Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and its association with human longevity in the Uygur nationality in Xinjiang

Objective To study the relationship between apoE alleles and life-span.Methods Apolipoprotein E genotypes were determined in 164 unrelated Uygurs including 35 persons aged 90 years or older, 71 men aged 20-35 and 54 men with myocardial in farction by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymor phism.Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism was analyzed among three groups. Results There was statistically significant difference in the ε4 allele frequencies amo ng three groups.The ε4 allele frequency in olds was the lowest (0.057), whil e in patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI) was the highest (0.213) .In MI patients the average age of first attack in ε4 allele carriers was sig nificantly younger than that of non-carries, 51.3 and 58.3 years, respectivel y (P<0.05).Conclusion ApoE genotype may have some impact on human longevity.     

妊娠高血压综合征对足月新生儿胰岛素敏感性的影响

【目的】　探讨母亲孕期患妊高征对足月新生儿胰岛素敏感性的影响。　【方法】　 13 0名足月新生儿 ,其母孕前无慢性高血压 ,孕期无宫内感染及糖尿病 ,新生儿出生后无窒息史 ,未发现明显畸形。根据母亲孕期是否患妊高征将研究对象分为两组 ,所有研究对象均进行出生测量 ,并于生后 3d做餐前血糖、胰岛素 ,72名新生儿做了血脂检查。　【结果】　妊高征母亲所生新生儿的平均出生体重、身长及胸围均明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;血糖水平两组比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但胰岛素及胰岛素 /血糖则明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。上述发现在对出生体重修正后 ,依然存在。不仅如此妊高征母亲所生新生儿的平均TG水平高于对照组 ,而HDL c低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。　【结论】　母亲妊高征对新生儿的出生体重及胰岛素敏感性均有一定的影响     

妊娠合并糖尿病对子代婴幼儿期胰岛素敏感性的影响

目的 探讨妊娠合并糖尿病对子代婴幼儿期胰岛素敏感性的影响.方法 本研究为前瞻性队列研究,在2、4、6、8、10、12、18和24月龄测量糖尿病母亲的子代和非糖尿病母亲的子代的体重、身长,计算体重指数.在6、12和24月龄随访当日测定空腹血浆血糖和空腹血清胰岛素(fasting seruminsulin,FINS),计算胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivityindex,ISI),采用胰岛素稳态模型(homeostasis model assessment,HOMA)计算胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistence,IR)指数,即HOMA-IR,将FINS、ISI和HOMA-IR作为胰岛素敏感性评价指标.采用协方差分析比较2组间胰岛素敏感性的差异.结果 最初纳入研究的婴幼儿共605例,其中糖尿病母亲的子代94例,非糖尿病母亲的子代511例.糖尿病母亲的子代在2、4和6月龄时体重、身长均大于非糖尿病母亲的子代,2和4月龄时体重指数也大于非糖尿病母亲的子代,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在6、12和24月龄测定空腹血浆血糖和FINS的婴幼儿分别有276例、273例和56例.糖尿病母亲的子代在6、12和24月龄时的FINS[经对数(Lg)转换]分别为0.95±0.30、0.89±0.34和0.90±0.27,HOMA-IR值[经对数(Lg)转换]分别为0.34±0.33、0.27士0.36和0.27±0.31,ISI[经对数(Ln)转换]分别为-3.87±0.75、-3.73±0.81和-3.73±0.71;FINS和HOMA-IR值高于非糖尿病母亲的子代(FINS分别为0.70±0.45、0.73±0.35和0.67±0.30,HOMA-IR分别为0.08±0.46、0.10±0.36和0.03±0.33),差异有统计学意义(t=9.58、5.01、6.11、9.55、4.79和5.06,P均＜0.05);ISI低于非糖尿病母亲的子代(分别为-3.29±1.05、-3.35±0.84和-3.18±0.77),差异有统计学意义(t=9.20、4.90和5.06,P均＜0.05).糖尿病母亲的子代胰岛素敏感者22例,其中母乳喂养9例(40.91%),混合喂养7例(31.82%),配方乳喂养6例(27.27%);胰岛素不敏感者72例,其中母乳喂养12例(16.67%),混合喂养21例(29.17%)、配方乳喂养39例(54.17%),差异有统计学意义(x2=7.02,P=0.03).结论 妊娠合并糖尿病对子代婴幼儿期的胰岛素敏感性有不良影响,并且影响婴儿早期的生长发育,而母乳喂养可能有助于减少婴幼儿期胰岛素抵抗.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of pregnancy complicated with diabetes on the insulin sensitivity of offspring during their early childhood. Methods Offspring of diabetic mothers(ODM) and of non-diabetic mothers(ONDM) aged 1 month to 24 months were recruited into this prospective cohort study and followed up for two years. Body weight and body length were measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 18 and 24 months of age respectively, and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Fasting plasma glucose and fasting serum insulin levels were measured on the following-up day at 6, 12 and 24 months of age and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Homeostasis model assessment was used to calculate the insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by fasting serum insulin, ISI and HOMA-IR. The difference of insulin sensitivity between ODM and ONDM group were examined by analysis of covariance adjusted by gender, gestational age,birth weight and BMI. Results Six hundred and five babies including ninety ODM and five hundred and eleven ONDM met the inclusion criteria. There were no differences in gender, gestational age,birth-weight/height between the two groups(P＞0. 05). ODM were heavier and higher than ONDM at each measure point during early childhood, but there were statistical differences at the age of 2, 4 and 6 months only (P＜0. 05). And the BMI at age of 2 and 4 months of ODM were higher than those of ONDM(P＜0.05). The number of baby who accepted the measurement of fasting plasma glucose and fasting serum insulin levels at 6, 12 and 24 months of age was 276 cases, 273 cases and 56 cases respectively. The fasting serum insulin of ODM (logarithmically transformed) were 0. 95±0. 30,0. 89±0. 34 and 0. 90±0. 27, which were higher than those of ONDM (0. 70±0. 45, 0. 73±0. 35 and 0. 67±0. 30) (t=9. 58, 5.01 and 6. 11, P＜0.05); HOMA-IR (logarithmically transformed) were 0. 34±0. 33, 0. 27±0. 36 and 0. 27±0. 31, which were higher than those of ONDM also(0.08±0. 46,0. 10±0. 36 and 0. 03 ± 0.33) (t= 9. 55, 4. 79 and 5. 06, P＜0.05); ISI(natural logarithmically transformed) were -3.87±0. 75, -3.73±0. 81 and -3. 73±0. 71, which were lower than those of ONDM(-3.29±1.05, -3.35±0.84 and -3.18±0. 77) (t=9.20, 4. 90 and 5.06, P＜0.05).There were differences in feeding characteristics of ODM between insulin sensitive subgroup [40. 9%(9/22) breast-feeding] and insulin insensitive subgroup [16.67 % (12/72) breast-feeding] (x2 = 7.02,P=0. 03). Conclusions Pregnancy complicated with diabetes has adverse effects on the offspring insulin sensitivity during their early childhood, and affects the early growth and development of them.Breast-feeding might decrease insulin resistance in babies.     

我院缓解看病难看病贵的做法

近年来,我院开展医院管理年活动,把坚持公益性、追求社会效益、维护群众利益和构建和谐医患关系放在第一位,把满足人民群众的基本医疗卫生服务需求作为首要目标,针对群众"看病难、看病贵"的问题,以"优质、高效、安全、满意、低耗"为目标,尽心尽力为群众解难事、办实事、做好事。在政策允许的前提下,在力所能及的范围内,实现了一个公立医院让群众"既看好病,又看得起病、同时享受到人文关怀"的目标。     

镍接触工人中Cap43蛋白的过表达:一个潜在的筛查指标

目的通过检测钙激活蛋白43(Cap43)在镍接触工人尿液及血清中的蛋白表达情况,探讨Cap43表达在镍接触人群与非镍接触人群之间有无差异,及其表达高低与镍接触检体标本之间的关系。方法采用双抗夹心ELISA法检测150例镍接触工人[尿镍超标(>0.17μmol/ml)17例,尿镍未超标133例]及10例正常人群尿液及血清中Cap43的表达。结果尿液中Cap43的表达:尿镍超标组为(1.138±0.236)ng/ml,尿镍未超标组为(0.987±0.098)ng/ml,正常人群组为(0.609±0.012)ng/ml。血清中Cap43的表达:尿镍超标组为(2.4145±0.3475)ng/ml,尿镍正常组为(1.5614±0.5101)ng/ml,正常人群组为(1.2127±0.4135)ng/ml。结论Cap43表达与镍接触直接相关,尿中Cap43含量高低与血清中Cap43含量有正相关关系(r=0.7755,P<0.01),Cap43检测应以血清标本为宜,本实验结果为Cap43蛋白作为镍接触人群一个普查和疾病预防指标提供了有力的依据。     

索拉菲尼联合细胞因子活化的杀伤细胞对肝癌的杀伤效应研究

目的 探讨索拉菲尼联合细胞因子活化的杀伤细胞(cytokine-induced killer,CIK)对肝癌细胞的体外杀伤效应.方法 取健康人外周血单个核细胞,经IFN-γ、IL-1、IL-2和抗CD_3单抗诱导CIK细胞成熟,流式细胞仪检测培养第1、7、14天的CIK细胞表型.Cell Counting Kit-8试剂盒(CCK-8)检测索拉菲尼、CIK细胞及两者联合对肝癌细胞BEL-7402的体外杀伤效应,并用Annexin V-FITC细胞凋亡检测试剂盒检测肝癌细胞的凋亡率.结果 CIK细胞经多种细胞因子诱导培养后,CD_3+CD_(56)~+细胞比例明显上升,14d时CD_3~+CD_(56)~+ 细胞比例达(46.83±2.53)%,与第1天比差异有显著性(P<0.01),细胞量扩增了近1 000倍.索拉菲尼和CIK细胞在适当浓度及效靶比联合应用时表现出杀伤活性增强(P<0.01).索拉菲尼联合CIK细胞诱导的肝癌细胞BEL-7402凋亡率达(70.56±2.58)%,明显高于索拉菲尼组(45.38±1.76)%和CIK组(52.18±8.63)%(P<0.05).结论 索拉菲尼与细胞因子活化杀伤细胞疗法联合应用能明显增强对肝癌细胞的体外杀伤效应.     

膝关节损伤患者行关节镜术后的早期康复护理

目的探讨膝关节损伤关节镜术后早期康复护理方法与效果。方法选取我院行关节镜手术的膝关节损伤患者30例,随机分为观察组与对照组,各15例。对照组行常规护理,观察组行早期康复护理,比较两组的康复效果。结果护理后观察组的膝关节活动度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后功能康复优良率为93.33%,显著高于对照组的66.67%(P<0.05)。结论在膝关节损伤关节镜术后实施早期康复护理有利于提高关节功能康复效果,促进病情康复,值得推广应用。     

重组人生长激素对特发性矮小儿童的促生长效果

目的 探讨重组人生长激素(r-hGH)对特发性矮小(idiopathic short stature,ISS)儿童的促生长效果.方法 选取2009年1月至2013年1月在北京大学第三医院儿科矮小门诊应用r-hGH治疗并定期随访的ISS患儿47例,年龄(10.2±3.2)岁,治疗期限为1～2年,随访间隔为每3个月1次,取治疗前、治疗后0～1年及1～2年时的身高、血IGF-1值,并对3个时间阶段的各项指标进行比较,得出r-hGH治疗ISS儿童治疗前后的身高生长速率、身高标准差评分、IGF-1的变化.结果 r-hGH治疗ISS儿童治疗后身高增长速率、IGF-1水平明显高于治疗前,身高落后程度较前缩小,治疗前与治疗后0-1年和1-2年的身高增长速率分别为(4.42±1.21)cm/年、(10.06±3.44)cm/年、(8.70±1.70)cm/年,身高标准差评分的中位数分别为-2.85、-2.00、-1.35;IGF-1的中位数分别为250 ng/ml、403.5 ng/ml、523.0 ng/ml.差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 r-hGH临床治疗ISS儿童有明显的促生长效应,可显著增加身高增长速率,提高身高标准差评分,增加血IGF-1水平.     

β_3-肾上腺素能受体基因突变与肥胖儿童膳食干预效果

为分析 β3 肾上腺素能受体 (β3 adr)基因突变与单纯性肥胖儿童对膳食干预应答差异的关系 ,将 47名单纯性肥胖儿童随机分为膳食干预组 (36名 )和对照组 (11名 ) ,膳食干预期 3个月 ,干预前后分别进行膳食调查和体格测量。所有研究对象均采用PCR RFLP方法检测 β3 肾上腺素能受体 (β3 adr)基因中编码多肽链第 6 4位的色氨酸密码子被精氨酸密码子 (Trp6 4Arg)取代的突变。结果显示 ,这 47名肥胖儿童膳食结构中脂肪供能过高 ,占 40 7% ;膳食干预后 ,在膳食干预组中无 β3 adr基因Trp6 4Arg突变者的体重、体质指数(BMI)增长幅度低于非膳食干预组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而有突变者的体重、BMI增长幅度与非膳食干预组相比 ,则不存在统计学差异。结论认为 β3 adr基因Trp6 4Arg突变可能是单纯性肥胖儿童膳食干预效果较差的原因之一。     

新生儿机械通气并发低碳酸血症及其预后的探讨

目的　探讨新生儿机械通气时发生低碳酸血症的病因、危害性及其防治措施。方法选择我院1994年1月-2003年12月10年间,在NICU住院新生儿应用气管插管呼吸机治疗持续时间≥12h者共246例,以发生低碳酸血症的病例为研究对象,未发生者作为对照组,进行临床对照分析。结果低碳酸血症的发病率为14．2％,以早产儿多见,平均发生时间为(31．6±26．9)h,原发病以呼吸窘迫综合征最常见(22．6％),发生低碳酸血症者死亡率(32．9％)和颅内出血发生率(20％)明显高于对照组(P<0．01)。结论新生儿应慎重选择机械通气指征,维持PaO2在正常范围,避免PaCO2<35mmHg,以减少呼吸机合并症,在降低新生儿病死率同时,改善新生儿的预后。