兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

时辰化服用依那普利、左旋氨氯地平治疗高血压病临床观察

目的 探讨依那普利、左旋氨氯地平时辰化服用治疗高血压病的疗效.方法 61例高血压病患者随机分为两组,A组(时辰化服药组)32例,依那普利10mg于清晨6:00时、左旋氨氯地平2.5mg于中午12:00时服用.B组(常规化服药组)29例,依那普利、左旋氨氯地平均于上午8:00时服用,剂量用A组.采用无创袖带式动态血压监测系统Spacelab 90217-1 B于服药前及1周、3周后进行24 h每半小时测血压一次.结果 A、B两组服药后3周末与服药前比较,A组治疗后24h平均收缩压(24hMSBP)/舒张压(24hMDBP)、白昼平均收缩压(dMSBP)/舒张压(dMDBP),夜间平均收缩压(nMSBP)/舒张压(nMDBP),白昼血压负荷(dLBp)/夜间血压负荷(nLBp)、平均动脉压(MAP)、血压晨蜂(MBPS)较前均显著下降(P<0.01);B组治疗3周末以上各指标较服药前也有明显下降(P<0.05),但是下降程度较小;服药治疗3周末A组与B组比较,以上各指标A组较B组下降明显(P<0.05);服药治疗3周末,A组24 h血压变异小,T/P高,B组24 h血压变异大,T/P低.结论 依那普利、左旋氨氯地平按时辰化服用可平稳、有效控制24 h血压,能最大限度降低血压波动和保护靶器官功能.     

心脏机械膜瓣置换术后血浆蛋白C和蛋白S活性变化及其与INR的关系

目的:探讨机械瓣膜置换术后口服华法令抗凝的患者血浆蛋白C(PC)、蛋白S(PS)活性改变的意义及其与国际标准IL比值(INR)的关系。方法:动态监测15例心脏机械瓣膜置换术后口服抗凝药初期患者服药1-2 d、3~10 d及1个月的PC、PS活性及INR值。结果:患者组PC、PS活性低于正常对照组(P<0.05),特别是术后3-10 d PC、PS活性明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),已下降到正常的50％左右,而此时INR尚未达到治疗范围,提示口服抗凝药治疗初期在人体凝血功能未下调时,抗凝系统功能已经开始下降,有发生血栓的倾向;并且,随着抗凝强度的增高(INR低于1.5-高于2.5),PC、PS活性明显下降。结论:口服华法令抗凝患者在监测INR的同时,需要进行血浆PC、PS活性监测,以更好地预防血栓的发生。     

感觉神经肽P物质特异性受体在表皮干细胞上的表达

近10年来，表皮干细胞（epidermal stem cells，ESCs）作为皮肤细胞发生、修复、改建的源泉，因其与上皮源肿瘤、皮肤变应性疾病的发生密切相关而成为研究的热点。体内实验结果显示，皮肤伤口中外源性感觉神经肽P物质可促进ESCs增殖并将其大量募集于创缘，加速修复过程。为进一步探讨P物质对ESCs生物学行为影响的机制，本实验分别从蛋白水平和mRNA水平观察体外培养的ESCs上P物质的两种特异性受体：神经激肽1受体（NK—1R）和NK-2R的表达情况。     

硝苯啶和巯甲丙脯酸对高血压患者血浆及红细胞内钾镁浓度的影响

硝苯啶(N if)对血液钾镁及巯甲丙脯酸(Cap)对血镁的影响少见报道,本文测定原发性高血压患者服用以上两药后血浆及红细胞内钾镁的浓度,并与未服药的老年高血压组及健康中青年组的测定值作统计学分析,现报告如下.     

手术治疗腹式绝育术后膀胱间隙残余脓肿

<正> 输卵管结扎术是常用的绝育方法,但合并术后伤口深层感染形成膀胱间隙残余脓肿,久治不愈会给妇女带来痛苦。本文将我院采用手术治疗效果满意的21例报告如下。 一、一般资料 1986年5月～1991年5月收治绝育术后膀胱间隙残余脓肿21例。所有病例均在县医院、乡卫生院施术。施术时年龄:25～38岁,平均31岁。发现脓肿时间3个月～4年,脓肿持续存在长达5年之久。绝育术后3～30天伤口感染6例,伤口表层愈合良好15例。21例中16例用药物治疗半年以上未见明显疗效;5例曾手术3次以上未奏效。     

双膝关节置换术围手术期的护理

人工膝关节置换术是通过手术将病损的膝关节部分或全部由人工制造的关节部件所替代，是将已磨损破坏的关节面切除，如同装牙套一般，植入人工关节，使其恢复正常平滑的关节面。它可以说是本世纪骨科手术最伟大的突破之一。随着人的寿命延长、社会的老龄化，骨性关节炎的发病率有逐年上升的趋势。据不完全统计，全世界平均每年进行50万例全膝关节置换。人工膝关节置换的主要目的是缓解疼痛、改善功能、提高生活质量。     

人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离48例临床分析

目的 分析人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离的原因，探讨治疗方法，提高治愈率。方法 分析48例(48只眼)人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离原因及治疗方法，对术后成功率进行统计。结果 48例(48只眼)人工晶状体视网膜既离术后随访半年至1年。单纯视网膜复位术(环扎 外垫压术)18只眼，14只眼复位(77．8％)；视网膜复位术 玻璃体切割术 注气6只眼，5只眼复位(83．3％)；视网膜复位术 玻切术 取出人工晶状体 注油或注气7只眼，7只眼复位(100％)；视网膜复位术 玻切术 注油17只眼，15只眼复位(88．2％)。所有末复位眼中，除2例因年龄及经济原因放弃治疗外，其余均行二次玻璃体手术获得成功。结论 人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离术前检查对手术方式的选择至关重要，玻璃体切割手术是治疗人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离的主要方法。