Hair Loss after Rhytidectomy

BACKGROUND: Temporal hair loss has been reported to occur in up to 8.4% of patients after rhytidectomy. To date, no one has described the associated histopathologic findings. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to illustrate the microscopic findings seen in the affected area of hair loss after rhytidectomy. METHODS: Two punch biopsies from the temporal area were performed, and pathologic material was submitted. RESULTS: Histopathologic finding was suggestive of acute localized telogen effluvium. CONCLUSION: One mechanism for temporal hair loss after rhytidectomy is an acute localized telogen effluvium.     

Dopamine compared with dobutamine in experimental septic shock: relevance to fluid administration

The hemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine (at doses of 6 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) were compared during fluid resuscitation from septic shock induced by endotoxin (3 mg/kg) in the dog. In the first part of the study, when a standard amount of saline solution was infused (in 24 dogs), dopamine infusion resulted in higher cardiac filling pressures than did dobutamine infusion, whereas dobutamine infusion resulted in higher cardiac output. In the second part of the study, when fluid infusion was titrated to maintain pulmonary artery balloon-occluded pressure at constant level (in 24 dogs), the total amount of fluids was significantly greater with dobutamine than when dopamine was used (109 +/- 13 vs 71 +/- 10 ml/kg). The combination of dobutamine with fluids resulted in significantly greater stroke volume (39.6 +/- 3.8 vs 21.0 +/- 4.0 ml, P less than 0.05) and oxygen consumption (194 +/- 18 vs 144 +/- 8 ml/min, P less than 0.05). The different effects of dopamine and dobutamine on cardiac filling pressures can be due to differences in effects on myocardial contractility, ventricular afterload, and cardiac compliance. This experimental study indicates that when fluid therapy is combined with adrenergic agents in resuscitation from septic shock, dobutamine can be associated with higher cardiac output and oxygen transport and can result in higher tissue oxygen consumption than dopamine.     

Proximally induced accommodation and accommodative adaptation

To determine the effect of proximally induced accommodation (PIA) on accommodative adaptation, this study has examined the posttask shift in tonic accommodation (TA) following 5-min monocular viewing of equivalent-sized targets located at distances of 0.33 and 5 m. The distal target was viewed through a negative lens to equate the dioptric stimuli (3 D). The steady-state accommodative response was measured subjectively in 10 subjects using a Hartinger coincidence optometer. A significant correlation was observed between the degree of adaptation following the two conditions, with the magnitude of adaptation for the distal target being approximately half that for the nearer target. Furthermore, adaptation magnitude was inversely correlated with pretask TA under both conditions. These results indicate that PIA can produce accommodative adaptation. The implications of this finding are discussed with regard to models of the accommodative mechanism.     

Erythrodermic bullous pemphigoid

We report a case of erythrodermic type of bullous pemphigoid which is a rare variant of bullous pemphigoid. Our patient had a peculiar clinical presentation with bullae, erosions and extensive erythrodermic areas, and distinct direct immunofluorescent findings which included linear IgG and C3 deposits in the basement membrane and also IgG in the intercellular spaces. Very high levels of serum IgE were also detected in our patient.     

Pediatric streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.

Two children who presented with fever, rash, and hypotension were found to have group A beta hemolytic streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. These cases are reported to remind physicians who care for acutely ill children that exotoxin-producing streptococci can produce clinical features and multisystem failure similar to staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome.     

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy in BB rats and effect of ARI treatment on heart-rate variability and vagus nerve structure

The preventive effect of the aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) ponalrestat on heart-rate variability and the development of autonomic neuropathy in the vagus nerve was investigated in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat. ARI treatment completely prevented the characteristic decrease in heart-rate variability and axonal atrophy of the vagus nerve for 4 mo in hyperglycemic BB rats. After 6 mo of treatment, the preventive effect on heart-rate variability was partial, and the vagus nerve demonstrated an increase in regenerating myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. These data suggest that autonomic neuropathy involving the vagus nerve is metabolically induced by demonstrating that inhibition of the polyol pathway significantly delays the occurrence of functional and structural autonomic neuropathy despite the presence of hyperglycemia.     

A PCR Specific for Escherichia coli O157 Based on the rfb Locus Encoding O157 Lipopolysaccharide

A PCR was developed for the detection of Escherichia coli O157 based on the rfbE O-antigen synthesis genes. A 479-bp PCR product was amplified specifically from E. coli O157 in cell lysates containing 200 or 2 CFU following crude DNA extraction. The PCR detected <1 CFU of E. coli O157 per ml in raw milk following enrichment.     

Th1 cell development induced by cysteine proteinases A and B in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania guyanensis

The cysteine proteinases CPA and CPB from Leishmania major induced Th1 responses in patients with leishmaniasis due to Leishmania guyanensis. Furthermore, cysteine proteinases induced neither interleukin 4 (IL-4) nor IL-13 and low levels of IL-10 in controls and patients. The results suggest that CPs would be quite good candidates for a vaccine against different Leishmania species.     

Adsorption thermodynamics of carbofuran on sandy clay loam and silt loam soils

The adsorption of carbofuran on sandy clay loam and silt loam soils has been studied at 30 and 50 degrees C. Adsorption data for both soils are in close agreement with the Freundlich isotherms and yield "S" class isotherms. The order of adsorption of carbofuran is in accordance with the partial molal free energy changes and conforms to the mobility of carbofuran in different soils. The thermodynamic constant (K0) and standard free energy (delta G degrees), enthalpy (delta H degrees), and entropy changes (delta S degrees) have also been calculated for predicting the nature of adsorption.