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1.
Bernhard Z?llner Heinz-Hubert Feucht Martina Sterneck Hansj?rg Sch?fer Xavier Rogiers Lutz Fischer 《Liver transplantation》2006,12(8):1283-1289
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is detectable in a number of liver transplant candidates who are negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). After liver transplantation (LT), such patients may have molecular and/or serologic evidence of HBV replication. However, clinical disease from reactivation of occult HBV infection after LT has not been described. We report a patient who underwent LT for cryptogenic cirrhosis and had to be retransplanted twice for hepatic artery thrombosis. The patient was negative for HBsAg and positive for anti-hepatitis B core (HBc) and anti-HBs before all LT procedures and developed acute hepatitis B shortly after receiving the third graft. The HBV strain isolated at that time exhibited an unusual in frame insertion of a CAG motif within the HBV polymerase (HBV(INS+)). HBV(INS+) was detected retrospectively as a minor species in pretransplantation sera and the explanted native liver by insertion-specific polymerase chain reaction. This case in an occult HBV carrier shows that clinically apparent, endogenous reinfection of the graft may occur with minor HBV variants that are not detectable in pretransplantation samples by standard diagnostic procedures. This has implications for the analysis of sources of acute hepatitis B in patients after LT and possibly for consideration of antiviral prophylaxis in anti-HBc/anti-HBs/HBV DNA-positive patients. 相似文献
2.
Hans-Holger Capelle Johannes C W?hrle Ralf Weigel Hansj?rg B?zner Eva Grips Joachim K Krauss 《Movement disorders》2004,19(10):1202-1208
It is well known that brain injury or central traumatic lesions may result in the subsequent appearance of movement disorders such as dystonia or tremor. The concept that peripheral lesions to neural structures may be involved in the pathogenesis of movement disorders has been discussed controversely but has gained more widespread acceptance only recently. Here, we report on 6 patients who developed movement disorders after spinal disc surgery. The movement disorders became manifest with a delay of 1 day to 12 months after surgery. Of the six patients, 4 underwent cervical disc surgery, and 2 patients were operated on for lumbar disc herniation; 2 patients presented with paroxysmal kinesigenic segmental dystonia, 1 patient with focal dystonia, 2 with unilateral tremor, and 1 with bilateral tremor. The appearance of the movement disorder was associated with persistent dermatomal or segmental pain. In all patients, the anatomic distribution of the movement disorder was related to the nerve root or spinal segment of the corresponding disc level and the manifestation was in close temporal relation to the surgery. We conclude that spinal disc surgery may be another, thus far neglected, cause for movement disorders. The postoperative pain syndrome in all patients should be considered as an important factor of pathogenesis. Overall, movement disorders associated with disc surgery appear to be rare, yet they may cause significant discomfort to the affected individual. 相似文献
3.
Sigrid C. Schwarz Hansjörg Sauer Wolfgang H. Oertel Christopher D. Earl Andreas R. Kupsch 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1997,115(1):71-82
We employed intracerebral co-transplantation of foetal xenogeneic striatal mouse tissue and allogeneic rat substantia nigra
into the adult rat brain to elucidate the effects of xenogeneic mouse graft on the function and survival of an allogeneic
rat graft in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned Sprague-Dawley rats. Foetal mouse striatum (STR) and rat substantia nigra (VM) were
transplanted as non-pooled separate deposits or a pooled cell suspension with or without cyclosporin A (Cy A). Immunosuppressed
recipients of pooled rat and mouse co-grafts showed a significantly better compensation of amphetamine-induced rotational
behaviour compared with non-immunosuppressed animals with pooled rat and mouse co-grafts 3 and 6 weeks post-grafting.Tyrosine
hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry revealed a non-significant reduction in survival in pooled (1806.3±367.5 cells) rat
and mouse co-transplants without immunosuppression compared with immunosuppressed pooled (3383.3±732.7 cells) animals with
allo- and xenogeneic tissue and controls (3506.4±839.3 cells). Graft volumes were significantly reduced in pooled transplants
without immunosuppression (0.1±0.026 mm3; ANOVA post-hoc SchefféF-test, P<0.0001) compared with immunosuppressed recipients (0.7±0.1 mm3) and controls (0.6±0.1 mm3). In non-pooled allo- and xenogeneic grafts without immunosuppression the survival rate of the TH-immunoreactive cells and
graft volumes were reduced (2359.3±479.5 cells; 0.2±0.043 mm3) compared with immunosuppressed animals (2927.3±946.6 cells; 0.6±0.2 mm3) and controls (2701.1±693.8 cells; 0.3±0.1 mm3) without reaching a level of significance. Rejection of mouse tissue was observed in all non-immunosuppressed recipients.
In summary: (i) continued immunosuppression yielded significant beneficial effects on function and beneficial effects on survival
of pooled grafts with an immunogenetic disparity; (ii) the rejection of a xenogeneic graft component may compromise survival
and function of other, allogeneic graft components; and (iii) transplantation of non-pooled allo- and xenogeneic tissues may
result in a better survival of the graft compared with pooled cell suspensions.
Received: 25 March 1996 / Accepted: 1 December 1996 相似文献
4.
Mehnert P Malchaire J Kampmann B Piette A Griefahn B Gebhardt H 《European journal of applied physiology》2000,82(1-2):52-60
The prediction of the mean skin temperature used for the Required Sweat Rate index was criticised for not being valid in
conditions with high radiation and high humidity. Based on a large database provided by 9 institutes, 1999 data points obtained
using steady-state conditions, from 1399 experiments and involving 377 male subjects, were used for the development of a new
prediction model. The observed mean skin temperatures ranged from 30.7 °C to 38.6 °C. Experimental conditions included air
temperatures (T
a) between 20 and 55 °C, mean radiant temperatures (T
r) up to 145 °C, partial vapour pressures (P
a) from 0.2 to 5.3 kPa, air velocities (v
a) between 0.1 and 2 m/s, and metabolic rates (M) from 102 to 620 W. Rectal temperature (T
re) was included in the models to increase the accuracy of prediction. Separate models were derived for nude (clothing insulation,
Icl, ≤0.2 clo, where 1 clo=0.155 m2 · °C · W−1, which is equivalent to the thermal insulation of clothing necessary to maintain a resting subject in comfort in a normally
ventilated room, air movement=10 cm/s, at a temperature of 21 °C and a humidity of less than 50%) and clothed (0.6 ≤ Icl ≤ 1.0 clo) subjects using a multiple linear regression technique with re-sampling (non-parametric bootstrap). The following
expressions were obtained for nude and clothed subjects, respectively: T
sk=7.19 + 0.064T
a + 0.061T
r + 0.198P
a− 0.348v
a + 0.616T
re and T
sk=12.17 + 0.020T
a + 0.044T
r + 0.194P
a − 0.253v
a + 0.0029M + 0.513T
re. For the nude and clothed subjects, 83.3% and 81.8%, respectively, of the predicted skin temperatures were within the range
of ±1 °C of the observed skin temperatures. It is concluded that the proposed models for the prediction of the mean skin temperature
are valid for a wide range of warm and hot ambient conditions in steady-state conditions, including those of high radiation
and high humidity.
Accepted: 7 February 2000 相似文献
5.
Warncke B Valtink M Weichel J Engelmann K Schäfer H 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》2004,444(1):74-81
Transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is discussed as a possible therapeutic approach for retinal degeneration. Xenogeneic transplantation of human RPE cells in animal models has been studied extensively. Various methods have been used to identify the graft cells, but these methods interfere with cell behaviour so that the monitored physiological post-transplantation course may be influenced. In the present study, we applied a method for an unequivocal identification of the graft cells without interfering cell metabolism or behaviour using in situ hybridisation (ISH) of human specific Alu sequences. Visualisation of the strong extended nuclear signal of Alu sequences was much easier than that of the small nuclear signals of donor-specific sex chromosome probes. With Alu probe, even single graft cells can be identified and their development can be observed in short-term and long-term studies. With this procedure, we could prove that donor cells were injected correctly into the subretinal space by a special injection technique that we developed previously. In combination with immunohistochemistry, donor cells could be clearly discriminated from macrophages, which contained phagocytosed donor cell fragments. Application of these ISH methods for species-specific identification was valuable for follow-up-studies of RPE transplantation. 相似文献
6.
Dr. Dr. E. May Prof. med. W. A. Laabs Priv. -Doz. Dr. K. -D. Richter H. J. Höhling J. Althoff P. Quint A. Hansjürgens 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》1982,356(4):231-241
Zusammenfassung Zusätzlich wurden physikalische und chemische Untersuchungen über den Einfluß von dynamischem Interferenzstrom (DIC) auf die Knochenheilung durchgeführt, nachdem bei 24 Schwarzkopfschafen eine Querosteotomie des Radius vorgenommen worden war. Nach instabiler Osteosynthese wurde die Osteotomiezone wiederholt mit DIC verschiedener mA—Stärken behandelt. (Methodische Einzelheiten sind in Teil I beschrieben). Die Behandlung mit dynamischem Interferenzstrom führte im behandelten Gewebe zu steigenden Temperaturen, die von den mA—Stärken abhängig waren. Weiterhin wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen DIC—mA—Intensität und dem Vorkommen von Hydroxyprolin, einer kollagenspezifischen Aminosäure, nachgewiesen, welches eine erhöhte Calcifizierungsaktivität zur Folge hatte. Messungen des Calcium— und Phosphorgehaltes im neugebildeten Knochengewebe wiesen bei den mit DIC behandelten Tieren vollständige Mineralisation zu einem viel früheren Zeitpunkt als bei den unbehandelten, nach gleichem Verfahren operierten Kontrolltieren auf. Ob DIC einen spezifischen Reiz auf die Knochenneubildung heilender Knochen ausübt, ist noch nicht vollständig geklärt.
Bone healing and Dynamic Interferential Current (DIC)
Summary In the course of supplementary physical and chemical investigations of the influence ofDynamicInterferential Current (DIC) on bone healing 24 black-head sheep were subjected to transversal osteotomy of the radius. After an instable osteosynthesis the site was exposed to repeated therapy with DIC of varying mA intensity. (Methodological details are described in part 1.) DIC therapy resulted in altering the temperatures in the treated tissue, dependent on the mA intensity. Further associations were verified between DIC intensity and the occurrence of hydroxyprolin, an amino acid specific collagen, which also reflected increased calcifying activity. Measurements of the calcium and phosphorus levels in the regenerated (newly forming) bone tissue documented full mineralization in the DIC-treated animals at a much earlier date than in the untreated controls that had undergone similar operations. Whether DIC specifically stimulates osteogenesis within healing bones is still unclear.相似文献
7.
8.
Franz Buchegger Valentina Garibotto Thomas Zilli Laurent Allainmat Sandra Jorcano Hansjörg Vees Olivier Rager Charles Steiner Habib Zaidi Yann Seimbille Osman Ratib Raymond Miralbell 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2014,41(1):68-78
Purpose
18F-Fluorocholine (FCH) and 11C-acetate (ACE) PET are widely used for detection of recurrent prostate cancer (PC). We present the first results of a comparative, prospective PET/CT study of both tracers evaluated in the same patients presenting with recurrence and low PSA to compare the diagnostic information provided by the two tracers.Methods
The study group comprised 23 patients studied for a rising PSA level after radical prostatectomy (RP, 7 patients, PSA ≤3 ng/ml), curative radiotherapy (RT, 7 patients, PSA ≤5 ng/ml) or RP and salvage RT (9 patients, PSA ≤5 ng/ml). Both FCH and ACE PET/CT scans were performed in a random sequence a median of 4 days (range 0 to 11 days) apart. FCH PET/CT was started at injection (307?±?16 MBq) with a 10-min dynamic acquisition of the prostate bed, followed by a whole-body PET scan and late (45 min) imaging of the pelvis. ACE PET/CT was performed as a double whole-body PET scan starting 5 and 22 min after injection (994?±?72 MBq), and a late view (45 min) of the prostate bed. PET/CT scans were blindly reviewed by two independent pairs of two experienced nuclear medicine physicians, discordant subgroup results being discussed to reach a consensus for positive, negative end equivocal results.Results
PET results were concordant in 88 out of 92 local, regional and distant findings (Cohen’s kappa 0.929). In particular, results were concordant in all patients concerning local status, bone metastases and distant findings. Lymph-node results were concordant in 19 patients and different in 4 patients. On a per-patient basis results were concordant in 22 of 23 patients (14 positive, 5 negative and 3 equivocal). In only one patient was ACE PET/CT positive for nodal metastases while FCH PET/CT was overall negative; interestingly, the ACE-positive and FCH-negative lymph nodes became positive in a second FCH PET/CT scan performed a few months later.Conclusion
Overall, ACE and FCH PET/CT showed excellent concordance, on both a per-lesion and a per-patient basis, suggesting that both tracers perform equally for recurrent prostate cancer staging. 相似文献9.
Hans Christian Probst Sabine Muth Hansjörg Schild 《European journal of immunology》2014,44(4):927-933
Dendritic cells (DCs) are master regulators of T‐cell responses. After sensing pathogen‐derived molecular patterns (PAMPs), or signals of inflammation and cellular stress, DCs differentiate into potent activators of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through a process that is termed DC maturation. By contrast, DCs induce and maintain peripheral T‐cell tolerance in the steady state, that is in the absence of overt infection or inflammation. However, the immunological steady state is not devoid of DC‐activating stimuli, such as commensal microorganisms, subclinical infections, or basal levels of proinflammatory mediators. In the presence of these activating stimuli, DC maturation must be calibrated to ensure self‐tolerance yet allow for adequate T‐cell responses to infections. Here, we review the factors that are known to control DC maturation in the steady state and discuss their effect on the tolerogenic function of steady‐state DCs. 相似文献
10.
Muhammad Badar Heinrich Lünsdorf Florian Evertz Muhammad Imran Rahim Birgit Glasmacher Hansjörg Hauser Peter P. Mueller 《Acta biomaterialia》2013,9(7):7580-7589
Magnesium alloys have been proposed as prospective degradable implant materials. To elucidate the complex interactions between the corroding implants and the tissue, magnesium implants were analyzed in a mouse model and the response was compared to that induced by Ti and by the resorbable polymer polyglactin, respectively. One month after implantation, distinct traces of corrosion were apparent but the magnesium implants were still intact, whereas resorbable polymeric wound suture implants were already fragmented. Analysis of magnesium implants 2 weeks after implantation by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that magnesium, oxygen, calcium and phosphate were present at the implant surface. One month after implantation, the element composition of the outermost layer of the implant was indicative of tissue without detectable levels of magnesium, indicating a protective barrier function of this organic layer. In agreement with this notion, gene expression patterns in the surrounding tissue were highly similar for all implant materials investigated. However, high-resolution imaging using energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy revealed magnesium-containing microparticles in the tissue in the proximity of the implant. The release of such corrosion particles may contribute to the accumulation of calcium phosphate in the nearby tissue and to bone conductive activities of magnesium implants. 相似文献