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排序方式: 共有206条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Laparoscopic surgery has several advantages over traditional surgery because it has been shown to be less invasive. The next logical step in the evolution of minimally invasive surgery may be to eliminate all abdominal incisions. The natural orifices provide a port of entry via the gastrointestinal tract to the peritoneal cavity. This approach would require the creation of a perforation, which is considered to be a major complication of endoscopy with significant morbidity and mortality. However, there are several recent studies that have described the technical feasibility and safety of a per‐oral transgastric approach to the peritoneal cavity using conventional endoscopes. Theoretically, this approach could reduce postoperative abdominal wall pain, wound infection, hernia formation, and adhesions. This article aims to summarize the current status of transgastric surgery, currently referred to as natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES), and to address some of its future challenges. 相似文献
2.
Motohisa Kaneko M.D KO Watanabe M.D Hisashi Kumashiro M.D 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》1992,46(3):711-720
Abstract: The plasma ratio of each neutral amino acid (tryptophan (TRP), tyrosine (TYR), valine, isoleucine, leucine (LEU) or phenylalanine) to the sum of the other neutral amino acids was measured in 16 : manic and 14 : depressed patients. In the manics, there was a correlation between the psychomotor activity and the plasma TRP and LEU ratios. In the depressives, the depressed mood, retardation and global severity were correlated with the TRP ratio. The zotepine responders showed an increase in the TRP ratio after treatment. In the mianserin responders, the TYR ratio, which was high before the treatment, decreased to the normal range after the treatment. But, the plasma amino acid ratios remained unchanged in the patients treated with lithium carbonate or amitriptyhe. These results suggest that, in manic-depressive illness, there might be abnormalities in the metabolism of neutral amino acids, mainly of TRP and TYR, and that the plasma TRP and TYR ratios might be important indicators for determining the efflcacy of some drugs. 相似文献
3.
4.
S-A Ivarsson D Bergqvist NR Lundström E Maly KO Nilsson C Wattsgård 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1992,81(12):1044-1048
We report a case of Takayasu's disease with severe renovascular hypertension in a girl from Eritrea. In the "burn-out" phase after the erythrocyte sedimentation rate had normalized, reconstructive vascular surgery was performed as further progression of the disease seemed unlikely. However, probably due to her growth, the graft rotated and a second operation was successfully performed. 相似文献
5.
目的探讨马来酸曲美布汀对肠易激综合征的治疗效果。方法将诊断为肠易激综合征(IBS)的97例患者随机分成试验组(47例)和对照组(50例),试验组给予马来酸曲美布汀,对照组使用复合维生素B作为安慰剂,两组疗程均为6周,治疗期间均停用其他药物,分别于治疗前及治疗的第2、4、6周及随访8、12周末进行症状评价及评分。结果试验组治疗后积分明显下降,治疗前后比较差异有非常显著性(P〈0.01);对照组积分下降不明显,治疗前后比较差异无显著性(P〉0.05);治疗4周后两组间比较,试验组积分下降较对照组明显,差异有非常显著性(P〈0.01);治疗后两组疗效比较,试验组在2周后有效率达34%,8周和12周时分别达到83%和82%,疗效明显高于对照组,差异有非常显著性(P〈0.01)。结论马来酸曲美布汀对难治性功能性消化不良具有良好的治疗作用和安全性。 相似文献
6.
Enhancing and suppressing effects of recombinant murine macrophage inflammatory proteins on colony formation in vitro by bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells 总被引:24,自引:4,他引:24
Broxmeyer HE; Sherry B; Lu L; Cooper S; Oh KO; Tekamp-Olson P; Kwon BS; Cerami A 《Blood》1990,76(6):1110-1116
Purified recombinant (r) macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIPs) 1 alpha, 1 beta, and 2 were assessed for effects on murine (mu) and human (hu) marrow colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) and burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) colonies. Recombinant MIP-1 alpha, -1 beta, and -2 enhanced muCFU-GM colonies above that stimulated with 10 to 100 U natural mu macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or rmuGM-CSF, with enhancement seen on huCFU-GM colony formation stimulated with suboptimal rhuM-CSF or rhuGM-CSF; effects were neutralized by respective MIP-specific antibodies. Macrophage inflammatory proteins had no effects on mu or huBFU-E colonies stimulated with erythropoietin (Epo). However, natural MIP-1 and rMIP-1 alpha, but not rMIP-1 beta or -2, suppressed muCFU-GM stimulated with pokeweed mitogen spleen-conditioned medium (PWMSCM), huCFU-GM stimulated with optimal rhuGM-CSF plus rhu interleukin-3 (IL-3), muBFU- E and multipotential progenitors (CFU-GEMM) stimulated with Epo plus PWMSCM, and huBFU-E and CFU-GEMM stimulated with Epo plus rhuIL-3 or rhuGM-CSF. The suppressive effects of natural MIP-1 and rMIP-1 alpha were also apparent on a population of BFU-E, CFU-GEMM, and CFU-GM present in cell-sorted fractions of human bone marrow (CD34 HLA-DR+) highly enriched for progenitors with cloning efficiencies of 42% to 75%. These results, along with our previous studies, suggest that MIP-1 alpha, -1 beta, and -2 may have direct myelopoietic enhancing activity for mature progenitors, while MIP-1 alpha may have direct suppressing activity for more immature progenitors. 相似文献
7.
Trimble CL Richards LA Wilgus-Wegweiser B Plowden K Rosenthal DL Klassen A 《Obstetrics and gynecology》2004,103(2):310-316
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effectiveness of an inpatient, hospital-based cervical cancer screening program at a single institution. METHODS: Between January 1999 and December 2002, 1,117 women admitted to the Johns Hopkins Hospital underwent Papanicolaou (Pap) test screening during their hospital stay. In that time period, 111,933 women were screened at all of the combined Hopkins outpatient clinics. We compared rates of abnormal Pap tests in these cohorts (retrospective cohort study). Our main outcome measure was the prevalence of abnormal Pap tests among the screening population by age group, ethnicity, and insurance status compared between our outpatient and inpatient populations. RESULTS: The prevalence of abnormal Pap tests in the inpatient cohort was twice as high as that in the outpatient setting (15.5% versus 7%). The prevalence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), the immediate precursor lesion to cervical cancer, was nearly 5-fold higher in the inpatient cohort compared with the outpatient cohort (3% versus 0.7%). In multivariable models, younger women had greater risk for all types of abnormal Pap tests, and black women had greater risk for HSIL. Previous abnormal Pap and human immunodeficiency virus-positive status were associated with all abnormal tests and with HSIL results. CONCLUSIONS: A hospital-based, inpatient Pap test program is an efficient strategy for targeting limited screening funds toward women at high risk of invasive cervical cancer. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2 相似文献
8.
KM Aaberg A-S Eriksson J Ramm-Pettersen KO Nakken 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2012,101(12):e557-e560
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term results of resective surgery on children with difficult-to-treat epilepsy in Norway. Methods: In the period 1995–2004, 64 surgical procedures (54 resections and 10 functional hemispherotomies) were performed in 54 children. The children’s medical records were retrospectively reviewed at a minimum of 2 years after surgery. We sent a questionnaire regarding their epilepsy (seizures, usage of antiepileptic drugs) and general functioning (social situation, motor, language, cognition, behavioural or emotional problems, any remedial action) to the children/parents after a mean follow-up period of 7 years. Results: 55.5% of the children were seizure-free. The success rate varied according to the type of surgery. Best results were found after functional hemispherotomies and temporal lobe resections, as nine of 10 (90%) and 10 of 19 (53%) of these patients, respectively, became seizure-free. In addition to a better seizure control, 71% of the children/parents reported of a better cognitive and psychosocial functioning. Conclusion: The results of epilepsy surgery in this paediatric cohort are very edifying, and it is our impression that this treatment option is underused in Norway. 相似文献
9.
K O Plowden 《The ABNF journal》1999,10(1):4-8
Research studies show that African American men or more likely to develop and die of prostate cancer than any other ethnic group. The disparity is partially associated with the motivators of behaviors in African American men. In particular, perception of outcomes in relationship to behavioral performances influences whether a task will be initiated. This paper examines prostate cancer in African American men using components of the Health Belief Model. Implications, for professional nurses in designing interventions to encourage early screening and treatment for prostate cancer, are included. 相似文献
10.
BACKGROUND: Good asthma control requires optimal medical treatment in conjunction with appropriate self-management. In the West, the effectiveness of patient education on improving self-management has been well documented. However, data amongst Asian populations are lacking. We performed a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of a hospital based education programme aimed at improving self-management skills and reducing morbidity in a Chinese population with low socioeconomic status and education level. METHODS: Our asthma education programme was a low-cost programme conducted in essence by specialist respiratory nurses. Patients attending our asthma clinic were instructed during a two-hour educational session on the pathophysiology of asthma, its potential triggers, the appropriate use of medications including proper inhaler techniques, and the self-management of their disease. These instructions were reinforced by video sessions at subsequent outpatient clinic attendance when patients' inhaler and peak flow techniques were checked by the same nurses and their self-management plan re-examined by the attending physicians. Asthma knowledge, inhaler technique, FEV1 and peak expiratory flow (PEF), and patients' self-rating of their asthma were determined at baseline, 6 months and 1 year after the intervention. Morbidity was assessed by the numbers of hospitalizations, unscheduled visits to family physicians and accident and emergency department attendance, courses of oral steroid used and days off work or school at baseline and 1 year. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty patients were recruited for the study, 83% completing the entire assessment period. The group demonstrated significant improvements in lung function: the mean FEV1 +/- SD increased from 63.6 +/- 20.6% of predicted values at baseline to 68.5 +/- 22.3% at 6 months and 68.6 +/- 22.8% at 1 year (P < 0.05), and the mean PEF +/- SD increased from 64.6 +/- 23.0% of predicted values at baseline to 75.4 +/- 27.0% at 6 months and 76.8 +/- 24.5% at 1 year(P < 0.001). There were also significant improvements in inhaler technique (P < 0.01), asthma knowledge (P < 0.001), patients' self-rating of their asthma (P < 0.05), and reductions in the numbers of hospitalizations (P < 0.01), visits to family physicians (P < 0.001) and accident and emergency department attendance (P < 0.001) during the study period. Patients with moderate to severe asthma as defined by an FEV1 of < 80% of predicted values were most likely to benefit from the programme. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that patient education is likely to be an essential component in the holistic approach to the management of asthma even amongst Asian populations of low socioeconomic status and education level. Further studies using randomised controlled trials are necessary to consolidate our findings. 相似文献