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排序方式: 共有166条查询结果,搜索用时 12 毫秒
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Golo Petzold Melissa Porsche Volker Ellenrieder Steffen Kunsch Albrecht Neesse 《Ultrasound in medicine & biology》2019,45(2):402-410
The aim was to evaluate the influence of food intake on liver stiffness measurement (LSM), performed with 2-D shear wave elastography (Logiq E9, GE Medical Systems, Wauwatosa, WI, USA). One hundred healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled. Mean age was 25.8 (19–55) y, and mean body mass index was 22.43 (17.3–30.8) kg/m². Patients fasted for at least 3 h and subsequently ingested a liquid meal of 800 kcal. Liver stiffness and portal vein velocity were measured before and after food intake. Food intake resulted in significantly higher LSM values compared with baseline LSM (5.74 ± 0.94 kPa vs. 4.80 ± 0.94 kPa, p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, body mass index was significantly positively correlated with the LSM increase after food intake (p?=?0.01). No correlation between the increase in LSM and the increase in post-prandial portal vein velocity was observed (r?=?0.09). In summary, food intake has a significant influence on LSM. There is an 11% risk of misclassifying non-fasting, healthy patients as having significant fibrosis. 相似文献
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Heiko Billing Greta Burmeister Lukasz Plotnicki Thurid Ahlenstiel Alexander Fichtner Anja Sander Britta Höcker Lars Pape 《Transplant international》2013,26(9):903-909
Concerns have been raised that mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in pediatric transplant recipients might interfere with longitudinal bone growth by inhibition of growth factor signaling and growth plate chondrocyte proliferation. We therefore undertook a prospective nested, case‐control study on longitudinal growth over 2 years in steroid‐free pediatric renal transplant recipients. Fourteen patients on a steroid‐free maintenance immunosuppressive regimen consisting of low‐dose everolimus (EVR) in conjunction with low‐dose cyclosporine (CsA) were compared to a matched cohort of 14 steroid‐free patients on a standard dose mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) regimen in conjunction with a standard dose calcineurin inhibitor (CNI). The mean change in height standard deviation (SD) score in the first study year was 0.31 ± 0.71 SD score in the EVR group compared to 0.31 ± 0.64 SD score in the MMF group (P = 0.20). For the entire study period of 2 years, the change in height SD score in the EVR group was 0.43 ± 0.81 SDS compared to 0.75 ± 0.85 SDS in the MMF group (P = 0.32). The percentage of prepubertal patients experiencing catch‐up growth, defined as an increase in height SD score ≥0.5 in 2 years, was similar in the EVR group (5/8, 65%) and the MMF group (6/8, 75%; P = 1.00). Longitudinal growth over 2 years in steroid‐free pediatric patients on low‐dose EVR and CsA is not different to that of a matched steroid‐free control group on an immunosuppressive regimen with standard‐dose CNI and MMF. Hence, low‐dose EVR does not appear to negatively impact short‐term growth in pediatric renal transplant recipients. 相似文献
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Tillmann Weber Vera Baier Katharina Lentz Elke Herrmann Bertram Krumm Alexander Sartorius Golo Kronenberg Dusan Bartsch 《Hippocampus》2013,23(12):1321-1330
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a uniquely effective treatment for major depressive disorder. An increase in hippocampal neurogenesis is implicated in the recovery from depression. We used an inducible genetic mouse model in which only GFAP‐expressing stem‐like cells (type‐1 cells) and their progeny are selectively labeled with the reporter protein β‐galactosidase to track the process of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus over 3 months following electroconvulsive seizures (ECS), the mouse equivalent of ECT. All ECS protocols tested induced a transient increase in type‐1 cell divisions. While this led to an expansion of the type‐1 cell pool after high‐frequency ECS sessions for 5 consecutive days (5‐ECS), asymmetric divisions drove neurogenesis by giving rise to Doublecortin (DCX)‐expressing neuroblasts that matured into NeuN+ neurons. Significantly, the increase in newly generated DCX+ and NeuN+ cells after 5‐ECS could be traced back to proliferating type‐1 cells. Low‐frequency continuation ECS (c‐ECS) consisting of five single ECS sessions administered every 2 weeks resulted in a similar increase in newborn neurons as the high‐frequency 5‐ECS protocol. Moreover, the combination of 5‐ECS and c‐ECS led to a further significant increase in newborn neurons, suggesting a cellular mechanism responsible for the propitious effects of high‐frequency ECT followed by continuation ECT in severely depressed patients. The ability of high‐ and low‐frequency ECS to induce normally quiescent type‐1 cells to proliferate and generate new neurons sets it apart from other antidepressant treatments and may underlie the superior clinical efficacy of ECT. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Phenotype of mice with inducible ablation of GluA1 AMPA receptors during late adolescence: Relevance for mental disorders 下载免费PDF全文
Tillmann Weber Juan M. Lima‐Ojeda Miriam Schneider Alessia Luoni Marco A. Riva Karen Gertz Julian Hellmann‐Regen Golo Kronenberg Andreas Meyer‐Lindenberg Rolf Sprengel Peter Gass 《Hippocampus》2014,24(4):424-435
Adolescence is characterized by important molecular and anatomical changes with relevance for the maturation of brain circuitry and cognitive function. This time period is of critical importance in the emergence of several neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by cognitive impairment, such as affective disorders and schizophrenia. The molecular mechanisms underlying these changes at neuronal level during this specific developmental stage remains however poorly understood. GluA1‐containing AMPA receptors, which are located predominantly on hippocampal neurons, are the primary molecular determinants of synaptic plasticity. We investigated here the consequences of the inducible deletion of GluA1 AMPA receptors in glutamatergic neurons during late adolescence. We generated mutant mice with a tamoxifen‐inducible deletion of GluA1 under the control of the CamKII promoter for temporally and spatially restricted gene manipulation. GluA1 ablation during late adolescence induced cognitive impairments, but also marked hyperlocomotion and sensorimotor gating deficits. Unlike the global genetic deletion of GluA1, inducible GluA1 ablation during late adolescence resulted in normal sociability. Deletion of GluA1 induced redistribution of GluA2 subunits, suggesting AMPA receptor trafficking deficits. Mutant animals showed increased hippocampal NMDA receptor expression and no change in striatal dopamine concentration. Our data provide new insight into the role of deficient AMPA receptors specifically during late adolescence in inducing several cognitive and behavioral alterations with possible relevance for neuropsychiatric disorders. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Distribution and effects of polymorphic RANTES gene alleles in HIV/HCV coinfection -- a prospective cross-sectional study 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Ahlenstiel G Iwan A Nattermann J Bueren K Rockstroh JK Brackmann HH Kupfer B Landt O Peled A Sauerbruch T Spengler U Woitas RP 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2005,11(48):7631-7638
AIM: Chemokines and their receptors are crucial for immune responses in HCV and HIV infection. RANTES gene polymorphisms lead to altered gene expression and influence the natural course of HIV infection. Therefore, these mutations may also affect the course of HIV/HCV coinfection. METHODS: We determined allele frequencies of RANTES-403 (G→A), RANTES-28 (C→G) and RANTES-IN1.1 (T→C) polymorphisms using real-time PCR and hybridization probes in patients with HIV (n = 85), HCV (n = 112), HIV/HCV coinfection (n = 121), and 109 healthy controls. Furthermore, HIV and HCV loads as well as CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts were compared between different RANTES genotypes. RESULTS: Frequencies of RANTES-403 A, RANTES-28 G and RANTES-IN1.1 C alleles were higher in HIV infected patients than in healthy controls (-403: 28.2% vs 15.1%, P = 0.002; -28: 5.4% vs 2.8%, not significant; IN1.1: 19.0% vs 11.0%, P = 0.038). In HIV/HCV coinfected patients, these RANTES alleles were less frequent than in patients with HIV infection alone (15.4% P = 0.002; 1.7%; P = 0.048; 12.0%; not significant). Frequencies of these alleles were not significantly different between HIV/HCV positive patients, HCV positive patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: All three RANTES polymorphisms showed increased frequencies of the variant allele exclusively in patients with HIV monoinfection. The finding that the frequencies of these alleles remained unaltered in HIV/HCV coinfected patients suggests that HCV coinfection interferes with selection processes associated with these alleles in HIV infection. 相似文献