新疆哈密地区第二人民医院2013年51例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：了解哈密地区第二人民医院药品不良反应（ADR）的发生情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：对2013年该院13个科室自发上报的51例ADR报告进行回顾性分析。结果：51例ADR报告中,男性略多于女性,高发年龄段为41～60岁（29.41％）,60岁以上的老年人占45.1％。引发ADR的主要药品类别为抗菌药物、中药制剂、营养支持药。引发ADR的给药途径以静脉滴注为主。ADR的临床表现以皮肤及附件损害最常见;ADR程度以一般的和新的一般的ADR为主。结论：定期对医院ADR报告进行评估、分析,在药物治疗中加强用药监护,有助于预防和减少ADR的发生。     

调脂治疗对缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉斑块的影响

目的:探讨调脂治疗对缺血性脑血管病(ICVD)患者颈动脉斑块的影响。方法:78例有颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的ICVD患者随机分为血脂康组和对照组:血脂康组口服血脂康及阿司匹林6个月,对照组仅口服阿司匹林。观察并比较2组治疗前、后颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、血流阻力指数(RI)及血脂、血清一氧化氮(NO)、氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)水平的变化。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后血脂康组胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、ox-LDL水平明显下降,颈动脉IMT、RI明显变小,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、NO水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组治疗前、后各指标无明显变化。结论:调脂治疗对ICVD患者具有保护血管内皮及稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块的作用。     

新疆乌鲁木齐市7~9岁维吾尔族儿童第一恒磨牙患龋情况调查

目的：了解新疆乌鲁木齐市7~9岁维吾尔族儿童第一恒磨牙患龋状况,为新疆维吾尔族儿童口腔卫生保健提供参考。方法：参照第3次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,按照世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》,由2名口腔科医师对新疆乌鲁木齐市1600名7~9岁维吾尔族儿童第一磨牙患龋情况进行检查并记录,采用SPSS16.0软件包进行数据分析,对检查结果进行χ²检验与t检验。结果：新疆维吾尔族儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率为26.50%,龋均0.44,其中女孩患龋率为30.00%,恒牙龋均0.47,男孩患龋率为22.98%,恒牙龋均0.41,女孩患龋率高于男孩(P<0.05)。随着年龄增长,维吾尔族儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率逐渐升高,9岁儿童患龋率显著高于7岁和8岁儿童(P<0.05)。结论：新疆乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族小学生的第一恒磨牙患龋情况较为严重,应加强对维吾尔族儿童口腔卫生保健的早期健康宣传与指导。     

血浆B型利钠肽水平对非ST段抬高性急性冠脉综合征患者预后的预测价值

目的评估血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)水平对非ST段抬高性急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者预后的预测价值。方法入选NSTE-ACS患者180例,所有患者于发病第24小时采用免疫荧光法测定血浆BNP水平,根据24 hBNP水平将患者分为血浆BNP≥80 ng/L组与BNP<80 ng/L组。对所有患者随访6个月,观察早期BNP水平与随访6个月主要不良心血管事件发生的关系。结果随访6个月,180例患者中有42例(23%)患者发生主要不良心血管事件,血浆BNP≥80 ng/L组患者主要不良心血管事件发生率明显高于BNP<80 ng/L组患者(P=0.003),在校正了年龄、性别、高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟及左室射血分数等影响预后的危险因素后,NSTE-ACS患者入院早期血浆BNP水平≥80 ng/L与随访6个月发生主要不良心血管事件显著相关[校正RR=3.625,95%CI(1.505～8.731),P=0.004]。结论 NSTE-ACS患者早期BNP水平增高有助于评价NSTE-ACS患者6个月主要不良心血管事件的发生,可应用于危险分层的评估。     

“罗布人后裔”特定人群的生理特征调查

目的:探讨"罗布人后裔"的生理特征。方法:用方便取样方法,从新疆维吾尔族自治区尉犁县居住的罗布人后裔中抽取594人,通过现场问卷调查、体格检查和生化测定获取研究对象的人口学特征、生理及生化指标值。结果:"罗布人后裔"血压异常率男性为47.1%,女性为45.4%,男女间差异无统计学意义。女性体重指数≥28 kg/m2的比例高于男性,分别为41.2%vs.32.7%,男女间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性三酰甘油和高密度脂蛋白的异常比例均高于女性,分别为36.6%vs.25.5%(P=0.003 7),9.7%vs.3.9%(P=0.003 8)。多因素分析结果显示,BMI和三酰甘油的升高是罗布人后裔发生血压异常的危险因素。结论:初步结果表明,"罗布人后裔"的主要生理特征是高血脂、多肥胖和血压水平异常率高,而高血脂和肥胖可能是该人群高血压多发的主要危险因素。     

防旋型股骨近端髓内钉与全髋关节置换修复老年股骨转子间骨折的Meta分析

BACKGROUND: Now, the current study has not yet confirmed two treatment methods of the proximal femoral nail antirotation and total hip arthroplasty for treating intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly, which method has more advantages, and there is no clear conclusion at present.  OBJECTIVE: To systematically compare the repair effect of proximal femoral nail antirotation and total hip arthroplasty for treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.  METHODS: We searched the related literatures from 2011 to 2015 on Wanfang database, PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase database by computer. We retrieved the journals in China by hand and collected randomized controlled trials on proximal femoral nail antirotation and total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Intraoperative blood loss, operation time, hospitalization time, ambulation time after operation, and Harris score were selected as evaluation indexes. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2 software.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Finally, 7 Chinese literatures were included, with 811 patients. The results of meta analysis showed that the hospitalization time and ambulation time after operation were significantly shorter in the total hip arthroplasty group than in the proximal femoral nail antirotation group (P < 0.000 01), which reduced the pain of patients. Operation time and intraoperative blood loss were poorer in the total hip arthroplasty group than in the proximal femoral nail antirotation group (P < 0.000 01). No significant difference in Harris hip score was detected between the two groups (P > 0.05). These results confirmed that the internal fixation of proximal femoral nail antirotation in minimally invasive therapy when reducing operation time and blood loss has a certain advantage. The total hip arthroplasty can make the recovery of hip function earlier, allow early weight-bearing walking, reduce the patients’ bedridden time and reduce the complications in bed. Thus, the clinicians in the practical work should choose the appropriate therapy with considering the patient’s condition, damage degree, fracture type, and financial capability.     

带锁髓内钉与髓外钢板修复股骨干骨折的Meta分析

BACKGROUND: With deep understanding of the concept of biological fixation, more and more physicians choose interlocking intramedullary nail in the repair of femoral shaft fracture. Compared with traditional extramedullary plate, the superiority of the interlocking intramedullary nail has not been reported at present. Randomized controlled clinical study is less, and lacks of systematic evaluation.      

457例维吾尔族儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭2年疗效分析

目的: 探讨新疆乌鲁木齐市7~9岁维吾尔族儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭2年后的临床效果, 分析窝沟封闭剂的2年保留率。方法: 对乌鲁木齐市7~9岁457名维吾尔族儿童的1499颗新萌出第一恒磨牙进行窝沟封闭, 并对封闭后6、12、24个月的封闭剂保留情况和罹患龋病情况进行观察及记录, 应用SPSS 16.0软件包对检查结果进行χ2检验和t检验。结果: 457名新疆维吾尔族儿童窝沟封闭术后6、12、24 个月的窝沟封闭剂完全保留率分别为 98.33%、92.71%和88.93%, 患龋率分别为0%、0.63%和1.15%。结论: 对新疆乌鲁木齐市7~9岁维吾尔族儿童的第一恒磨牙进行窝沟封闭 , 预防窝沟龋效果好, 值得大力推广。     

维吾尔族和汉族人群CYP2C19基因多态性分析

目的：研究新疆地区健康维吾尔族人群CYP2C19基因多态性分布情况。方法：选取96例维吾尔族和104例汉族健康志愿者,抽取静脉血5ml,采用多聚酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）法进行CYP2C19基因多态性分析,并对维吾尔族与汉族人基因表型和基因频率进行比较。结果：外显子5长度为284bp,突变发生在SmaⅠ的酶切位点,外显子4长度为375bp,突变发生在BamHⅠ的酶切位点,维吾尔族强代谢型基因（wt/wt、wt/m1、wt/m1＋wt/m2）的总频率为95.83%,明显高于汉族（77.88%）（P〈0.05）,弱代谢型基因（m1/m1）的总频率为4.17%,明显低于汉族（11.54%）（P〈0.05）。维吾尔族、汉族wt、m1、m2的等位基因频率分别为0.5104、0.6058,0.4818、0.3333,0.0078、0.0686,维吾尔族与汉族差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05~0.01）。结论：我国维吾尔族人群CYP2C19弱代谢型（m1/m1）频率为4.17%,明显低于汉族,其中m1等位基因频率为m2的60倍,远高于汉族。     

Ilizarov bone transport to treat infected nonunion of long bones: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveTo examine the efficacy and safety of Ilizarov bone transport in the treatment of infected nonunion of long bones.MethodsPatients who underwent Ilizarov bone transport for treatment of bone nonunion with chronic osteomyelitis in the three largest regional orthopedic trauma centers in China from July 2013 to July 2018 were retrospectively examined. Treatment results were evaluated with Paley’s criteria for bone healing and functional assessment.ResultsIn total, 189 patients were treated during the study period. The study population comprised 135 male and 54 female patients with an average age of 37.5 years (range, 11–61 years). The patients were followed up for at least 24 months. According to Paley’s criteria for bone healing and functional assessment, the bone healing results were excellent in 115 (61%) patients, good in 31 (16%), fair in 21 (11%), and poor in 22 (12%). The functional evaluation results were excellent in 76 (40%) patients, good in 65 (34%), fair in 22 (11%), poor in 26 (14%).ConclusionInfected nonunion of long bones can be effectively and safely treated with Ilizarov bone transport.