电极间距与电极直径对恒功率下双极射频熔脂效果影响的研究

在双极射频应用于局部脂肪堆积的无创治疗的过程中,关于双极射频设备的部分设计参数目前还没有形成统一的规范。采用有限元方法和离体实验,分析双极射频熔脂时不同参数对组织熔脂效果的影响,寻求在双极射频尽量不会对皮肤层造成热损伤的同时,实现较大范围熔脂效果的熔脂参数配置。采用COMSOLMultiphysics进行生物组织热电耦合的有限元分析;为验证模型有效性,采用一种自研的单路双极射频输出设备,对离体猪腹部组织进行实验。有限元分析结果显示:经双极射频加热30min后,在功率为10W,电极球直径分别为3、5、8mm,电极间距分别为2和3cm的熔脂参数配置下,皮肤层的最终温度低于热损伤阈值温度,且部分脂肪层在热损伤区域内;域点探针所显示的脂肪层热损伤区域内的温度变化曲线满足熔脂温度要求。不同熔脂参数配置,对双极射频加热下组织内的温度分布具有显著影响。在10W功率下,采用直径为8mm的球型电极,电极按压皮肤的深度为1mm,在电极间距分别为2和3cm的条件下,脂肪层内产生最大面积的连续热损伤区域和点状热损伤区域,热损伤区域的面积分别为2.84和2.55cm²。相同熔脂参数配置的离体实验表明,与组织模型相同位置处的热电偶探针的最终温度和对应的域点探针相差0.92℃±0.43℃。有限元分析结果和实验结果基本一致。由仿真结果和实验结果可知,上述熔脂参数配置可使双极射频不会对皮肤层造成热损伤,同时在脂肪层内产生有效的热损伤区域,并且热损伤区域内的温度达到了熔脂要求。合理的熔脂参数配置是决定双极射频熔脂是否成功的一项关键因素。     

非普拉宗与泌尿灵联用治疗慢性非细菌性前列腺炎和前列腺痛的疗效观察

将１５６例慢性非细菌性前列腺炎和前列腺痛病人随机分为三组，①Ａ组５１例，年龄２８±８岁，给予泌尿灵４００ｍｇ，２次／ｄ；②Ｂ组４９例，年龄２７±１０岁，给予非普拉宗２００ｍｇ，２次／ｄ；③Ｃ组５６例，年龄３０±７岁，给予泌尿灵４００ｍｇ加非普拉宗２００ｍｇ，２次／ｄ。结果示，Ｃ组总有效率８３．９％，与Ａ组（６４．７％）和Ｂ组（６１．３％）比较，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ａ组在改善尿流率指标方面比Ｂ组好，但Ｂ组解除临床症状比Ａ组好，Ｃ组在改善尿流率指标和解除临床症状方面均优于Ａ与Ｂ组。     

BIM induction of apoptosis triggered by EGFR-sensitive and resistance cell lines of non-small-cell lung cancer

We sought to improve the understanding of oncogene-dependent and independent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which could provide insight into mechanism of sensitivity and/or resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors or chemotherapeutics. NSCLC cell lines with different EGFR genotypes were used in this study; MTT assay and flow cytometry were applied to study the sensitivities of these cell lines to gefitinib and cisplatin. Western blot was performed to determine the expression levels of BIM and other Bcl-2 family proteins pre- and pro-treatment. Gefitinib provoked apoptosis of caspase activation via the intrinsic pathways and significantly up-regulated expression of BIM protein in drug-sensitive PC-9 cell line, but not resistant PC-9/BB4 cell line. The knockdown of BIM expression by RNA interference virtually eliminated gefitinib-induced cell killing in PC-9 cells in vitro. Cisplatin could induce apoptosis of the cell lines, including H1299, A549, PC-9, and PC-9/BB4 cells, but which was not associated with overexpression of BIM. BIM is involved in TKI-induced apoptosis in sensitive EGFR-mutant cell line. Down-regulation of BIM and resistance to gefitinib were both seen in the acquired resistant PC-9/BB4 cell line. The induction of BIM may have a role in the treatment of TKI-resistant tumors.     

RGD-targeted paramagnetic liposomes for early detection of tumor: in vitro and in vivo studies

Magnetic resonance molecular imaging has emerged as a potential approach for tumor diagnosis in the last few decades. This approach consists of the delivery of MR contrast agents to the tumor by specific targeted carriers. For this purpose, a lipopeptide was constructed by using a cyclic RGD peptide headgroup coupled to palmitic acid anchors via a KGG tripeptide spacer. Targeted paramagnetic liposomes were then prepared by the incorporation of RGD-coupled-lipopeptides into lipid bilayers for specific bounding to tumor. In vitro, study demonstrated that RGD-targeted liposomes exhibited a better binding affinity to targeted cells than non-targeted liposomes. MR imaging of mice bearing A549 tumors with the RGD-targeted paramagnetic liposomes also resulted in a greater signal enhancement of tumor compared to non-targeted liposomes and pure contrast agents groups. In addition, biodistribution study also showed specific tumor targeting of RGD-targeted paramagnetic liposomes in vivo. Therefore, RGD-targeted paramagnetic liposomes prepared in the present study may be a more promising method for early tumor diagnosis.     

From the Cover: Bioelectronic silicon nanowire devices using functional membrane proteins

Modern means of communication rely on electric fields and currents to carry the flow of information. In contrast, biological systems follow a different paradigm that uses ion gradients and currents, flows of small molecules, and membrane electric potentials. Living organisms use a sophisticated arsenal of membrane receptors, channels, and pumps to control signal transduction to a degree that is unmatched by manmade devices. Electronic circuits that use such biological components could achieve drastically increased functionality; however, this approach requires nearly seamless integration of biological and manmade structures. We present a versatile hybrid platform for such integration that uses shielded nanowires (NWs) that are coated with a continuous lipid bilayer. We show that when shielded silicon NW transistors incorporate transmembrane peptide pores gramicidin A and alamethicin in the lipid bilayer they can achieve ionic to electronic signal transduction by using voltage-gated or chemically gated ion transport through the membrane pores.     

MiR-200c overexpression is associated with better efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR wild-type

Several randomized trials have demonstrated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations can achieve favorable clinical outcomes on treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). EGFR mutation is considered as a predictive marker for efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC. Here we show miR-200c overexpression was correlated with the epithelial phenotype and sensitivity to gefitinib in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cell lines. Up-regulated miR-200c could regain the sensitivity to gefitinib in the EGFR wild-type cell lines and miR-200c could regulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition through PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways. NSCLC patients at advanced stage (N=150) who received EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib or erlotinib) as second- or third-line therapy from September 2008 to December 2012 were included in the study. In 66 NSCLC patients with wild-type EGFR, high levels of miR-200c expression was associated with higher disease control rate (DCR), longer progression-free survival (PFS) and longer overall survival (OS) compared with low miR-200c expression subgroup. In the subgroup with EGFR mutation, the trend remained the same but not statistically significant. Overall, these findings indicated that miR-200c might be a predictive biomarker for sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs in advanced NSCLC patients with wild-type EGFR.     

锁定钢板微创内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折护理体会

目的探讨锁定钢板微创内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的护理体会。方法对75例应用锁定钢板微创内固定治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果除3例出院后并发其他疾病死亡外,其余72例均达到骨性愈合,未发生并发症。结论锁定钢板微创内固定治疗老年粗隆间骨折不仅手术创伤小、出血量少、预后好、安全性高,大大提高了老年人的生活质量,而且提高了护理满意度。     

脂肪干细胞在同种异体复合组织移植中的作用及其临床应用展望

同种异体复合组织移植是临床修复重建的重要手段,但术后长期应用免疫抑制剂所导致的副作用仍是亟待解决的难题,细胞治疗联合传统免疫抑制剂治疗有望解决这一难题。间质干细胞,特别是脂肪干细胞,被认为可用于延长移植物存活及改善免疫排斥情况的发生。其在同种异体复合组织移植中发挥的作用包括旁分泌免疫调节因子抑制免疫排斥反应、诱导调节性T细胞产生、形成嵌合体诱导免疫耐受,以及改善移植过程中缺血再灌注损伤等。但是,该方法要真正应用于临床前,相关问题如使用剂量、时机及安全性等仍需经过进一步深入研究。     

性成熟期前后睾丸及附睾碱性磷酸酶分布的观察

目的：探讨睾丸、附睾精子发生、发育和分化过程中碱性磷酸酶的分布规律,以期为男性生殖理论及抗生精药物的研究提供科学依据。方法：取不同鼠龄雄性小白鼠睾丸、附睾恒冷箱切片,碱性磷酸酶钙钴法染色。结果：３周、４周小鼠睾丸生精小管周组织中碱性磷酸酶反应产物基本接近于成熟期小鼠。８周小鼠其碱性磷酸酶反应产物已达成年水平。３周小鼠附睾处碱性磷酸酶均呈阴性反应,４周小鼠仅在附睾头部分附睾管上皮细胞游离缘呈碱性磷酸酶阳性反应,８周小鼠附睾头处附睾管上皮细胞游离缘碱性磷酸酶呈强阳性反应。附睾体、尾处碱性磷酸酶呈阴性反应。结论：性成熟期前睾丸生精小管周组织中碱性磷酸酶反应已接近成熟期水平。附睾中碱性磷酸酶分布有明显的阶段性,不仅与性成熟有关,还与附睾内精子密集程度有一定关系