Bioactive glass particles of narrow size range for the treatment of oral bone defects: a 1–24 month experiment with several materials and particle sizes and size ranges

summary The aim of this study was to evaluate bone growth around bioactive glass particles in bone defects in comparison to hydroxylapatite particles. The bioactive glass particles were implanted in the partial edentulous jaws of Beagle dogs in two different compositions and several sizes and size ranges. After 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months the samples were harvested and processed for undecalcified sectioning. Histological analysis showed a superior response of the bioactive glass particles of composition A and narrow size range (300-355 μm). Besides extensive osteoconductive properties, the bone repair was also stimulated by bone growth in the internally eroded particles. The data demonstrate conclusively that the well known corrosion reactions of the bioactive glass lead to the formation of protective pouches. In these protective pouches formation of new bone is detected without this bone being connected to the bone tissue outside the particles. These islands of newly formed bone tissue function as nuclei for further bone growth and enhance the repair of the defect.     

Histological and histomorphometrical analysis of bioactive glass and fibre reinforced bioactive glass dental root implants

Bioactive glass has the ability to bond with bone, but it cannot be used as a load bearing device due to its limited mechanical properties. By reinforcing bioactive glass with a ductile second phase, a structurally reliable material is obtained. The aim of the present study was to evaluate histologically and morphometrically the interfacial behaviour of submerged composite dental root implants. Therefore, bulk and composite implants were subgingivally installed in the partially edentulous jaws of Beagle dogs and harvested after 4 and 16 months. Histologically, the connection between the implants and bone tissue could be clearly demonstrated. This bone connection is mainly located at the cortical bone level. In the vicinity of the infraalveolar nerve a fibrous tissue contact was found. It is shown that surgical trauma, motion at the glass to tissue interface, and gross ion dissolution from the material adversely affect the interfacial osteogenesis. If these factors are controlled, bone bonding is found over a larger area than the initial area of contact between the implant and bone tissue. This means that bone grows out along the implant surface, starting from the initial contact area. No difference was observed between the interfacial behaviour of bulk bioactive glass and intact fibre reinforced bioactive glass implants.     

运用《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》比较脑卒中康复功能性结局测量的内容

目的确定常用于脑卒中康复结局测量内容，主要是关于活动和参与的，并与《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICF）对照。方法将以下量表的结构与ICF建立联系：Barthel指数（BI）、Berg平衡功能量表（BBS）、Chedoke McMaster脑卒中评定量表（CMSA）、Euroqol-5D欧洲牛活质量量表（EQ5D）、FIM功能独立性测量、Frenchay活动指数、Nottingham健康测验（NHP）、Rankin量表（Rs）、Rivermead动作测量（RMA）、Rivermead移动指数（RMI）、中风影响测验-30（SASIP30）、医学结局研究简表（SF36），卒中影响量表（SIS）、脑卒中特定生存质量量表（SSQOL）和站苞行走测验（TUG）。结果功能性结局测量中的绝大多数结构可与ICF分类建立联系。这些测量工具可以归入活动和参与的成份，活动是测量工具中最常见的类目内容。虽然测量工具的选择是基于它们主要关注的“活动”与“参与”内容，但有27％的结构属于身体功能类目，也有大约10％的结构与ICF不相关。结论在脑卒中的康复中，ICF是一种有效的工具来检测和比较脑卒中各测量工具的内容。这些内容上的比较使得临床医生和研究者们选择最符合他们兴趣和要求的测量。     

Regional localization of the gene coding for the GM2 activator protein (GME2A) to chromosome 5q32-33 and confirmation of the assignment of GM3AP to chromosome 3

The gene coding for the G_M2 activator protein (GM2A) was previously mapped by us to chromosome 5 by an ELISA-based technique. Here we confirm this assignment using a PCR analysis of somatic cell hybrids and descrive a regional localization to chromosome 5q32-33 by in situ hybridization. We also confirm the assignment of pseudogene GM2AP to chromosome 3.     

5'-Hydroxycotinine-N-oxide,a new nicotine metabolite isolated from rat urine

1. 5'-Hydroxycotinine-N-oxide, 5-(3-pyridyl-N-oxide)-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-pyrrolidone-2, was identified as a new in vivo metabolite of nicotine. 2. The new metabolite was isolated from the urine of rats treated with S -nicotine and characterized using chemical and spectrometric methods. 3. 5-Hydroxycotinine-N-oxide was synthesized and characterized by MS and by infrared as well as 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. 4. Identity of the new metabolite with synthetic 5-hydroxycotinine-N-oxide was demonstrated by comparing the MS and 1H-NMR spectroscopy data as well as by cochromatography of a spiked urine sample.