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排序方式: 共有86条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Kulik W van Weissenbruch MM Menelik N Cranendonk A Kneepkens CM Lafeber HN 《Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications》2001,750(1):147-153
The [13C]octanoic acid breath test was used for the measurement of differences in gastric emptying in preterm infants for the evaluation of pharmacological therapy. In order to perform a good intra-individual comparison of the gastric emptying in preterm infants under non-standardisable test conditions, we adjusted t1/2 for variations in non-recovered label (=label retention) and introduced an "effective half 13CO2 breath excretion time" t1/2eff = t1/2/m expressed as min per percentage of the cumulative dose recovered. In a pilot study, we investigated the action of the gastrointestinal prokinetic drug cisapride on gastric emptying in seven premature infants, of whom four suffered from gastric stasis and three had constipation. The postnatal age and weight at the start of treatment ranged from 15 to 64 days and from 815 to 1635 g, respectively. All infants received the standard formula for premature infants (Nenatal, Nutricia). Cisapride was administered orally 0.2 mg/kg, four times daily. The changes in gastrointestinal motility were studied using the total bowel transit time of carmine red. After 7 days of treatment in all children, the gastric emptying coefficient and the half 13CO2 breath excretion time adjusted for label retention were improved (n=7, the gastric emptying coefficient range before treatment was 1.69-3.34 (mean 2.59 +/- 0.80) and after treatment it was 2.79-3.76 (mean 3.28 +/- 0.30); the half 13CO2 breath excretion time adjusted for label retention range before treatment was 3.0-14.7 min/% dose (mean 7.0 +/- 5.0) and after treatment 2.6-4.0 min/% dose (mean 3.1 +/- 0.6). The total bowel transit time was only slightly improved in two patients (n=7, mean total bowel transit time before: 23.7 h compared to mean total bowel transit time after 7 days of treatment: 35.5 h). Side effects during cisapride treatment were not seen. We conclude that in premature infants cisapride is effective in shortening gastric emptying time and reducing gastric stasis; the therapeutic role in constipation has to be further investigated. 相似文献
2.
J H Hoekstra J H van den Aker Y F Ghoos R Hartemink C M Kneepkens 《Archives of disease in childhood》1995,73(2):126-130
Dietary factors have been shown to contribute to the occurrence or persistence of chronic non-specific diarrhoea (CNSD). Among these are low dietary fat, high fluid consumption, and the consumption of apple juice. Prompted by the clinical impression that freshly pressed and unprocessed (''cloudy'') apple juice was less likely to induce diarrhoea than normal, enzymatically processed (''clear'') apple juice, both juices were compared in terms of carbohydrate malabsorption, gastric emptying, and effects on defecation patterns. Clear and cloudy apple juice differ in their fibre and non-absorbable monosaccharide and oligosaccharide contents. Ten healthy children aged 3.6 to 5.9 years ingested 10 ml/kg of clear and cloudy apple juice; in five of them it was enriched with 40 mg of [1-13C]-glycine. Clear apple juice resulted in increased (> or = 20 ppm) breath hydrogen excretion in 8/10, compared with 5/10 after cloudy apple juice; peak breath hydrogen was higher in the clear apple juice group (35 (4) and 18 (3) ppm, respectively). Gastric emptying as determined by means of labelled breath carbon dioxide (13CO2) excretion was similar with both juices. In a four week crossover clinical trial 12 children, formerly diagnosed as having CNSD, were given extra clear fluids (excluding fruit juices; > or = 50% over basal consumption), clear apple juice, or cloudy apple juice, for five day periods. Extra fluids and cloudy apple juice did not influence stool frequency and consistency compared with the basal period. In contrast, clear apple juice significantly promoted diarrhoea. It is suggested that, in addition to fructose, the increased availability of non-absorbable monosaccharides and oligosaccharides as a result of the enzymatic processing of apple pulp is an important aetiological factor in apple juice induced CNSD. 相似文献
3.
Dumping syndrome is rarely seen in children. We studied ten children with symptoms following various types of gastric surgery. All had abnormal blood glucose and breath hydrogen responses after oral glucose challenge, indicating reduction of both glucose tolerance and glucose absorption, as compared to controls. Glucose tolerance was best expressed as the difference between peak and subsequent lowest blood glucose level, the upper limit of normal (mean + 3 SD) being 5.9 mmol/l. In eight children with persisting symptoms we tested the effects of glucomannan, a highly hygroscopic tasteless fibre, on glucose tolerance and glucose absorption. Glucomannan significantly improved glucose tolerance, but did have no overall effect on glucose absorption. Four children tested glucomannan added to the main meals. Breath hydrogen excretion, as established with the daytime breath hydrogen profile, decreased significantly in two, but complaints increased in three children. Glucomannan does not appear to be suitable for the treatment of dumping syndrome in children as the side effects seem to overrule the beneficial effects. 相似文献
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D. E. Bouman C. M. F. Kneepkens S. Starreveld J. E. Dankert-Roelse B. C. Gonera-de Jong 《Tijdschrift voor kindergeneeskunde》2001,69(4):108-111
A fourteen-year-old girl with Crohn's disease and sclerosing cholangitis with signs of liver cirrhosis, was diagnosed with hepatopulmonary syndrome (hps). For several months she was complaining of progressive fatigue and shortness of breath. Clinical examination revealed permanent low saturation (between 0,60 and 0,70). Based on ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy and with cardiac and pulmonary causes of desaturation excluded, a diagnosis of hps was made. She underwent successful liver transplantation 4 months after diagnosis; two months later saturation had normalised. hps is difficult to diagnose because symptoms lack specificity and its course may be insidious. In children, the diagnosis is often (wrongly) not considered. Liver transplantation is the only successful therapy. Early recognition is of great importance because the rapid progression of the syndrome and the fact that early liver transplantation improves the chances of regression of hps. 相似文献
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9.
Ramon R. Gorter Johanna H. van der Lee Florence A.C.J. Heijsters Huibert A. Cense Roel Bakx C.M. Frank Kneepkens Marc H. Wijnen Alida F.W. van der Steeg Klaas H. int Hof Martin Offringa Hugo A. Heij 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(9):1849-1854
Purpose
To compare the outcome of initially nonoperative treatment with immediate appendectomy for simple appendicitis in children.Methods
Between September 2012 and June 2014 children aged 7–17 years with a radiologically confirmed simple appendicitis were invited to participate in a multicentre prospective cohort study in which they were treated with an initially nonoperative treatment strategy; nonparticipants underwent immediate appendectomy. In October 2015, their rates of complications and subsequent appendectomies, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) were assessed.Results
In this period, 25 children were treated with an initially nonoperative treatment strategy and 19 with immediate appendectomy; median (range) follow-up was 25 (16–36) and 26 (17–34) months, respectively. The percentage [95%CI] of patients experiencing complications in the initially nonoperative group and the immediate appendectomy group was 12 [4–30]% and 11 [3–31]%, respectively. In total 6/25 children (24%) underwent an appendectomy; none of the 6 patients operated subsequently experienced any postappendectomy complications. Overall, HRQOL in the nonoperative treatment group was similar to that of healthy peers.Conclusions
Outcome of initially nonoperative treatment for acute simple appendicitis in children is similar to the outcome in those who undergo immediate appendectomy. Initially nonoperative management seems to be able to avoid appendectomy in 3 out of 4 children.Level of evidence
2 (prospective comparative study). This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. 相似文献10.
Hartdorff Caroline M Frank Kneepkens CM van Dijk Alice EM Stok Anita Engels Michelle AH Gemke Reinoud JBJ Kindermann Angelika 《Tijdschrift voor kindergeneeskunde》2013,81(1):11-11
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde - 相似文献