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Uwe Schneider PhD Antony Lomax Peter Pemler Jürgen Besserer Dieter Ross Norbert Lombriser Barbara Kaser-Hotz 《Strahlentherapie und Onkologie》2006,182(11):647-652
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is concern about the increase of radiation-induced malignancies with the application of modern radiation treatment techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and proton radiotherapy. Therefore, X-ray scatter and neutron radiation as well as the impact of the primary dose distribution on secondary cancer incidence are analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The organ equivalent dose (OED) concept with a linear-exponential and a plateau dose-response curve was applied to dose distributions of 30 patients who received radiation therapy of prostate cancer. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was used in eleven patients, another eleven patients received IMRT with 6-MV photons, and eight patients were treated with spot-scanned protons. The treatment plans were recalculated with 15-MV and 18-MV photons. Secondary cancer risk was estimated based on the OED for the different treatment techniques. RESULTS: A modest increase of 15% radiation-induced cancer results from IMRT using low energies (6 MV), compared to conventional four-field planning with 15-MV photons (plateau dose-response: 1%). The probability to develop a secondary cancer increases with IMRT of higher energies by 20% and 60% for 15 MV and 18 MV, respectively (plateau dose-response: 2% and 30%). The use of spot-scanned protons can reduce secondary cancer incidence as much as 50% (independent of dose-response). CONCLUSION: By including the primary dose distribution into the analysis of radiation-induced cancer incidence, the resulting increase in risk for secondary cancer using modern treatment techniques such as IMRT is not as dramatic as expected from earlier studies. By using 6-MV photons, only a moderate risk increase is expected. Spot-scanned protons are the treatment of choice in regard to secondary cancer incidence. 相似文献
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J. Saßmannshausen N. Bornfeld A. Kluge W. Sauerwein F. Härting A. Wessing 《International ophthalmology》1989,13(4):243-251
Advanced malignant melanomas of the uvea unsuited for an eye salvaging approach require enucleation of the tumor containing eye. A series of 68 patients is reported who underwent enucleation combined with insertion of a spherical dura-encased implant after 30 Gray pre-irridiation therapy of the orbit. Postoperative results with special attention to cosmetic outcome and motility of the prosthesis suggest that the insertion of an orbital implant should be preferred to the enucleation with no implant. 相似文献
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Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 14 cases of tuberculous meningitis (TBM), 12 of which were examined during the acute phase of the disease. CT findings in these cases included internal hydrocephalus (6/12), internal combined with external hydrocephalus (2/12), focal lesions consistent with localized encephalitis (3/12), diffuse brain edema (1/12), and middle cerebral artery infarction (1/12). In comparison to 32 cases of nonspecific bacterial meningitis, internal hydrocephalus was found significantly more often in TBM than in nonspecific meningitis (p less than 0.01) making CT an additional tool for the differentiation of these conditions in doubtful cases. In addition, CT features of 2 cases of cerebral tuberculoma are presented. 相似文献
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Combination of intermittent haemodialysis and high-volume continuous haemofiltration for the treatment of severe metformin-induced lactic acidosis. 总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13
Ulf Panzer Stefan Kluge Georg Kreymann Gunter Wolf 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2004,19(8):2157-2158
Sir, Metformin has been used for many decades as an effective glucose-loweringmedication in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recentstudies clearly demonstrated that metformin reduced secondarycomplications of diabetes mellitus type 2 without promotingweight gain, which is in contrast to treatment with insulinand/or sulphonylurea [1]. Lactic acidosis is a serious sideeffect observed with metformin treatment and 相似文献