BackgroundDiabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes that can lead to irreversible blindness. Microalbuminuria is strongly associated with diabetic retinopathy and can be used as a reliable marker of diabetic retinopathy.AimTo assess the association between DR, microalbuminuria, and other modifiable risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methodology3090 patients with T2DM visiting North Delhi Diabetes Centre, New Delhi between July 2016 to October 2019 were evaluated for the clinical and biochemical parameters that included urinary albumin, HbA1C, lipid profiles, serum creatinine estimation and underwent biothesiometry.Results3090 patients (1350 females and 1740 males), with mean age of 52.7 ± 9.2 years and diabetes duration ranging from 1 to 19 years (mean 9.4 ± 6), duration of less than 5 years, 6–10 years and more than 10 years in 52%, 26% and in 22%, respectively. Duration of diabetes was strong predictor of retinopathy (p = 0.001). The HbA1c and BMI in patients with DR was significantly higher than in those without DR. 18.2% patients were diagnosed to have retinopathy. Peripheral neuropathy was observed in 24.2% and was positively associated with DR (p = 0.002). 33.9% and 4.5% patients had microalbuminuria macroalbuminuria, respectively and 9.7% patients had creatinine >1.3 mg/dL. There was significant positive relationship between different grades of retinopathy and albuminuria.ConclusionsOur study is a large real-world study that demonstrates that HbA1c, BMI, duration of diabetes, microalbuminuria and peripheral neuropathy are relatively, yet cohesively contributing factors towards varying grade of retinopathy. 相似文献
Journal of Neuro-Oncology - Radiation induced meningioma (RIM) incidence is increasing in line with improved childhood cancer survival. No optimal management strategy consensus exists. This study... 相似文献
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries - Teleophthalmology for diabetic retinopathy seems to be a cost-effective, accurate, and reliable method for screening for diabetic... 相似文献
The stiffness of brain tissue changes during development and disease. These changes can affect neuronal morphology, specifically dendritic arborization. We previously reported that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors regulate dendrite number and branching in a manner that is dependent on substrate stiffness. Since mitochondria affect the shape of dendrites, in this study, we determined whether the stiffness of substrates on which rat hippocampal neurons are grown affects mitochondrial characteristics and if glutamate receptors mediate the effects of substrate stiffness. Dendritic mitochondria are small, short, simple, and scarce in neurons cultured on substrates of 0.5 kPa stiffness. In contrast, dendritic mitochondria are large, long, complex, and low in number in neurons grown on substrates of 4 kPa stiffness. Dendritic mitochondria of neurons cultured on glass are high in number and small with complex shapes. Treatment of neurons grown on the stiffer gels or glass with the NMDA and AMPA receptor antagonists, 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, respectively, results in mitochondrial characteristics of neurons grown on the softer substrate. These results suggest that glutamate receptors play important roles in regulating both mitochondrial morphology and dendritic arborization in response to substrate stiffness.
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - The heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) confers variable response to chemotherapy that results in poor outcome and relapse. Due to lack of... 相似文献
ObjectiveThere are few studies evaluating the impact of Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) treatment on otologic symptoms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and aspirin desensitization (AD) on otologic symptoms in subjects with AERD.MethodsRetrospective chart review of adult patients diagnosed with AERD at our tertiary Care Academic Medical Center - Otorhinolaryngology Department. Charts of adult patients diagnosed with AERD who underwent ESS and ASA desensitization at our institution's AERD Center from 2016 to 2019 were reviewed. Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test 22-item survey (SNOT-22) scores were evaluated for patients at various time points including: pre-surgery, post-surgery/pre-aspirin desensitization, and various times post-desensitization up to >12 months. Within the SNOT-22, otologic-specific subdomain scores were evaluated at similar time points. Patients on immunomodulatory medications other than corticosteroids were excluded from analysis.ResultsSNOT-22 scores were analyzed for 121 patients. There was a significant improvement in overall SNOT scores from pre-surgery (44.62) to post surgery/pre-desensitization (23.34) (P < 0.0005). Similarly, SNOT-22 otologic-specific scores also improved after surgery prior to desensitization (3.19–2.04) (P = 0.005). Following AD, the improvement in the overall SNOT-22 continued to improve for up to 12 months (P < 0.005). While the otologic-specific SNOT-22 scores remained stable after surgery and ASA desensitization.ConclusionESS and AD reduce otologic-specific SNOT-22 scores and parallel trends in overall SNOT-22 scores. The effect of treatment is durable over the course of 12 months. Future work should aim to correlate otologic SNOT-22 scores with objective otologic data. 相似文献