Effects of long working hours and the night shift on severe sleepiness among workers with 12‐hour shift systems for 5 to 7 consecutive days in the automobile factories of Korea

We investigated the effects of 12‐hour shift work for five to seven consecutive days and overtime on the prevalence of severe sleepiness in the automobile industry in Korea. [Correction added after online publication 28 Nov: Opening sentence of the summary has been rephrased for better clarity.] A total of 288 randomly selected male workers from two automobile factories were selected and investigated using questionnaires and sleep‐wake diaries in South Korea. The prevalence of severe sleepiness at work [i.e. Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) score of 7 or higher] was modeled using marginal logistic regression and included theoretical risk factors related to working hours and potential confounding factors related to socio‐economic status, work demands, and health behaviors. Factors related to working hours increased the risk for severe sleepiness at the end of the shift in the following order: the night shift [odds ratio (OR): 4.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6–6.0)], daily overtime (OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.7–2.9), weekly overtime (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0–2.6), and night overtime (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.8–3.0). Long working hours and shift work had a significant interactive effect for severe sleepiness at work. Night shift workers who worked for 12 h or more a day were exposed to a risk of severe sleepiness that was 7.5 times greater than day shift workers who worked less than 11 h. Night shifts and long working hours were the main risk factors for severe sleepiness among automobile factory workers in Korea. Night shifts and long working hours have a high degree of interactive effects resulting in severe sleepiness at work, which highlight the need for immediate measures to address these characteristics among South Korean labor force patterns.     

红细胞体积分布宽度在贫血诊断中的临床意义

目的：探讨贫血患者红细胞体积分布宽度的变化及其临床意义。方法：应用sysmex F-820血细胞分析仪测定164例贫血患者红细胞体积分布宽度变异系（RDW-CV）。结果：MCV↓RDW↑缺铁性贫血、MCV↑RDW↑巨幼红细胞性贫血、MCV和RDW异常,急性再生障碍性贫血、MCV↑RDW,慢性再生障碍性贫血、MCV↑RDW↑溶血性贫血、MCV、RDW↑铁粒幼细胞性贫血、MCV↓RDW,单纯小细胞性贫血。结论：RDW指标的改变对贫血的分类及缺铁性贫血的诊断有较好的敏感性和特异性。     

集束干预护理在创伤患者不明原因发热合并多重耐药菌感染患者中的应用效果评价

目的探讨集束化护理干预对不明原因发热合并多重耐药菌感染创伤患者的干预效果。方法将84例不明原因发热合并多重耐药菌感染创伤患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和集束化护理组各42例,对照组采用常规护理,集束化护理组制定集束化护理程序并实施,比较两组患者的住院情况、治疗效果等级、细菌学评价等级、转归情况、满意度等指标。结果两组患者感染前的住院天数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);集束化护理组的细菌学评价效果等级优于对照组,满意度明显高于对照组,日均住院费用、感染后的住院天数、呼吸机使用天数等指标明显低于对照组,痊愈率高于对照组,病死率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对不明原因发热合并多重耐药菌感染创伤患者实施集束化护理干预,可大大缩短住院时间,降低经济负担,护理效果明显。     

葡萄孢菌代谢产物α-吡喃酮酪氨酸酶抑制活性的研究

利用酪氨酸酶抑制活性追踪法对海洋真菌葡萄孢菌的代谢产物进行研究,分离得3个含有α-吡喃酮结构的化合物,并通过波谱方法进行了解析.通过测试α-吡喃酮不同衍生物对酪氨酸酶的活性抑制能力,初步确定了α-吡喃酮联接戊烷基时显示最强的酪氨酸酶活性抑制能力.     

丙泊酚联合氯诺昔康用于人工流产镇痛的临床研究

目的:研究丙泊酚联合氯诺昔康用于人工流产术的临床安全性与镇痛的效果.方法:120例孕妇,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ级,年龄18-35岁,随机分成3组,比较丙泊酚联合氯诺昔康镇痛的效果及手术中血压、脉搏、SpO2.结果:丙泊酚联合氯诺昔康和丙泊酚联合芬太尼镇痛的效果明显优于单纯丙泊酚组.结论:丙泊酚联合氯诺昔康用于人工流产镇痛是安全、有效、便捷的方法.     

Pre- and Perinatal Factors in Febrile Convulsions

Forsgren, L., Sidenvall, R., Blomquist, H. K:son, Heijbel, J. and Nyström, L. (Departments of Neurology, Paediatrics and Epidemiology and Health Care Research, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden). Acta Paediatr Scand 80: 218, 1991.
In a community based study, 110 children with febrile convulsions (FC) were identified prospectively. Pre- and perinatal risk factors were compared with 213 age and sex matched controls sampled from the community. During pregnancy, proteinuria and preeclampsia/eclampsia Occurred more often in mothers of cases. Premature birth and bilirubinemia ≥ 200 μmol/l were also more common in cases. There were no differences between cases and controls in Occurrence of chronic illnesses in mothers, parents age at birth, birth order, and factors occurring during delivery such as type of anesthesia, Occurrence of acute or elective cesarean section, use of vacuum extraction, mode of presentation, signs of fetal distress in amnion fluid, umbilical problems, abnormalities of fetal heart rate or duration of delivery. Perinatal asphyxia was uncommon and there was no difference between cases and referents. Occurrence of complications during the first neonatal week did not differ between groups.     

全脑血管造影术并发症的分析

目的回顾性分析单纯全脑血管造影术围操作期的并发症。方法2008年7月-2009年6月在首都医科大学宣武医院介入放射诊断治疗科单中心完成单纯全脑血管造影术2460例。其中男1608例,女852例,年龄为2～84岁,平均（60±3）岁。分析其术后并发症的发生情况。结果全脑血管造影术后共31例出现并发症,发生率为1．26％,其中局部并发症19例,发生率为0．78％,分别为皮下血肿9例,动脉夹层3例,血管开口狭窄2例,导管打折2例。神经系统并发症7例,发生率为0．29％,分别为血管痉挛3例,栓塞事件1例,其他（包括心慌、血压下降、恶心、呕吐等）3例。全身并发症共5例,发生率为0．20％,分别为对比剂过敏反应2例,对比剂肾病2例,鱼精蛋白过敏1例。经合理处理后,全脑血管造影术后并发症患者均未出现严重后遗症。结论在规范操作的基础上,单纯全脑血管造影术是安全的,并发症较低。同时随着造影设备的不断改进,术前术中准备充分,操作耐心细致,可进一步减少其并发症。     

氟化钠涂膜在预防正畸牙脱矿的应用

目的了解氟化物涂膜在防龋及防治、减少和预防牙釉质脱矿方面的效果。方法选择68例错颌畸形患者,用小毛刷将氟化钠涂膜在托槽周围牙面上均匀地涂布,以后每三个月均匀涂布1次,病例追踪观察1年。结果涂布氟化钠涂膜后患者脱矿率25％。结论氟化钠涂膜在预防正畸牙釉质脱矿方面有良好效果。     

人TAT-Survivin融合蛋白原核表达载体的构建

目的:构建人TAT-Survivin融合蛋白原核表达载体。方法:以人胸腺细胞瘤cDNA为模板,采用RT-PCR扩增survivin基因成熟蛋白编码的全部序列,克隆入原核表达载体pET28a(+)中,经限制性内切酶双酶切及DNA序列分析鉴定目的基因。结果:PCR扩增的特异性片段长度为462bp,以此构建的重组质粒pET28a-TAT-survivin,经HindIII和BamHI双酶切后显示5.9kb和462bp左右的两条片段,测序结果与Genbank中的人survivin基因cDNA(Genbank序列号)序列一致。证明人survivin已成功克隆到了原核细胞表达载体pET28a(+)中。结论:成功构建了pET28a-TAT-survivin重组原核表达载体。