全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6675篇 |
免费 | 438篇 |
国内免费 | 34篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 63篇 |
儿科学 | 169篇 |
妇产科学 | 85篇 |
基础医学 | 1087篇 |
口腔科学 | 166篇 |
临床医学 | 630篇 |
内科学 | 1454篇 |
皮肤病学 | 213篇 |
神经病学 | 658篇 |
特种医学 | 329篇 |
外科学 | 891篇 |
综合类 | 27篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 377篇 |
眼科学 | 65篇 |
药学 | 482篇 |
中国医学 | 9篇 |
肿瘤学 | 440篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 52篇 |
2021年 | 121篇 |
2020年 | 93篇 |
2019年 | 114篇 |
2018年 | 172篇 |
2017年 | 130篇 |
2016年 | 175篇 |
2015年 | 145篇 |
2014年 | 192篇 |
2013年 | 290篇 |
2012年 | 365篇 |
2011年 | 380篇 |
2010年 | 248篇 |
2009年 | 249篇 |
2008年 | 365篇 |
2007年 | 379篇 |
2006年 | 334篇 |
2005年 | 322篇 |
2004年 | 298篇 |
2003年 | 303篇 |
2002年 | 270篇 |
2001年 | 118篇 |
2000年 | 117篇 |
1999年 | 120篇 |
1998年 | 80篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 47篇 |
1995年 | 38篇 |
1994年 | 42篇 |
1993年 | 34篇 |
1992年 | 73篇 |
1991年 | 79篇 |
1990年 | 75篇 |
1989年 | 78篇 |
1988年 | 70篇 |
1987年 | 52篇 |
1986年 | 71篇 |
1985年 | 56篇 |
1984年 | 61篇 |
1983年 | 46篇 |
1982年 | 37篇 |
1981年 | 35篇 |
1980年 | 37篇 |
1979年 | 42篇 |
1978年 | 57篇 |
1977年 | 52篇 |
1974年 | 39篇 |
1971年 | 34篇 |
1970年 | 31篇 |
排序方式: 共有7147条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Shafqat R. Chaudhry Ilana S. Lendvai Sajjad Muhammad Philipp Westhofen Johannes Kruppenbacher Lukas Scheef Henning Boecker Dirk Scheele Rene Hurlemann Thomas M. Kinfe 《Brain stimulation》2019,12(3):643-651
Objective
To assay peripheral inter-ictal cytokine serum levels and possible relations with non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) responsiveness in migraineurs.Methods
This double-blinded, sham-controlled study enrolled 48 subjects and measured headache severity, frequency [headache days/month, number of total and mild/moderate/severe classified attacks/month], functional state [sleep, mood, body weight, migraine-associated disability] and serum levels of inflammatory markers [inter-ictal] using enzyme-linked immunoassays at baseline and after 2 months of adjunctive nVNS compared to sham stimulation and suitably matched controls.Results
No significant differences were observed at baseline and after 2 months for headache severity, total attacks/month, headache days/month and functional outcome [sleep, mood, disability] between verum and sham nVNS. However, the number of severe attacks/month significantly decreased in the verum nVNS group and circulating pro-inflammatory IL-1β was elevated significantly in the sham group compared to nVNS. Levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly higher at baseline in both groups compared to healthy controls, but not at 2 months follow-up [p?<?0.05]. Concentrations of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1), IL-6, tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin remained unchanged [p?>?0.05]. No severe device-/stimulation-related adverse events occurred.Conclusion
2 months of adjunctive cervical nVNS significantly declined the number of severe attacks/month. Pro-inflammatory IL-1β plasma levels [inter-ictal] were higher in sham-treated migraine patients compared to verum nVNS. However, pro- [IL-6, HMGB-1, TNF-α, leptin] and anti-inflammatory [IL-10, adiponectin, ghrelin] mediators did not differ statistically. Profiling of neuroinflammatory circuits in migraine to predict nVNS responsiveness remains an experimental approach, which may be biased by pre-analytic variables warranting large-scale biobank-based systematic investigations [omics]. 相似文献2.
3.
Willemijn A K M Windt Atsua Tahara Alex C A Kluppel Dick de Zeeuw Robert H Henning Richard P E van Dokkum 《Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system》2006,7(4):217-224
INTRODUCTION: Vasopressin, mainly through the V1a-receptor, is thought to be a major player in the maintenance of hyperfiltration. Its inhibition could therefore lead to a decrease in progression of chronic renal failure. To this end, the effect of the vasopressin V1a-receptor-selective antagonist, YM218, was studied on proteinuria and focal glomerulosclerosis in early and late intervention after 5/6 nephrectomy in rats, and compared with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I). MATERIALS AND METHODS: After 5/6 nephrectomy, early intervention was performed between week 2 and 10 thereafter with the V1a-receptor-selective antagonist (VRA, 10 mg/kg/day, n=10), enalapril (ACE-I, 10 mg/kg/day, n=9), or vehicle (n=8). Late intervention was performed in another group between week 6 and 12 with VRA (10 mg/kg/day, n=7), lisinopril (ACE-I, 5 mg/kg/day, n=7), or vehicle (n=7). RESULTS: In early intervention, proteinuria and focal glomerulosclerosis were significantly decreased by VRA compared to vehicle (44+7% and 59+8% respectively). ACE-I significantly decreased proteinuria (67+7%) and a trend towards a decrease in focal glomerulosclerosis was observed (30+18%). In late intervention, VRA did not decrease proteinuria and focal glomerulosclerosis compared to vehicle (21+20% and 0%, respectively), ACE-I significantly lowered proteinuria (92+2%) and a focal glomerulosclerosis (69+1%) lowering trend was observed. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that VRA may protect against early progression of renal injury after 5/6 nephrectomy, whereas its effectiveness seems limited in established renal damage. 相似文献
4.
Loa Clausen Kristian Rokkedal Jan H. Rosenvinge 《European eating disorders review》2009,17(6):462-467
The Eating Disorder Inventory, Version 2 (EDI‐2) is a questionnaire used clinically and in research all over the world. EDI‐2 is cross‐culturally valid, yet normative values may depend on culture. Norms and reliability of the Danish version have to date been lacking, and will be presented in this article, comparing patients (N = 575) and controls (N = 881). Also, internal reliability of scales is tested for both groups. Differences between norms of the Danish and the North American version of EDI were small but significant for all scales except asceticism (eating disorder patients) and ineffectiveness, interpersonal distrust and maturity fears (normal controls). For both groups the internal consistency was >0.70 for all subscales except asceticism. Although differences across the eating disorder diagnostic groups were dubious, the EDI‐2 is useful to screen for eating problems in the general population as well as to rate progress and outcome among eating disorder patients. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. 相似文献
5.
6.
J. T. Andersen J. Gammelgaard L. M. Nielsen E. Clausen 《International urology and nephrology》1986,18(3):327-332
The technique and use of a percutaneous subclavian vein catheter for haemodialysis in 20 patients are reported. The catheterization procedure carried a very low morbidity, and blood flow rates of 200–250ml/min were achieved through the catheters. Use of this angioaccess saves future possible sites for permanent vascular access. Infectious complications were not encountered. Subclavian vein catheterization is a favourable alternative to external Silastic Teflon shunt. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
Effects of dietary broccoli on human in vivo drug metabolizing enzymes: evaluation of caffeine, oestrone and chlorzoxazone metabolism 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Ingestion of cruciferous vegetables may prevent chemically inducedcarcinogenesis by their influence on specific cytochrome P450enzymes (CYP) and phase II drug metabolizing enzymes in humansand rodents. Thus CYP enzymes are involved in transformationof procarcinogens, mutagens, steroid hormones and a large varietyof other endogenous and exogenous components. In order to learnmore about the influence of cruciferous vegetables on drug metabolizingenzymes in man two CYP enzymespreviously suggested to be inducedby vegetables were selected in an in vivo experiment in humans.Sixteen healthy non-smoking subjects, two females and 14 males,were exposed to three different types of diets and afterwardsassayed for CYP1A2 catalysed caffeine metabolites and for CYP2E1catalysed 6-hydroxylation of chlorzoxazone. Further, 2-hydroxyoestrone:16 相似文献
10.
Michael Brauckhoff Oliver Gimm Udo Bilkenroth Raoul Hinze Henning Dralle 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2002,387(5-6):201-203
BACKGROUND: In most examined populations the RET germline polymorphism S836S is found in about 3.6% of the normal population but in about 9% of patients suffering from sporadic C-cell hyperplasia or medullary thyroid carcinoma. The polymorphism S836S is thought to be involved in the development of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 48-year-old woman suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism (parathormone 121-166 pg/ml, normal <72), bilateral diffuse and nodular C-cell hyperplasia (calcitonin after pentagastrin administration 156 pg/ml, normal <4.6), and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Two commercial analyses of RET did not reveal any germline mutation within the known hot spots. However, sequencing revealed the presence of the RET polymorphism S836S. Following total thyroidectomy and removal of two hyperplastic parathyroid glands parathormone decreased to 51 pg/ml and calcitonin was no longer detected. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenetic importance of the RET polymorphism S836S is still obscure. However, according to the published overrepresentation of the RET polymorphism S836S in patients suffering from apparent sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma, it is conceivable that it also plays a role in multiglandular endocrine disease. 相似文献