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Dandona L Dandona R Gutierrez JP Kumar GA McPherson S Bertozzi SM;ASCI FPP Study Team 《AIDS (London, England)》2005,19(6):611-619
OBJECTIVE: To obtain information on sex behaviour of a large sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) in India that would assist in planning HIV prevention. METHODS: Homosexual/bisexual behaviour of 6661 MSM at 62 urban-rural locations of various sizes in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh was assessed through detailed interview. Multivariate analyses were performed to understand the associations with unprotected penetrative sex and barriers to condom use assessed. RESULTS: The average number of different male sex partners in past 4 weeks was six. In last three sex encounters with men, totalling 19 640, anal sex occurred in 16 769, at least once by 6121 (91.9%) MSM of which 3423 [55.9%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 51.7-60.1%] did not use condom at least once. A total of 2785 (41.8%) were currently married to women and 3354 (50.4%) had had vaginal/anal sex with women in the past 3 months, of which 2818 (84%; 95% CI, 81.1-86.9%) did not use a condom. Furthermore, 1585 (25.9%; 95% CI, 22.7-29.1%) had anal sex without a condom with men and also vaginal/anal sex without a condom with women. This was prevalent across urban-rural locations and its strongest association was with currently married MSM (odds ratio 15.1; 95% CI, 12.5-18.2). The predominant reason for not using a condom with women was 'do not use with regular partner' (68.4%). CONCLUSION: This high rate of unprotected penetrative sex by MSM with both men and women suggests that HIV prevention efforts in India should include a focus on MSM as well as their wives across many urban-rural locations and not only in large cities. 相似文献
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ASCI CCT CMR Guideline Working Group Carmen W. S. Chan Byoung Wook Choi Masahiro Jinzaki Kakuya Kitagawa I-Chen Tsai Hwan Seok Yong Wei Yu 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2010,26(2):187-202
These practice guidelines are recommended by the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (ASCI), the sole society in Asia designated for cardiovascular imaging, to provide a framework to healthcare providers for suggested essential elements in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examinations of different disease spectra. The guideline is composed of recommendations on the general technique, acquisition of some basic modules, and protocols on stress tests. The protocols for specific diseases are provided in a table format for quick reference to be easily utilized for everyday clinical CMR. 相似文献
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ASCI CCT & CMR Guideline Working Group Masahiro Jinzaki Kakuya Kitagawa I-Chen Tsai Carmen Chan Wei Yu Hwan Seok Yong Byoung Wook Choi 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2010,26(2):203-213
To evaluate the accuracy of myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPI) in the detection and allocation of vessel specific perfusion
defects (PD) using standard distribution territories in a routine clinical procedure of patients with multivessel disease
(MVD). Combined quantitative coronary angiography and fractional flow reserve (QCA/FFR) measurements were used as invasive
reference standard. 216 vessels in 72 MVD patients (67 ± 10 years, 28 female) were investigated using MPI and QCA. FFR of
93 vessels with intermediate stenoses was determined. MPI detected significant stenoses according to QCA/FFR findings with
a sensitivity of 85%. However, vessel-based evaluation using standard myocardial distribution territories delivered a sensitivity
of only 62% (28 MPI+ out of 45 (QCA/FFR)+ findings), with specificity, PPV and NPV of 90, 62 and 90%. 7/17 false positive
and 7/17 false negative findings (41%) could be attributed to incorrect allocation of reversible PD to their respective coronary
arteries. 6/17 (35%) perfusion territories were classified as false negative when additional fixed PD were present. MPI had
reasonable sensitivity for the detection of significant coronary artery disease in patients with multivessel disease. However,
sensitivity decreased markedly, when the significance of each individual stenosis was evaluated using standard myocardial
supplying territories. In this setting, 41% of false negative and false positive MPI findings resulted from incorrect allocation
of reversible perfusion defects to their determining supplying vessel. 相似文献
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Rakhi?DandonaEmail author Lalit?Dandona Juan?Pablo?Gutierrez Anil?G?Kumar Sam?McPherson Fiona?Samuels Stefano?M?Bertozzi the ASCI FPP Study Team 《BMC public health》2005,5(1):87
Background
Heterosexual contact is the most common mode of HIV transmission in India that is largely linked to sex work. We assessed the non-use of condoms in sex work and with regular sex partners by female sex workers (FSWs), and identified its associations that could assist in planning HIV prevention programmes. 相似文献6.
Dandona R Dandona L Kumar GA Gutierrez JP McPherson S Bertozzi SM;ASCI FPP Study Team 《AIDS (London, England)》2005,19(17):2033-2036
Of 6648 female sex workers (FSW) in 13 districts of Andhra Pradesh state in India, only 7.9% reported having undergone HIV testing, and three-quarters of the rest were unwilling to undergo HIV testing in the future. The risk of HIV infection as a result of the non-use of condoms was higher among FSW who reported not having been tested and were also unwilling to get tested, and they also held significantly more negative beliefs about HIV/AIDS. 相似文献
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ASCI CCT CMR Guideline Working Group Kakuya Kitagawa Byoung Wook Choi Carmen Chan Masahiro Jinzaki I-Chen Tsai Hwan Seok Yong Wei Yu 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2010,26(2):173-176
There has been a growing need for standard Asian population guidelines for cardiac CT and cardiac MR due to differences in culture, healthcare system, ethnicity and disease prevalence. The Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging, as the only society dedicated to cardiovascular imaging in Asia, formed a cardiac CT and cardiac MR guideline working group in order to help Asian practitioners to establish cardiac CT and cardiac MR services. In this ASCI cardiac MR appropriateness criteria report, 23 Technical Panel members representing various Asian countries were invited to rate 50 indications that can frequently be encountered in clinical practice in Asia. Indications were rated on a scale of 1–9 to be categorized into ‘appropriate’ (7–9), ‘uncertain’ (4–6), or ‘inappropriate’ (1–3). According to median scores of the 23 members, the final ratings for indications were 24 appropriate, 18 uncertain and 8 inappropriate with 22 ‘highly-agreed’ (19 appropriate and 3 inappropriate) indications. This report is expected to have a significant impact on the cardiac MR practices in many Asian countries by promoting the appropriate use of cardiac MR. 相似文献
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ASCI CCT & CMR Guideline Working Group I-Chen Tsai Byoung Wook Choi Carmen Chan Masahiro Jinzaki Kakuya Kitagawa Hwan Seok Yong Wei Yu 《The international journal of cardiovascular imaging》2010,26(1):1-3
Chronic constrictive pericarditis (CCP) is a clinical syndrome caused by compression of the heart due to a thickened or rigid
pericardium. In the affluent West, the majority of cases of CCP are neither tuberculous nor calcific. In an American cohort
undergoing pericardectomy for the condition, only 27% had calcification and under 10% had TB [1]. As a result, pericardial calcification (PC) as a marker of CCP has become neglected. We present a 48-year-old male admitted
with atrial flutter, acute chest infection and signs of right heart congestion. PC was documented one year previously on a
non-contrast CT chest. On this occasion, cardiac catheterisation confirmed hemodynamically significant CCP and cardiac magnetic
resonance (cMR) study showed contiguous mass lesions in the pericardium, compression of the right ventricle, enlargement of
the right atrium, hepatic enlargement and a pneumonic process in the left lung. He was commenced on antibiotics and anti-tuberculous
therapy with a diagnosis of bacterial super-infection of tuberculous CCP. This was confirmed at pericardectomy along with
an infected fistula into the left lung. Any finding of PC should be followed up with a thorough haemodynamic and anatomical
assessment using any of a wide range of non-invasive imaging modalities. 相似文献
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