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1.
Elisabeth Arnauld John du Pont 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1982,394(3):195-201
A close relationship exists between drinking and the release of vasopressin, the two main factors responsible for the maintenance of body water content. Whereas the participation of peripheral factors, such as oropharyngeal stimulation, seems obvious in the metering of fluid intake and in thirst satiation, very little is known about their influence on vasopressin release. In the present experiments, the influence of drinking on vasopressin release was studied using both biochemical and electrophysiological approaches.In one group of monkeys made thirsty by water deprivation, the subsequent drinking of water during a 5–8 min induced: i) a short-term response, consisting of an abrupt fall in plasma vasopressin concentration which was independent of osmolality, occurred at the time of drinking and was partly reversed after the cessation of drinking, and ii) a longer lasting response, consisting of a slow diminution of plasma vasopressin concentration as the intestinal absorption of water progressed. In another group of thirsty monkeys, extracellular recordings were made during drinking from cells which were identified as neurosecretory neurones of the supraoptic nucleus, a number of them being considered vasopressin secreting on the basis of their phasic pattern of firing. Their firing decreased considerably during the periods of water intake and recovered to control levels immediately after-wards.The decrease in vasopressin release at the onset of water intake, the diminution in the firing rate of the neurones, the short latency and the reversibility of these events after cessation of drinking, suggest that a reflex inhibition of vasopressin-secreting neurones occurs which is probably induced by peripheral stimuli and most likely via oropharyngeal or other visceral receptors. It is postulated that this reflex inhibition of vasopressin release may participate in some active manner in the anticipatory mechanisms of thirst satiation. 相似文献
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Claire Berger Lonie Casagranda Hlne Sudour-Bonnange Catherine Massoubre Jean-Hugues Dalle Cecile Teinturier Sylvie Martin-Beuzart Pascale Guillot Virginie Lanlo Muriele Schneider Bernard Dal Molin Michle Dal Molin Olivier Mounier Arnauld Garcin Brice Fresneau Jacqueline Clavel Charlotte Demoor-Goldschmidt 《Applied clinical informatics》2021,12(2):237
Background Today, in France, it is estimated that 1 in 850 people aged between 20 and 45 years has been treated for childhood cancer, which equals 40,000 to 50,000 people. As late effects of the cancer and its treatment affect a large number of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and only 30% of them benefit from an efficient long-term follow-up care for prevention, early detection, and treatment of late effects, health education of CCS represents a challenge of public health. Objectives Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are a recent innovative addition to the online learning landscape. This entertaining and practical tool could easily allow a deployment at a national level and make reliable information available for all the CCS in the country, wherever they live. Methods The MOOC team brings together a large range of specialists involved in the long-term follow-up care, but also associations of CCS, video producers, a communication consultant, a pedagogical designer, a cartoonist and a musician. We have designed three modules addressing transversal issues (lifestyle, importance of psychological support, risks of fertility problems) and eight modules covering organ-specific problems. Detailed data on childhood cancer treatments received were used to allocate the specific modules to each participant. Results This paper presents the design of the MOOC entitled “Childhood Cancer, Living Well, After,” and how its feasibility and its impact on CCS knowledge will be measured. The MOOC about long-term follow-up after childhood cancer, divided into 11 modules, involved 130 participants in its process, and resulted in a 170-minute film. The feasibility study included 98 CCS (31 males vs. 67 females; p < 0.0001). Conclusion Such personalized, free, and online courses with an online forum and a possible psychologist consultation based on unique characteristics and needs of each survivor population could improve adherence to long-term follow-up without alarming them unnecessarily. 相似文献
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Is Nephron Sparing Surgery Justified in Wilms Tumor With Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome or Isolated Hemihypertrophy?
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Aurélien Scalabre MD Christophe Bergeron MD PhD Frederic Brioude MD PhD Linda Dainese MD Claire Cropet MSc Aurore Coulomb L'hermine MD PhD Claudia Pasqualini MD Frederic Auber MD PhD Arnauld Verschuur MD PhD Gudrun Schleiermacher MD PhD Yves Le Bouc MD PhD Georges Audry MD PhD Sabine Irtan MD PhD 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2016,63(9):1571-1577
8.
Deborah A. Vickers Alison Riley Rebecca Ricaud Carl Verschuur Stacey Cooper Terry Nunn 《Cochlear implants international》2016,17(2):17-21
Background: Adult cochlear implant (CI) candidacy is assessed in part by the use of speech perception measures. In the United Kingdom the current cut-off point to fall within the CI candidacy range is a score of less than 50% on the BKB sentences presented in quiet (presented at 70?dBSPL).Goal: The specific goal of this article was to review the benefit of adding the AB word test to the assessment test battery for candidacy.Results: The AB word test scores showed good sensitivity and specificity when calculated based on both word and phoneme scores. The word score equivalent for 50% correct on the BKB sentences was 18.5% and it was 34.5% when the phoneme score was calculated; these scores are in line with those used in centres in Wales (15% AB word score).Conclusion: The goal of the British Cochlear Implant Group (BCIG) service evaluation was to determine if the pre-implant assessment measures are appropriate and set at the correct level for determining candidacy, the future analyses will determine whether the speech perception cut-off point for candidacy should be adjusted and whether other more challenging measures should be used in the candidacy evaluation. 相似文献
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Roderick C.N. van den Bergh Hashim U. Ahmed Chris H. Bangma Matthew R. Cooperberg Arnauld Villers Christopher C. Parker 《European urology》2014
Context
Active surveillance (AS) is an alternative to initial radical treatment of low-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Current criteria for selection and follow-up incorrectly exclude some patients eligible for AS and misclassify some who actually harbour significant disease. Better prediction of cancer behaviour at diagnosis would allow less strict monitoring and may improve acceptance of AS.Objective
To review and critically analyse the literature on the value of novel clinical tools for patient selection and monitoring on AS.Evidence acquisition
A comprehensive search of the PubMed database until July 10, 2013, was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statement guidelines. Studies assessing novel markers and diagnostics for patient selection for AS and follow-up during AS were included. Studies analysing only classic clinical parameters used in current protocols (prostate-specific antigen, prostate volume, number of (positive) prostate biopsies, percentage malignant tissue, Gleason score) were excluded. This review focuses only on the AS setting and not on predicting insignificant disease in general.Evidence synthesis
Of 787 studies on AS, 30 were included in this review: 14 on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 5 on serum markers, 5 on urinary markers, 4 on histopathology markers, and 2 on germline genetic markers. Several of these markers improve the prediction of tumour volume, tumour grade, or time to active treatment. MRI has a high specificity for low-risk PCa; new serum markers are associated with unfavourable disease. In none of the studies was the new marker used as the primary decision tool. Long-term outcome measures such as mortality were not assessed. The definition of indolent PCa is disputable.Conclusions
Imaging and serum markers may improve future patient selection for AS and follow-up during AS. Prospective studies should aim to further evaluate the clinical utility of these new markers with respect to longer term outcomes of AS.Patient summary
We searched the literature for articles reporting new ways to safely monitor low-risk prostate cancer for patients who have not had radical treatment. We found 30 articles. The most promising tools appear to be magnetic resonance imaging scans and various new blood markers. These may be used in the future within active surveillance regimens. 相似文献10.
Laurent Boccon-Gibod Peter Albers Juan Morote Hendrik van Poppel Jean de la Rosette Arnauld Villers Anders Malmberg Anders Neijber Francesco Montorsi 《European urology》2014