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1.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to report habitual physical activity levels in women and document the change in level of activity and factors affecting this change over a 5-year period. METHODS: A 5-year prospective cohort design was used. Women aged 40-80 years, living independently in the community, were recruited via the electoral role. The effects were investigated, first, of age, activity level, history of falls, number of co-morbidities and medications, body mass index and stability at baseline on change in activity level and, second, change in these demographics on activity level over the study period. RESULTS: Data from 459 women who completed our study are reported. Only activity level and body mass index at baseline significantly affected change in activity level (p<0.000). Change in activity level was not influenced by change in demographics over the study period. The forties and fifties cohorts accounted for the baseline body mass index effect on activity change (p<0.04). In the forties cohort, number of medical conditions at base line (p<0.03) and, in the sixties cohort, increase in number of medical conditions (p=0.011) affected activity level change. CONCLUSIONS: Activity level at baseline and body mass index in younger women were most likely to affect change over time. Being unsteady or having already fallen did not stimulate change. 相似文献
2.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
3.
W. Weber G. Kewitz K. L. Rost M. Looby M. Nitz L. Harnisch 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1993,44(Z1):S23-S25
A population kinetic analysis was carried out on sparse plasma gentamicin (GE) concentration data from 469 neonates obtained as part of a routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) programme in the hospital neonatology unit.The best predictors of the kinetic parameters of the monoexponential model, volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL), were the weight (WT) and gestational age (GA). Vd of the neonates was only related to WT, whereas the half-life was only related to the GA. 相似文献
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5.
Nitz D Tononi G 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2002,146(2):265-270
Simultaneous recordings of multiple single unit activity in both cerebral and cerebellar cortex, cortical EEG, and both nuchal and vibrissal EMG were obtained in nine unrestrained rats. Putative Purkinje cells of the deep vermal cerebellar cortex exhibited rhythmic discharge of simple spikes with extremely low variability in interspike intervals for several hours. The highly rhythmic nature of spike discharge was remarkably stable across all states of sleep (both slow-wave and rapid eye movement sleep) and wake including quiet waking, grooming, eating, running in a familiar environment, and exploring a novel environment. The frequencies at which oscillatory discharges took place varied, among different cells, between 16 and 142 Hz; however, 75% of the recorded cells discharged at frequencies between 20 and 50 Hz. From recordings in which two to four such cells were recorded simultaneously, evidence was found for multiple cells firing at the same frequency as well as for multiple cells firing at different frequencies. The precise timing of spike discharge in these cells makes them potential candidates to participate in timing functions thought to depend on the cerebellum 相似文献
6.
Rachel Wuerstlein Nadia Harbeck Eva-Maria Grischke Dirk Forstmeyer Raquel von Schumann Petra Krabisch Kerstin Lüdtke-Heckenkamp Andrea Stefek Oliver Stoetzer Andrea Grafe Gabriele Kaltenecker Helmut Forstbauer Doris Augustin Iris Schrader Joke Tio Ulrike Nitz Oleg Gluz Ronald E. Kates Monika Karla Graeser 《Breast care (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,16(1):50
BackgroundProtroca evaluated the efficacy and safety of primary and secondary prophylaxis of neutropenia with lipegfilgrastim (Lonquex®) in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy (CT).Patients and MethodsOf the 255 patients enrolled, 248 patients were evaluable for the intent-to-treat (ITT) and 194 patients for the per-protocol set. Primary and secondary end points after lipegfilgrastim treatment were assessed.ResultsNine patients of the ITT set receiving lipegfilgrastim as primary prophylaxis (n = 222) had febrile neutropenia of grade 3–4 (5 patients) or infection of grade 3–4 (4 patients); 1/26 of those receiving secondary prophylaxis had an event. Dose reductions were performed in 9.5% of the patients. Postponement of cancer CT cycles for >3 days occurred in <15% of patients; 10.8% (92/851 AEs) and 8% (2/25 SAEs) of documented adverse events and serious adverse events, respectively, were related to lipegfilgrastim.ConclusionsApplication of lipegfilgrastim was effective as primary and secondary prophylaxis in the prevention of CT-induced neutropenia in breast cancer. 相似文献
7.
This study assessed whether the goodness of fit--between early adolescents temperaments and their parents and peers demands, or "ethnotheories", regarding temperament--was more related to adjustment than were acontextual measures of temperament alone. Data from the Pennsylvania Early Adolescent Transitions Study, a short-term longitudinal investigation of 153 adolescents from the beginning of sixth grade to the end of seventh grade, were used. Temperament was indexed by the nine attributes measured by the Revised Dimension of Temperament Survey, and the measures of demands regarding temperament were derived from different versions of this instrument. Adjustment was indexed by teacher ratings of academic and social competence and by parent ratings of problem behaviors. At the end of Grade 6 and the beginning of Grade 7, the number of significant relations between the adjustment measures and the fit scores tended to be greater than the number of significant relations between adjustment and temperament, measured alone. Moreover, groups formed on the basis of high vs. low temperament fit showed differential adjustment scores: adolescents in the low fit group in regard to both peer- and parent-demands received lower teacher ratings of scholastic competence, and higher parent ratings for conduct and school problems, than did the adolescents in the high fit group. 相似文献
8.
Volker B. Fiedler Rolf-Eberhard Nitz 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1981,317(1):71-77
Summary The effects of i.v. molsidomine administration on the coronary circulation, myocardial oxygen consumption, and haemodynamics were studied in open-chest dogs with non-constricted coronary arteries, and compared to those of nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate. Molsidomine (50, 100, 250 g/kg) reduced coronary flow while nitroglycerin (5, 10, 20 g/kg) and isosorbide dinitrate (50, 100, 250 g/kg) augmented coronary flow indicating coronary dilatation. Coronary resistance remained unaffected by molsidomine but fell after both nitrates. Molsidomine decreased myocardial oxygen consumption whereas nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate initially increased oxygen consumption followed by a reduction. A decrease in stroke work was calculated after all three drugs. Minute work fell after molsidomine and nitroglycerin but not after isosorbide dinitrate.Heart rate and contractility remained unchanged by molsidomine but were both significantly enhanced by both nitrates. Stroke volume and cardiac output fell after molsidomine but increased immediately after both nitrates when administered with a subsequent decrease. Peripheral resistance was unchanged by the low dose of molsidomine but significantly decreased by the two nitrates immediately after administration indicating precapillary vasodilatation. The fall in blood pressure after molsidomine followed the reduction in cardiac output as sequel of lowered preload and venous return to the heart. The same mechanism decreased heart work after both nitrates but in addition vasodilatation of the coronary arteries and arterial vessel occurred.The effects of the three compounds are mainly the consequence of extracardiac effects, i.e. increased capacity of postcapillary vessels (molsidomine) plus arteriolar vasodilatation of short (nitroglycerin) and long duration (isosorbide dinitrate), respectively. Whereas molsidomine exerts no effects on the heart and coronary circulation both nitrates dilate coronary arteries and change heart performance thus indicating direct effects on the entire heart. 相似文献
9.
The O'Donoghue triad revisited. Combined knee injuries involving anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament tears 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We identified 60 consecutive patients with combined anterior cruciate and medial collateral ligament (ACL-MCL) disruptions that were incurred during athletic endeavors. Each underwent acute reconstruction of the ACL. The arthroscopic data obtained at the time of reconstructive surgery was reviewed in order to determine the incidence of O'Donoghue's triad (the "unhappy triad"), consisting of ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus tears. Patients were subdivided into two groups for analysis based upon the degree of MCL injury at time of presentation (Group I, 35 patients with a second-degree sprain; Group II, 25 patients with a complete, or third-degree injury). Medial meniscus tears were an uncommon finding. Lateral meniscus tears significantly out-numbered medial meniscus tears in both groups, occurring in 25 (71%) of Group I patients and 8 (32%) of those in Group II. Even chondral fractures of the lateral femoral condyle outnumbered medial meniscus tears [6 (17%) versus 4 (11%)] in patients with a second-degree MCL sprain. Furthermore, when present in Group I patients, tears of the medial meniscus were associated with a concomitant lateral meniscus injury. Group II patients were more likely (60%) than Group I not to have any meniscal abnormality at all. We conclude that the classic O'Donoghue triad is, in fact, an unusual clinical entity among athletes with knee injuries; it might be more accurately described as a triad consisting of ACL, MCL, and lateral meniscus tears. This injury combination appears to be more common when an incomplete, or second-degree, tear of the medial collateral has occurred.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
10.
Volker B. Fiedler Sybylle Buchheim Helmut Göbel Rolf-Eberhard Nitz 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1982,321(4):314-320
Summary The effects of i.v. molsidomine and dopamine infusion on mean haemodynamic changes, myocardial oxygen consumption (pressure-rate-product), and ultimate infarct size were studied in pentobarbital-anaesthetized, open-chest dogs and compared to those occurring in dogs receiving saline infusion. Either agent was administered in a separate setting. Haemodynamic variables and oxygen consumption were determined during a 6-h period after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and collected at 1-h intervals. Infarct size was determined by post-mortem nitroblue tetrazolium stain of intracellular lactic dehydrogenase enzymes. Coronary artery ligation during saline infusion (n=8) resulted in decreased blood pressure and cardiac output, whereas heart rate, systemic peripheral resistance, end-diastolic filling pressure and myocardial oxygen consumption increased. Infarct size amounted to 24.2±3.2% (i. e., 23.8±3.1 g) of left ventricular mass. Infusion of 1.4 g/kg/min molsidomine (n=8) produced significant fall of blood pressure, cardiac output, filling pressure and oxygen consumption while heart rate and peripheral resistance were unaffected. The infarct volume was reduced to 49% (P<0.01) of that observed in saline controls. The administration of 3 g/kg/min dopamine (n=8) elevated blood pressure and cardiac output initially with a subsequent reduction of either parameter. Arteriolar vascular resistance and oxygen consumption increased but filling pressure remained unchanged. Infarct size was not different from saline controls. Infusion of 6 g/kg/min dopamine, however, significantly increased blood pressure, heart rate, and peripheral resistance. Cardiac output and filling pressure fell and myocardial oxygen consumption rose. The histochemically measured final infarct was reduced to 13.5±1.8% of left ventricle (i. e., 16.2±2.2 g, P<0.05 vs saline control), but the hearts were edematous and haemorrhagic. Therapy with molsidomine appears promising in the treatment of clinical myocardial infarction with haemodynamic sequellae. The safe use of therapy with higher dopamine doses in patients with acute myocardial infarction, however, awaits further investigation.Part of the dopamine experiments were done at Bayer AG, Institut für Pharmakologie 相似文献