氧腹腔气体置换对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后胃肠动力影响的临床研究

为观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）及LC术后进行O2气置换对胃肠动力的影响。笔者对15例腹腔O2气体置换行LC的患者（O2置换组）与同期15例仅行LC的患者（常规LC组）进行对照，于术前、术后行胃电图检查及胃肠激素检测。结果示，O2置换组LC术后3d内全部病例气腹均未完全吸收，占100%;常规LC组LC术后3d内均完全吸收。O2置换组术后胃肠动力恢复慢;O2置换组LC术后气腹存留时限明显长于常规LC组（P<0.01）。提示术后腹腔气体存留可能不利于胃肠动力的恢复。     

癫(癎)患者先兆症状的研究

目的 探讨癫(癎)患者先兆症状的发生比例、临床表现,为正确诊断治疗癫(癎)提供依据.方法 回顾性研究1028例癫(癎)患者的临床资料,分析癫(癎)患者的先兆发生率、临床表现、脑电图和神经影像学结果.比较伴或不伴先兆的部分性发作癫(癎)患者的发病年龄、性别、脑电图、神经影像学的差异以及腹部先兆在颞叶内外侧癫(癎)出现比例的差异.结果 部分性癫(癎)725例,484例(66.8 % )出现先兆;全面性发作者303例,无一例患者出现先兆.64例患者出现2种或2种以上的先兆表现;14例出现持续性先兆的癫(癎)患者.1028例患者中脑电图异常547例(53.2 % ),影像学异常217例(21.1 % ).484例有先兆症状的患者中286例脑电图异常(59.1 % ),126例(26.0 % )影像学异常.伴或不伴先兆的部分性发作癫(癎)患者的首次发病年龄差异无统计学意义,腹部先兆在颞叶内外侧癫(癎)出现的比例差异有统计学意义(x2=170.877,P<0.01).结论 癫(癎)患者先兆症状多样,分析先兆症状对于癫(癎)分型、病灶定位以及合理治疗有指导意义.     

Pediatric valve replacement, 15 years experience in Oman

Background Despite improving surgical techniques, treatment of heart valve disease in children remains controversial. Somatic growth and adequate anticoagulation are of concern when children undergo valve replacement. We conducted this study to evaluate the performance of valves in this age group. Methods 42 children under the age of 13 years who underwent valve replacement were included in this study. Totally, 50 valves were implanted in 42 patients: 48 were mechanical prostheses, two were bioprosthetic both in pulmonary position. 37 (74%) valves were implanted in mitral position, 10 (20%) in aortic position, 1 (2%) in tricuspid position and 2 (4%) in pulmonary position. Preoperatively, 14 (33,3%) patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV, while 27 (64.2%) were in NYHA class III. Results There were 2 (4.7%) hospital deaths and 2 (4.7%) late deaths while 2 (4.7%) patients were lost to follow up. The mean follow up period was 9.4 yrs. 35 (83.3%) patients are in NYHA Class I and free of all medications except warfarin. 3 (7.1%) patients have undergone 5 successful pregnancies. The median INR was 2.23. Major thrombo-embolic episode occurred in 1 (2.3%) patient. Conclusions In view of the problems of sizing, anticoagulation and need for re-operation at an early age, there is a reluctance to replace valves in children. This study shows that despite these problems, valve replacement can be undertaken safely and successfully in children, when repair has failed or not technically feasible.     

良性小脑出血13例分析

笔者对13例良性小脑出血的患者,从起病、临床表现进行了具体分析.总结出中老年良性小脑出血的6个特点,供临床工作者参考.     

慢性肾功能不全肾活检的风险与价值分析

慢性肾功能不全（CRI）患者行经皮肾穿刺活检（PRB）是否仍有临床价值，其效益安全比如何，目前仍有争议。我们通过回顾分析，探讨CRI患者行经皮肾穿刺活检的价值与风险。     

箍效应在前牙核桩冠修复中的作用

目的 观察箍效应在前牙核桩冠修复中对修复体抗折力的影响。方法 选用离体上中切牙20颗，分2组按不同方式制作核桩冠修复体，粘固；用万能测试机加载，测试抗折力。结果 试验组修复体抗折力明显大于对照组，两组差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论 冠与牙根之间的箍效应对提高核桩冠修复体抗折力有明显的作用。应尽量保留牙体组织，提高冠与牙根之间的箍效应。     

Predicting outbreaks: a spatial risk assessment of West Nile virus in British Columbia

Background  

West Nile virus (WNv) has recently emerged as a health threat to the North American population. After the initial disease outbreak in New York City in 1999, WNv has spread widely and quickly across North America to every contiguous American state and Canadian province, with the exceptions of British Columbia (BC), Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland. In this study we develop models of mosquito population dynamics for Culex tarsalis and C. pipiens, and create a spatial risk assessment of WNv prior to its arrival in BC by creating a raster-based mosquito abundance model using basic geographic and temperature data. Among the parameters included in the model are spatial factors determined from the locations of BC Centre for Disease Control mosquito traps (e.g., distance of the trap from the closest wetland or lake), while other parameters were obtained from the literature. Factors not considered in the current assessment but which could influence the results are also discussed.     

重症急性胰腺炎的抗菌药物应用

重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）易继发胰腺和胰周感染,并可导致脓毒症,病死率高,是SAP后期死亡的主要原因。合理应用抗菌药物是预防和治疗SAP继发感染的重要措施,笔者就SAP抗菌药物的应用进行综述。     

经尿道电切与气化切割和激光治疗前列腺增生症的疗效比较

目的 :比较经尿道电切前列腺术 (TURP) ,经尿道前列腺气化切除术 (TUVP)及经尿道接触式激光前列腺切除术 (TULP)的治疗效果。方法 :在 30 0 0例前列腺增生症患者中 ,按三种术式各随机抽取 2 0例术前条件具有可比性的患者 ,进行疗效比较。结果 :3种术式患者手术前后前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率 (MFR)、剩余尿 (PVR)比较均得到显著改善 (P <0 .0 1) ,3组之间相比差异无显著性意义(P >0 .0 5 )。手术时间 :TUVP及TURP组明显短于TULP组 (P <0 .0 1) ,术中失血量及术后置管时间 :TUVP及TULP组明显少于TURP组 (P <0 .0 1)。TURP组术后继发感染、出血、暂时性尿失禁发生率少于TUVP及TULP组。结论 :3种术式治疗效果相同 ;TUVP操作简单、安全 ,对初学者来说尤其适宜 ;TURP仍为治疗BPH的金标准术式