial nucleus, and the ventral cardiovascular reactive area (VCRA) ventromedial to the facial nucleus, were stimulated by microinjections of sodium glutamate (100–200 nmol) or electric current. 2. Stimulation of DCRA, with a long latency of 15–20 s, elicited a marked increase of blood flow in the contralateral femoral artery with little change to moderate increase in systemic arterial blood pressure (ABP). In the relatively dorsal portion of DCRA, however, a smaller increase of blood flow in the ipsilateral femoral artery was elicited. 3. On the other hand, stimulation of VCRA with a short latency (3–5 s) evoked an increase of blood flow in both femoral arteries which was more prominent on the contralateral side. The responses were accompanied with decreases in the blood flow of other vascular beds with only a slight increase or minimal change in ABP. 4. The data suggest that DCRA and VCRA are both viscerotopically organized to alter the resistance of individual vascular beds for redistribution of blood flow. 相似文献
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J K Chai 《中华整形烧伤外科杂志》1990,6(3):213-6, 239-40
The present study was carried out with the aim of elucidating the effect of administration of antioxidants vitamin E, Rubiside, and Rubiquinone on neutrophil function in burns. The experimental results showed that the survival rates of the animals were higher in antioxidant Rubiside and Rubiquinone treatment groups, as compared with control group 7 days post-burn. In the control group, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of blood was markedly decreased, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum were sharply increased, neutrophil chemiluminescence (PMN-CL), neutrophil (PMN) phagocytic rate and phagocytic index were markedly decreased (P less than 0.05) after fluid resuscitation for the observation period of 7 days, as compared with that before resuscitation. It was also found that significant negative correlation existed between MDA levels of serum and PMN phagocytic rate (P less than 0.01) in the control group. On the contrary, after the administration of antioxidant agent vitamin E, Rubiside or Rubiquinone in three different groups, SOD activity was markedly higher, MDA levels were markedly lower, and PMN-CL, PMN phagocytic rate were higher as compared with that of the control group. The experiment suggests that antioxidants could be used as an adjunct in the resuscitation of burn shock, especially in cases when resuscitation is delayed because of various reasons. 相似文献
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作者用红细胞C_3b受体花环试验和红细胞免疫复合物花环试验对马桑内酯所致癫痫发作大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能的变化进行了观察,结果表明,癫痫组动物红细胞C_3b受体花环率明显低于对照组,而红细胞免疫复合物花环率相差不显著.提示癫痫发作可导致大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能降低,因此在癫痫治疗中注意调整和增强患者的红细胞免疫功能具有重要意义。 相似文献
8.
W W Storms C W Bierman H Chai R J Dockhorn P Eggleston E F Ellis C Feldman J N Fink M P Hemstreet W T Kniker 《The Journal of asthma》1991,28(5):369-379
This multiclinic study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of metaproterenol sulfate (Alupent) metered dose inhaler in children with asthma ages 5 to 12 years. A total of 268 children completed this study according to the protocol, having received either metaproterenol or placebo for 30 consecutive days. Full spirometric testing was done pre- and postdose on Days 1 and 30 for a total duration of 6 hours on each day. The results showed that metaproterenol was consistently superior to placebo in all pulmonary function parameters measured on Days 1 and 30. This difference was statistically significant for peak values and areas under the curves for both FEV1 and FEF25-75%. There were no significant side effects noted. We conclude that metaproterenol metered dose inhaler is safe and effective in the treatment of asthma in children ages 5 to 12 years. 相似文献
9.
Paralytic toxicity was detected by tetrodotoxin (TTX) bioassay in all 15 specimens of the xanthid crab Lophozozymus pictor collected from northern Taiwan in 1993. The average toxicity of crab specimens was 921 ± 231 (mean ± S.E.) mouse units. The toxin of crab was partially purified and then identified. It was found that the crab toxin contained TTX and gonyautoxin. The ratio of TTX to gonyautoxin for crab toxin was about 9:1. 相似文献
10.
C Y Chai A M Lin C K Su S R Hu C Yuan L S Kao J S Kuo D S Goldstein 《Journal of the autonomic nervous system》1991,33(1):35-46
Effects of stimulation of brainstem sites on hemodynamics and plasma catecholamine levels were assessed in cats under chloralose-urethane anesthesia. Pressor areas of the dorsal medulla (DM) and ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and the depressor area of the paramedian reticular nucleus (PRN) were stimulated electrically using a monopolar electrode, or chemically using sodium glutamate microinjection. Plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) were measured in caval blood above the adrenal veins. Electrical stimulation of the DM and VLM produced increases in blood pressure and in plasma NE and EPI levels that were enhanced after acute vagotomies. The NE and EPI responses were attenuated after acute, bilateral adrenalectomies, confirming augmented adrenomedullary secretion, whereas the pressor responses were intact. Injection of sodium glutamate into the same pressor regions of the DM or VLM also produced pressor responses and elevated plasma catecholamine levels, indicating that the responses resulted from activation of neuronal perikarya. Stimulation of the PRN attenuated pressor and catecholamine responses during stimulation of the DM and VLM. The results indicate that pressor responses during stimulation of the DM and VLM are due at least partly to activation of perikarya in these regions, are associated with but not dependent on adrenomedullary activation, and are enhanced after vagotomy; and that neurons of the PRN exert inhibitory modulation of the pressor and adrenomedullary responses during stimulation of VLM and DM. 相似文献