广州地区高校医学生自主学习差异性研究

目的 了解广州地区医学生自主学习情况,分析影响广州地区医学生自主学习的要素,探讨提高医学生自主学习能力的策略。方法 采用自编的《医学生自主学习问卷》对广州市6所高等院校的2 480名医学生进行分层抽样调查。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件对资料进行统计学分析。结果 医学生专业与自主学习频率（χ²=21.33,P<0.001）、性别与自主学习有效性（χ²=4.86,P=0.027）、学年制与自主学习必要性认知（χ²=4.65,P=0.031）、家庭指导与自主学习方法选择能力适宜性的差异有统计学意义（χ²=32.43,P<0.001）。结论 学校、个人和家庭共同影响医学生的自主学习,三方应该相互协作,提高医学生自主学习能力,培育具备终身学习能力的高素质医学人才。     

改良点触式探针对草酸钙结石体外超声碎石

目的探讨改良点触式探针提高超声碎石效率的可行性。方法在原超声探针的前端打磨3个缺口,形成3个点状凸起,做成点触式超声探针。将一水草酸钙碳酸磷灰石混合型肾铸型结石、一水草酸钙肾铸型和一水草酸钙肾潴留型光滑结石分别用点触式探针与平面探针行体外碎石。分别记录碎石时间、清石量和碎石速度。结果两种探针体外碎石速度有统计学差异(P<0.05),平面探针难以击碎的结石点触式探针仍可击碎,且一水草酸钙光滑的肾潴留性小结石差异更明显(P<0.01),点触式探针的碎石速度是平面探针的7.59倍。结论体外实验表明,改良探针碎石速度快,效率高,可显著提高超声清石碎石速度。     

急性染镉对大鼠心肌细胞闰盘超微结构和连接蛋白43表达的影响及黄芪甲苷的拮抗作用

目的:观察急性染镉对大鼠心肌细胞闰盘超微结构和连接蛋白43(Cx43)表达的影响,探讨黄芪甲苷的保护机制.方法:SD大鼠随机分为正常组、镉处理组、镉加黄芪甲苷处理组,取心室肌组织,分别作光镜、透射电镜观察和免疫组织化学检测.结果:与正常组相比,镉组心肌细胞连接蛋白43的表达量明显降低,心肌纤维和闰盘超微结构破坏严重;而镉加黄芪甲苷组心肌细胞连接蛋白43的表达量较镉组显著增加,心肌纤维和闰盘超微结构的损伤也明显减轻.结论:镉能破坏心肌细胞闰盘超微结构,影响连接蛋白43的表达及分布,黄芪甲苷能在一定程度上拮抗镉对心肌细胞闰盘超微结构和连接蛋白43的毒性损伤.     

国家人口基础信息库建设及其在人口健康信息化中的应用思考

本文首先介绍了我国在人口管理方面存在的问题,并说明了建设国家人口基础信息库的客观必要性。阐述了国家人口基础信息库的建设背景、建设目标、建设内容,并对国家卫生计生委总体功能需求进行了分析,特别对总体结构设计进行了说明。在此基础上对国家人口基础信息库在人口健康信息化中的应用进行了思考并提出相关建议。     

Characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>24 Gene of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spodoptera litura</Emphasis> Multicapsid Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltMNPV) p24 gene is 753 bp long, potentially encoding 244 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 27.3 kDa. Homology analysis indicated that SpltMNPV P24 has 20–36% amino acid identity with that of other known baculoviruses. RT-PCR results showed that the p24 gene is transcribed actively at the late stage of infection and the mRNA start site was mapped within a consensus baculovirus late promoter sequence (ATAAG). Western blot analysis of extracts from SpltMNPV-infected S. litura cells detected a specific 28 kDa protein, and this protein was not N-glycosylated. Structural localization revealed that SpltMNPV P24 was associated with the nucleocapsid of occlusion-derived virus (ODV) as a complex form of 83 kDa.     

多层螺旋CT诊断恶性胃肠道间质瘤乙型肝炎病毒衣壳作为肝癌细胞靶向性基因转移载体的研究

Objective  

The aim of this study was to investigate the value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) in the diagnosis of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).     

血浆FB、BNP、TNI、CRP浓度与急性冠脉综合征的关系

目的探讨血浆纤维蛋白原（FB）、钠尿肽（BNP）、肌钙蛋白I（TNI）、C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度与急性冠脉综合征（ACS）之间的关系。方法将120例ACS患者作为研究组,39例稳定型心绞痛（SA）和41例健康者作为对照组,根据冠状动脉病变严重程度及是否发生心血管事件分组比较FB、BNP、TNI、CRP浓度变化。结果治疗组FB、BNP、TNI、CRP浓度高于对照组（P〈0．05）;三支病变组高于双支、单支病变组（P〈0．05）,双支病变组高于单支病变组（P〈0．05）;Gensini评分≥20分组高于Gensini评分〈20分组（P〈0．05）;发生心血管事件组高于未发生组（P〈0．05）。结论联合检测血浆FB、BNP、TNI及CRP浓度有助于ACS的诊断及预后评估。     

Effect of statins use on the prevention of venous thromboembolism： a meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo estimate the effect of statins use on the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE).MethodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE (1980-June 2012), EMBASE (1980-June 2012), Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science, manually reviewed references, and contacted experts. Case-control studies and cohort studies that compared any dose of statin with no statin or placebo are included. Data extraction and study quality evaluation were independently conducted in duplicate.Results12 studies including four cohort studies and eight case-control studies were identified and eligible for meta-analysis. Upon meta-analysis, statin use was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the odds of developing VTE (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86–0.96).ConclusionThis meta-analysis of current and available literature suggests that statins can reduce patient's risk of developing VTE. Due to the limitations of observational study, this conclusion should be considered with caution, and additionally, specifical well-designed trials are needed.