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排序方式: 共有314条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
AKIKO TANAKA MASAHIRO MATSUMOTO YUJIRO HAYASHI KOJI TAKEUCHI 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2006,20(1):38-45
Background and Aim: We recently reported that cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is upregulated in the rat small intestine after administration of indomethacin, and this may be the key to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced intestinal damage. The present study investigated the mechanism for COX-2 expression induced in the rat small intestine by indomethacin, in relation with ulcerogenic processes.
Methods: Animals were given indomethacin or SC-560 p.o., and the intestinal mucosa was examined 24 h later.
Results: Indomethacin caused hemorrhagic lesions in the small intestine, accompanied with an increase in intestinal motility, bacterial invasion and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, as well as the expression of COX-2 mRNA in the mucosa. Although SC-560 did not cause any damage, this agent caused intestinal hypermotility, the bacterial invasion and the upregulation of COX-2 expression. The mucosal PGE2 content was decreased by SC-560 at 3 h but recovered 12 h later, and this recovery of PGE2 was attenuated by both atropine and ampicillin, in addition to rofecoxib. The intestinal hypermotility response to indomethacin was prevented by both 16,16-dimethyl PGE2 and atropine, but not ampicillin. Yet all these agents inhibited not only the bacterial invasion but also the expression of COX-2 and iNOS activity in the intestinal mucosa following indomethacin treatment, resulting in the prevention of intestinal lesions.
Conclusion: These results suggest that COX-2 expression in the intestinal mucosa following the administration of indomethacin is associated with intestinal hypermotility and bacterial invasion. The intestinal hypermotility caused by COX-1 inhibition may be a key to COX-2 expression after administration of NSAIDs and their intestinal ulcerogenic properties. 相似文献
Methods: Animals were given indomethacin or SC-560 p.o., and the intestinal mucosa was examined 24 h later.
Results: Indomethacin caused hemorrhagic lesions in the small intestine, accompanied with an increase in intestinal motility, bacterial invasion and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, as well as the expression of COX-2 mRNA in the mucosa. Although SC-560 did not cause any damage, this agent caused intestinal hypermotility, the bacterial invasion and the upregulation of COX-2 expression. The mucosal PGE
Conclusion: These results suggest that COX-2 expression in the intestinal mucosa following the administration of indomethacin is associated with intestinal hypermotility and bacterial invasion. The intestinal hypermotility caused by COX-1 inhibition may be a key to COX-2 expression after administration of NSAIDs and their intestinal ulcerogenic properties. 相似文献
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3.
KAZUNARI SETOH MASAHIRO MURAKAMI NAOKO ARAKI TAKUYA FUJITA AKIRA YAMAMOTO SHOZO MURANISHI 《The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology》1995,47(10):808-811
The in-vitro permeability of chemically modified tetragastrin with fatty acids through the rat skin was studied. The permeability of these compounds through intact skin and stripped skin of rat was determined with a Franz-type diffusion cell. The permeation of tetragastrin across the intact skin was improved by chemical modification with acetic acid and butyric acid. However, tetragastrin and caproyl-tetragastrin did not permeate across the intact skin up to the end of experiment. The permeation of tetragastrin across the stripped skin was improved by chemical modification, the skin flux of these acyl derivatives being in the order: acetyl > butyroyl > caproyl. The stability of tetragastrin in skin homogenate was also significantly improved by chemical modification with fatty acids. These results suggest that chemical modification of tetragastrin with fatty acids increases its lipophilicity, which makes it permeable across the stratum corneum. Moreover, the chemical modification reduced the degradation of tetragastrin in the viable skin, resulting an increase in permeation of tetragastrin across the skin. 相似文献
4.
YUKAKO ISHIHARA MASAHIRO SEIKE ITARU YOKOUCHI HIROAKI SUDA SHUNICHIRO ISHITSUKA TADAYOSHI KAKEMURA MITSUHIRO YOSHIDA KAZUYA YOSHIMOTO YOSHIHIRO SAKAI CHIDORI OKUMURA YOSHIHISA SAIDA 《Digestive endoscopy》2003,15(3):240-242
A 55‐year‐old‐man had a laparoscopic resection of the sigmoid colon due to colon cancer with submucosal invasion. After the surgery he suffered ileus and had a laparotomy. Six months later he complained of frequent defecation. Colonoscopy confirmed a circular ulcer extending from the anal side of the anastomosis in the sigmoid colon to the mid rectum. Endoscopic ultrasound demonstrated thickening of all layers of the diseased colon and rectum. We diagnosed ischemic colitis. After intravenous drip infusion of prostaglandin, symptoms and colonic stricture gradually improved. Although abdominal angiography revealed a narrowing of the peripheral sigmoid branch of the inferior mesenteric artery, blood flow was unrestricted. Colonoscopy performed 84 days after discharge revealed an ulcer scar. 相似文献
5.
SHINICHI KAKUMU MASAHIRO TAKAYANAGI KAZUO IWATA AKIHIKO OKUMURA TOSHIYUKI AIYAMA TETSUYA ISHIKAWA MASAYUKI NADAI KENTARO YOSHIOKA 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1997,12(1):62-66
Interferon (IFN) therapy is of proven efficacy in chronic hepatitis C, but it is not universally effective and is often limited by side effects. Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant widely used in organ transplantation. We conducted a pilot study to determine whether CsA therapy could affect aminotransferase activity and hepatitis C virus RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Cyclosporine A was administered to 10 patients (mean age of 59 years; male: female = 9:1) who did not respond to IFN therapy previously and who had elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values for at least 6 months. All patients were positive for HCV-RNA by RT-PCR with genotype 1b. Their mean duration of hepatitis was 15 years. Oral CsA was given for 3 months in a dose that was increased at 1 month intervals from 1.5–2.0 to 2.0–3.0 and 3.0–4.0 mg/kg per day. All patients completed the treatment schedule, although two patients developed mild non-symptomatic hypertension. Serum ALT levels gradually decreased in all but one patient. The mean percentage decrease was 59.5% at the end of therapy (from 153 ± 82 to 62 ± 48 IU/L; P < 0.02). The ALT levels fell to the normal range in five patients, although once therapy was discontinued the enzyme levels tended to return to pretreatment levels. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and g-glutamyl transpeptidase levels similarly decreased. The serum HCV-RNA titre, determined by competitive RT-PCR, did not change in any patient throughout the study period. There were no appreciable alterations in other laboratory tests, such as serum creatinine levels and lymphocyte subsets, except for an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase levels. These findings suggest that CsA, even in a relatively low dose, reduces serum aminotransferase levels without serious side effects in patients with chronic-hepatitis C, although an antiviral effect was not noted. 相似文献
6.
KIKUCHI YOSHIHIRO; OOMORI KEIBUN; KIZAWA ISAO; KATO KOICHI 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1985,15(2):377-383
The effect of cimetidine on the natural killer (NK) activityof peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 32 patients with ovariancarcinoma was studied before and after surgery or chemotherapy.There was no significant difference in the NK activity betweennormal healthy women and patients who had been disease-freefor more than a year after initial surgery, while those in patientswith a large residual tumor after surgery were profoundly suppressed.Cimetidine stimulated the NK activity in the disease-free patientsin vivo or in Vitro. In addition, cimetidine augmented the responseto phytohemagglutinin of PBL from the disease-free patients.The NK activity of PBL of patients with a large residual tumorunder chemotherapy consisting of cisplatinum, adriamycin andcyclophosphamide, "CAP," was about half of that before initiationof chemotherapy. The inhibition of the NK activity by chemotherapywas abrogated by in vitro exposure of the PBL to cimetidine. 相似文献
7.
Growth Kinetics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We measured the size of 17 semispherical hepatocellular carcinomatumor nodules in 13 patients repeatedly by either computed tomographyor ultrasonography for 10 to 291 days. At the initial examinationthe diameter of these tumors was 30 ± 15 mm (mean ±SD).When the doubling time of these tumor volumes was calculatedby the formula proposed by Schwartz, it was 119 ± 96days (mean ± SD). There was no correlation between thedoubling time of the tumors and the degree of impairment ofliver function in any case. There was also no correlation betweenthe doubling time of the tumors and the alpha-fetoprotein level.However, in patients with hepatitis B surface antigen, the doublingtime was short (48 ± 8 days), when compared with theantigen-negative cases (140 ± 98 days). Based on the shortest doubling time of the smaller tumors, itwas revealed that the diameter was duplicated in four months.Since the minimum tumor diameter that was detected by ultrasonographyand/or computed tomography was considered to be 1 cm, we recommendthat ultrasonography and/or computed tomography should be performedat least every four months to detect so-called "small hepatocellularcarcinoma," which has a diameter of less than 2 cm, in patientsat high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma. 相似文献
8.
Combined Repeat Dose and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (OECD): Familiarization Using Cyclophosphamide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
TANAKA SATORU; KAWASHIMA KUNIO; NAITO KATSUSHI; USAMI MAKOTO; NAKADATE MASAHIRO; IMAIDA KATSUMI; TAKAHASHI MICHIHITO; HAYASHI YUZO; KUROKAWA YUJI; TOBE MASUO 《Toxicological sciences》1992,18(1):89-95
Combined Repeat Dose and Reproductive/Developmental ToxicityScreening Test (OECD): Familiarization Using Cyclophosphamide.TANAKA, S., KAWASHIMA, K., NAITO, K., USAMI, M., NAKADATE, M.,IMAIDA, K., TAKAHASHI, M., HAYASHI, Y., KUROKAWA, Y., AND TOBE,M. (1992A, Y., AND TOBE, M. (1992). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 18,8995. A familiarization study was conducted on the "Combined RepeatDose and Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test(ReproTox)" proposed by the OECD. Cyclophosphamide (CP) at dosesof 6.7, 4.5, 3, 2, and 0 mg/kg body wt was given daily by gavageto groups of 12 male and 12 female Sprague-Dawley rats. As aresult, anemia and leukopenia were evident in treated males.The absolute and relative thymus and spleen weights were decreasedin treated rats. Histopathologically, atrophy of the thymus,spleen, and bone marrow was observed. With respect to the reproductive/developmentaltoxicity, dose-dependent increases in postimplantation lossof fetuses and postnatal death were found in dams given CP.The body weight of pups treated with CP was significantly loweredin a dose-related manner. Thus the results demonstrated mostof the known toxicological properties of CP, except the adverseeffects on spermatogenesis and fertility. Therefore ReproToxcan be considered as a useful screening test for assessing repeatdose and reproductive/developmental toxicity of existing chemicalsof high production volume. 相似文献
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10.
Utility of immunohistochemical detection of prostate-specific Ets for the diagnosis of benign and malignant prostatic epithelial lesions 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
YUICHI TSUJIMOTO NORIO NONOMURA HITOSHI TAKAYAMA KENTARO YOMOGIDA MASAHIRO NOZAWA KAZUO NISHIMURA AKIHIKO OKUYAMA MASAMI NOZAKI KATSUYUKI AOZASA 《International journal of urology》2002,9(3):167-172
BACKGROUND: Human prostate-specific Ets (hPSE) belongs to the Ets family. It regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and development of prostate epithelial cells. A recent study showed that hPSE can be detected in normal glands but not in cell lines established from prostate cancer (PCA), suggesting a translational disorder of hPSE from mRNA to protein in PCA. Immunohistochemical detection of hPSE could therefore be another method of differential diagnosis of PCA from other proliferative conditions in the prostate. METHODS: An immunohistochemical detection of hPSE was carried out on the whole mounted prostatectomy specimen obtained from 19 cases with PCA. RESULTS: Basal and secretory luminar cells showed a diffuse cytoplasmic staining for hPSE in normal glands, hyperplastic glands, and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia lesions. Whereas approximately 30% of PCA lesions showed a negative staining for hPSE, the positive rate for hPSE between PCA and benign glands or prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Staining intensities in normal glands, hyperplastic glands, and PIN lesions were similar, but generally stronger than those in PCA lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Negative immunoreactivity for hPSE strongly suggests malignancy in the prostate glands. Decreased immunoreactivities of glands for hPSE could suggest PCA. 相似文献