The Troms? study: physical fitness, self reported physical activity, and their relationship to other coronary risk factors.

STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to investigate the associations between physical fitness, leisure physical activity, and coronary risk factors. DESIGN--This was a cross sectional study of a random sample of men and women, following a population survey. SETTING--The municipality of Troms?, Norway in 1986-1987. PARTICIPANTS--All men born 1925-1966 and all women born 1930-1966 were invited to the survey; 21,826 subjects attended (81% of the eligible population): of these, 297 men and 312 women, randomly selected, attended the present study (attendance rates 94% in men and 89% in women). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--Fitness was tested by bicycle ergometry. Physical activity was reported on a questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was performed with fitness and leisure activity as dependent variables, and coronary risk factors as independent variables. Fitness and leisure activity were positively related (p less than 0.05). Prominent findings for fitness were negative associations with age and smoking (p less than 0.05), and positive associations with body mass index in both sexes (p less than 0.01). HDL cholesterol and systolic blood pressure were significant predictors of fitness in men (p less than 0.01). Smoking emerged as a strong negative predictor for leisure activity in women (p less than 0.01), and a negative relation between leisure activity and total cholesterol was found in men (p less than 0.01). CONCLUSIONS--The study indicates that coronary risk factors are more closely linked to physical fitness than to leisure physical activity.     

复方速效头痛宁与苯塞啶治疗偏头痛疗效对照研究

目的 观察复方速效头痛宁与苯塞啶治疗偏头痛的临床疗效。方法 将690例偏头痛患者随机分为A、B、C三组。根据患者治疗前后头痛发作次数、头痛程度、头痛持续时间和伴随症状的变化进行疗效评定。结果 A组显效率为46.2％、总有效率82.9％;B组显效率为 45.5％、有效率为 80.0％,;C组显效率 63.6％,,有效率 85.6％;C组显效率明显高于 A、B两组,P<0.01,差异有显著性。结论 复方速效头痛宁是一种安全有效的偏头痛防治药物。     

安徽省1991～1995年脊髓灰质炎实验室监测结果分析

安徽省１９９１～１９９５年共报告ＡＦＰ８０３例，其中采集粪便标本５１２例，占６３．７６％，从中分离出脊灰病毒３７株，其它肠道病毒８６株，共１２３株，阳性率为２４．０２％，以上脊灰病毒除１９９１年６株未作型内鉴别外，其余经型内鉴别，均确定为疫苗相关株。１９９４年和１９９５年的脊灰病毒带毒率调查中，共采集１５３３份粪便标本，分离出脊灰病毒１８株，其它肠道病毒１３８株，１９９４年分离的１４株脊灰病毒经型内鉴别，亦确定为疫苗相关株。１９９３年０～３岁儿童脊灰中和抗体测定，三个型别抗体阳性率均在９６％以上，处于较高水平。自１９９２年以来，已连续４年未发现脊灰野病毒的存在，说明本省已基本阻断了脊灰野病毒的传播。     

RNA-binding protein is involved in aggregation of light neurofilament protein and is implicated in the pathogenesis of motor neuron degeneration

Abnormal protein aggregation is emerging as a common theme in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. Our previous studies have shown that overexpression of untranslated light neurofilament (NF-L) RNA causes motor neuron degeneration in transgenic mice, leads to accumulation of ubiquitinated aggregates in degenerating cultured motor neurons and triggers aggregation of NF-L protein and co-aggregation of mutant SOD1 protein in neuronal cells. Here, we report that p190RhoGEF, an RNA-binding protein that binds to a destabilizing element in NF-L mRNA, is involved in aggregation of NF-L protein and is implicated in the pathogenesis of motor neuron degeneration. We show that p190RhoGEF co-aggregates with unassembled NF-L protein and that co-aggregation is associated with down-regulation of parent NF-L mRNA in neuronal cells. Co-expression of NF-M increases NF assembly and reduces RNA-triggered aggregation as well as loss of solubility of NF-L protein. siRNA-induced down-regulation of p190RhoGEF not only reduces aggregation and promotes assembly of NF-L and NF-M, but also causes reversal of aggregation and recovery of NF assembly in transfected cells. Examination of transgenic models of motor neuron disease shows that prominent aggregates of p190RhoGEF and NF-L and down-regulation of NF-L expression occur in degenerating motor neurons of mice expressing untranslated NF-L RNA or a G93A mutant SOD1 transgene. Moreover, aggregates of p190RhoGEF and NF-L appear as early pathological changes in presymptomatic G93A mutant SOD1 transgenic mice. Together, the findings indicate that p190RhoGEF is involved in aggregation of NF-L protein and support a working hypothesis that aggregation of p190RhoGEF and NF-L is an upstream event triggering neurotoxicity in motor neuron disease.     

AO加压空心钉治疗股骨颈骨折79例报告

目的 探讨AO加压空心钉治疗股骨颈骨折的临床疗设。方法 对79例股骨颈骨折患者均采用AO加压空心钉治疗。结果 所有病人都获得随访，随防时间6个月～4年，按马元障功能恢复分级．优45例．良26例，差8例．总优良率88.7%。结论 AO加压空心钉治疗股骨颈骨折方法简单．疗效确切，值得提倡。     

一氧化氮和抗氧化酶活性与动脉粥样硬化关系的研究

目的 :从整体及细胞水平上对一氧化氮 (NO)、抗氧化酶活性与动脉粥样硬化的关系作一初步探讨 ,同时观察阿魏酸钠 (sodiumferulate ,SF)对其的保护作用。方法 :以实验性动脉粥样硬化 (atherosclerosis ,AS)鹌鹑做为动物模型 ,动态观察其血中NO的生成和抗氧化酶活性的变化以及SF的影响 ;以高脂血清培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞作为细胞模型 ,观察其脂质过氧化水平、NO产生的情况以及SF的保护作用 ;以氧化低密度脂蛋白 (OX LDL)抑制巨噬细胞NO的产生 ,同时观察SF对其抑制作用的影响。结果 :①高胆固醇血症可显著升高血浆脂质过氧化物(LPO)水平 ,降低血浆NO水平和显著降低红细胞超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH px)比活性的作用。②SF有清除自由基、减轻膜脂质过氧化、提高抗氧化酶活性的作用。③高脂血清 (HRS)可使培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞中LPO含量升高 ,并随着HRS浓度的增加 ,LPO含量逐渐升高 ;VitE可阻止HRS引起的内皮细胞中LPO含量的增加。④SF具有与抗氧化剂VitE相似的保护内皮细胞释放NO的作用。⑤OX LDL对脂多糖 (LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞NO的产生具有抑制作用。⑥SF对OX LDL抑制巨噬细胞NO的产生具有明显的保护作用。结论 :提示SF在保护血管内皮细胞、防止AS的发生上具有一定的作用     

登革热数学模型及其应用研究（Ⅱ）——利用数学模型评价不同措施对登革热的防治效应

利用我们建立的登革热数学模型,通过计算机对5种不同的防治措施和不同时间采取措施控制登革热流行的效应进行了模拟评价。结果显示,室内滞留喷洒对控制登革热的流行最为有效;清除孳生场所有一定效果,但视清除孳生场所的程度而定;而同时采用清除孳生场所和使用蚊帐防护的措施可收到较好的防治效果,而且费用可能较低;超低容量喷洒效果较差。模拟结果表明,同一种措施,即使只提前10天实施,效果也好得多。模拟还表明,在人群中,如果70％以上的人具有特异性免疫力,即可有效地阻止同型登革病毒的输入和流行。上述模拟结果将为现场流行病学工作提供有价值的参考,同时也显示了疾病数学模型的实际应用价值。     

白三烯受体拮抗剂对哮喘局部免疫影响的实验研究

目的为研究白三烯(LTs)拮抗剂安可来(Accolate)对哮喘大鼠气道嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、淋巴细胞(Lym)浸润以及T细胞活化表达白细胞介素-2受体(IL-2R)的影响,探讨安可来治疗哮喘的作用机制.方法应用卵清蛋白腹腔注射致敏和反复超声雾化吸入激发诱喘建立大鼠哮喘模型.随机分为正常对照组(A组)、阳性对照组(B组)、预防治疗组(C组)和治疗组(D组).A组以生理盐水致敏和激发,B、C、D组建立哮喘模型.C组自激发诱喘前1周起预防性给予安可来饲喂,诱喘期继续治疗.D组自激发日起行安可来饲喂.病理切片观察大鼠支气管壁EOS、Lym浸润,ABC法检测大鼠T细胞IL-2R的表达.结果正常对照组大鼠支气管壁可见少量Lym浸润但无明显EOS浸润和炎症反应,IL-2R阳性细胞数目很少.阳性对照组支气管壁EOS、Lym浸润以及IL-2R阳性细胞数目明显增多,较正常对照组有显著差异(P＜0.01).饲喂安可来预防和(或)治疗能减少支气管壁EOS、Lym浸润以及IL-2R阳性细胞数目,与阳性对照组相比有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论安可来能减轻哮喘大鼠肺组织炎症反应,抑制EOS、Lym等炎症细胞向气道组织的浸润,对大鼠T细胞活化表达IL-2R亦有明显抑制作用.     

A301氨合成催化剂本征动力学

对低温,低压,高活性的A301氨合成催化剂的本征动力学进行了研究,实验采用等温积分反应器,在320－480度,6．0MPa-10.0MPa,5000h^-1--30000h^-1的条件下测定了反应器出口氨浓度,建立了Temkin形式的动力学方程,获得了反应的活化能及指前因子。     

制备工艺对ATO超细粉体导电性能的影响

采用化学共沉淀法制备锑掺杂二氧化锡（ATO）超细导电粉体,研究了反应温度,滴定终点pH值,掺锑量及锻炼温度对粉体导电性的影响,并对实验结果进行了讨论。