全文获取类型
收费全文 | 402篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 26篇 |
儿科学 | 5篇 |
妇产科学 | 9篇 |
基础医学 | 59篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 30篇 |
内科学 | 36篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4篇 |
神经病学 | 40篇 |
特种医学 | 20篇 |
外科学 | 72篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 15篇 |
药学 | 23篇 |
肿瘤学 | 85篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 16篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 11篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 16篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有429条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
1.
2.
Uptake of Adriamycin in tumour and surrounding brain tissue in patients with malignant gliomas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H. von Holst E. Knochenhauer H. Blomgren V. P. Collins L. Ehn M. Lindquist G. Norén C. Peterson 《Acta neurochirurgica》1990,104(1-2):13-16
Summary Eight patients with malignant gliomas verified on CT scan, received an intravenous injection of 50 mg of Adriamycin R, 24 hours prior to surgical removal of the tumour. Peroperatively, both tumour and surrounding tissue specimens were obtained for determination of the tissue concentrations of Adriamycin and its reduced metabolite Adriamycinol. It was found that Adriamycin could be detected in tumour tissue from all patients. The concentration varied between 0,9 and 4,6 nmol/g tissue. In contrast, Adriamycin could only be detected in surrounding brain tissue from one patient.In anin vitro study a human malignant glioma cell line (U-251 MG) was exposed to various concentrations of Adriamycin for 24 hours. It was found that an intracellular drug concentration above 30 nmol/g cells caused a concentration dependent inhibition of cell growth. Thus, it is likely that the poor effect of Adriamycin on patients with malignant gliomas is due to an ineffective drug accumulation in the tumour tissue. 相似文献
3.
Sten Bengtson Gudmund Blomgren Kaj Knutson Anders Wigren Lars Lidgren 《Acta orthopaedica》1987,58(5):529-534
Twenty-five hematogenously infected knee arthroplasties in 20 patients (17 with rheumatoid arthritis and 3 with arthrosis) were followed for 3 years. Staphylococcus aureus was the major infecting organism. Three patients with four arthroplasties died of sepsis. Two patients had removal of the arthroplasty, one of which resulted in an above-the-knee amputation. Four out of five arthrodeses fused. Two knees healed after early debridement and two healed without surgery. Ten knees had successful revision arthroplasty.
Rheumatoid arthritis and constrained prostheses increase the risk of hematogenous infection. Any infection and especially cutaneous lesions in a patient with a knee arthroplasty should be treated vigorously. 相似文献
Rheumatoid arthritis and constrained prostheses increase the risk of hematogenous infection. Any infection and especially cutaneous lesions in a patient with a knee arthroplasty should be treated vigorously. 相似文献
4.
Aoyama K Ozaki Y Nakanishi T Ogasawara MS Ikuta K Aoki K Blomgren K Suzumori K 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》2004,52(6):362-369
PROBLEM: The distribution and activation of mu-calpain and possible cleavage of integrin in human endometrial cells under hypoxic condition were investigated. METHOD OF STUDY: Human endometrial epithelial and stromal cells were subjected to hypoxia, and subsequently used for immunostaining and western blot analysis. RESULTS: The proform of mu-calpain was detected in the cytoplasm of normal cells, and displayed a substantial decrease after hypoxia. Conversely, the active form of mu-calpain was not detected in normal cells, but was abundant after hypoxia. The cytoplasmic domain of integrin beta3 was also detected in the cytoplasm of endometrial cells. Western blot analysis confirmed that both the proform of mu-calpain and the integrin beta3 cytoplasmic domain decreased during hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS: Mu-calpain is activated in human endometrial cells during hypoxia and that subsequent cleavage of the integrin beta3 cytoplasmic domain may give some adverse effects to the function of human endometrium. 相似文献
5.
The noncytotoxic soluble factor produced by CD8+ T cells inhibits replication of HIV and SIV in vitro and is thought to play a crucial role in combatting infection in vivo. We determined the effect of human CD8+ lymphocytes on the in vitro replication potential of both wild-type and nef-defective mutants of the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251. Although replication of wild-type SIVmac251 in unstimulated human PBMC supplemented with IL-2 was unaffected by the presence of CD8+ T cells, the nef mutants were susceptible to the inhibitory effects. The effect of exogenous IL-2 depended upon the culture conditions: (i) in nonstimulated human PBMC depleted of CD8+ T cells, addition of IL-2 had a positive effect on the growth of the nef-defective viruses; (ii) in total human PBMC, IL-2 appeared to reinforce the CD8+ T-cell-dependent inhibition of the same mutant viruses. This strongly suggests that IL-2 stimulates the noncytotoxic anti-HIV/SIV response of CD8+ cells present in PBMC cultures. PHA stimulation of unfractionated human PBMC overrode the suppression of viral replication by CD8+ T cells. Depletion of activated T cells expressing the IL-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25+ T cells), present in small amounts in these primary T cell cultures, dramatically reduced viral replication, indicating that the depleted cell population harbors the target cells permissive for viral replication. Furthermore, using neutralizing antibodies we could show that inhibition by the beta-chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES and the inhibitory effect of CD8+ lymphocytes on nef mutant SIVmac viruses are harbored on different levels. 相似文献
6.
The prognostic relevance of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and purified protein derivative (PPD) lymphocyte reactivity at diagnosis and after radiotherapy was evaluated in breast cancer patients. The patients were followed up to 13 years and the prognostic value expressed as ratios between observed number of deaths and "estimated" number of deaths under the null hypothesis. There was no significant association between the initial PHA and PPD reactivity and the survival of the patients. On the other hand, mortality up to 8 years after radiotherapy was significantly higher for patients with low PHA and PPD reactivity at completion of treatment. Furthermore, patients who had higher than average PPD reactivity 6 to 10 months after radiotherapy, seemed to have a higher survival rate. The prognostic relevance of postirradiation lymphocyte reactivity was only to some extent explained by clinical stage. 相似文献
7.
Smith WT Londborg PD Blomgren SL Tollefson GD Sayler ME 《Journal of clinical psychopharmacology》1999,19(2):125-131
The aim of this study was to make a preliminary investigation of the efficacy and safety of zatosetron maleate, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist for patients with a broad range of anxiety symptoms. A double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted in 43 patients, aged 18 to 65 years, scoring >17 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A). Patients were randomly assigned to either a fixed oral dose of 0.2, 1, or 5 mg of zatosetron or placebo for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week placebo phase. Enhanced blinding procedures reduced the influence of side effects on efficacy ratings and obscured phases of the research design to patient and clinician. A change in HAM-A scores from baseline to endpoint was the principal efficacy measure; HAM-A Psychic and Somatic subscales, the Symptom Checklist-90, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and Clinical Global Impressions Scale subscales provided secondary change indices. Adverse events (AEs) (spontaneously mentioned and elicited with the Udvalg for Kliniske Unders?gelser side effect rating scale), vital signs, electrocardiographic findings, and laboratory analytes were compared among treatment groups. Eighty-eight percent of the patients met the criteria for generalized anxiety disorder. No statistically significant differences in outcome measures differentiated among the four treatment groups. However, a pattern of greater change in the HAM-A scores seemed to favor zatosetron over placebo. Placebo was associated with only modest HAM-A score changes and a 30% response rate. The greatest numeric decrease in the HAM-A score and the highest response rate (45%) occurred in the groups receiving 0.2 and 1 mg of zatosetron. The secondary measures of efficacy demonstrated similar outcomes. There were no deaths or serious AEs reported in this study. This pilot study demonstrated that zatosetron at doses of 0.2 to 5 mg/day was safe. Although statistical significance was not achieved, the results show a greater numeric trend toward reducing anxiety with zatosetron than with placebo. 相似文献
8.
Human lymphocytes were exposed to varying doses of roentgen irradiation in vitro and thereafter tested for reactivity to different polyclonal mitogens and antigens using DNA synthesis as a marker for viability. The dose response profiles obtained indicate that there are two subpopulations of lymphocytes which are responsive to phytohaemagglutinin, poke weed mitogen, concanavalin A and allogeneic cells. One is relatively sensitive to radiation and the other is relatively resistant. However, no "resistant" PPD-tuberculin responsive cell population could be detected. Irradiated lymphocyte populations enriched for T-cells exhibited both a sensitive and a resistant PHA-responsive population, whereas cell populations enriched for B-cells only exhibited a radiation sensitive one. 相似文献
9.
H Blomgren M Hallstr?m 《Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology》1991,13(1):11-14
Unlike "conventional" oxazaphosphorines such as cyclophosphamide (CP) and ifosfamide, a relatively new drug termed 4-hydroperoxy-CP (4-HC) degrades spontaneously in water yielding phosphoramide mustard considered to be the activated cytotoxic metabolite. During this degradation a toxic, volatile factor termed acrolein is also formed. In order to examine the possible role of this compound in 4-HC-induced inhibition of tumor cell growth in vitro, 8 different established human tumor cell lines were cultured in the presence of 4-HC or equimolar concentrations of acrolein. It was observed that the cell lines differed widely with respect to sensitivity to these compounds. However, each individual cell line exhibited virtually identical sensitivities to both 4-HC and acrolein. The observation that 2-mercaptoethansulfonate (mesna), which is highly reactive with acrolein but not with phosphoramide mustard, could markedly reduce the cytotoxic activity of 4-HC indicates that acrolein may play an important role in 4-HC induced cell damage in vitro. 相似文献
10.
Fredrik Blomgren Alexander Rodin Wojciech Chrobak Dawid Wojciech Pacut Jan Swenson Inna Ermilova 《RSC advances》2022,12(21):13352
In this work, possible effective mechanisms of cromolyn, atorvastatin and lovastatin on the cytotoxicity of Aβ(31–35) and Aβ(25–35) peptides were investigated by classical molecular dynamics and well-tempered metadynamics simulations. The results demonstrate that all the drugs affect the behavior of the peptides, such as their ability to aggregate, and alter their secondary structures and their affinity to a particular drug. Our findings from the computed properties suggest that the best drug candidate is lovastatin. This medicine inhibits peptide aggregation, adsorbs the peptides on the surface of the drug clusters, changes the secondary structure and binds to MET35, which has been seen as the reason for the toxicity of the studied peptide sequences. Moreover, lovastatin is the drug which previously has demonstrated the strongest ability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier and makes lovastatin the most promising medicine among the three investigated drugs. Atorvastatin is also seen as a potential candidate if its penetration through the blood–brain barrier could be improved. Otherwise, its properties are even better than the ones demonstrated by lovastatin. Cromolyn appears to be less interesting as an anti-aggregant from the computational data, in comparison to the two statins.In this work, possible effective mechanisms of cromolyn, atorvastatin and lovastatin on the cytotoxicity of Aβ(31–35) and Aβ(25–35) peptides were investigated by classical molecular dynamics and well-tempered metadynamics simulations. 相似文献