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1.
M. Vrethem B. Lindvall S. Kihlstrand E. Bckman T. Brismar P. Fredman K.G. Henriksson 《European journal of neurology》1996,3(2):156-159
We report improvement in muscle strength in a patient with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) when given high-dose intravenous immunoglobin (i.v.-Ig) treatment. The patient had asymmetrical limb weakness, atrophy and absent or weak reflexes, but no sensory disturbances. Neurography showed multiple conduction blocks in peripheral motor nerves but no sensory nerve abnormalities. Serum and anti-GM1 antibodies were not found, however, the patient had serum antibodies against the glycolipid LK1, an epitope found both in glycolipid and also in some glycoproteins in peripheral nerve myelin. Muscle strength improved 5 days after i.v.-Ig therapy, and lasted about 10 weeks. Repeated courses of treatment resulted in similar improvement. This is, to our knowledge, the first patient reported with MMN found to have antibodies against the glycolipid LK1. 相似文献
2.
Acute normovolaemic haemodilution decreases postoperative allogeneic blood transfusion after total knee replacement 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Olsfanger D.; Fredman B.; Goldstein B.; Shapiro A.; Jedeikin R. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,79(3):317-321
We hypothesized that the success of postoperative blood conservation after
acute normovolaemic haemodilution (NVHD) is influenced by the extent of
intraoperative bleeding and surgical trauma, and the timing of autologous
blood transfusion. As total knee replacement is associated with minimal
intraoperative but extensive postoperative blood loss, this procedure is
ideally suited to acute NVHD. Therefore, to test our hypothesis, 30
patients undergoing elective total knee replacement were enrolled in a
prospective, randomized, controlled study. In groups NVHD-2 and NVHD-6,
before induction of anaesthesia patients were bled to a target packed cell
volume (PCV) of 28-30%, and in the post-anaesthesia care unit autologous
blood was transfused over a 2-h period terminating after operation at 2 and
6 h, respectively. In the control group, NVHD was not performed. After
operation, platelets, fibrinogen, prothrombin and partial thromboplastin
time, and liver function, urea and electrolytes were measured and compared
with preoperative baseline values. Significantly (P < 0.024) more
allogeneic blood was transfused in the control group (21 u.) compared with
either group NVHD-2 (7 u.) or group NVHD-6 (5 u.). In the control group,
despite the allogeneic blood transfusion, postoperative PCV decreased until
day 4 after operation. Coagulation profile, liver function and urea and
electrolytes concentrations were unaffected by the method of treatment. We
conclude that for total knee replacement, acute NVHD is an effective blood
conservation strategy. However, there was no difference in allogeneic blood
administration between the two NVHD groups. Coagulation and liver function,
and urea and electrolyte concentrations were unaffected by treatment.
相似文献
3.
4.
X. He C. J. Wikstrand P. Fredman J.-E. Månsson L. Svennerholm D. D. Bigner 《Acta neuropathologica》1989,79(3):317-325
Summary Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reactive with ganglioside II3(NeuAc)2-LacCer (GD3) were generated; four of these mAbs (DMAb-21, DMAb-22, DMAb-23, and DMAb-24) by immunizing mice with GD3 adsorbed to Salmonella minnesota and the remaining three (DMAb-7, DMAb-8, and DMAb-17) with melanoma line SK-MEL 28, which contains 1.4 nmol sialic acid of GD3 per mg protein. The specificities of the mAbs were defined by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) immunostain and solid-phase radioimmunoassay (SP-RIA) with a panel of purified gangliosides. DMAb-7 and DMAb-8 reacted with GD3, IV3(NeuAc)2nLcOse4Cer(3,8-LD1), and very weakly with IV3(NeuAc)2II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer (GTla), but not with II3NeuAc-LacCer (GM3), II3NeuAcGgOse3Cer(GM2), II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer(GM1), II3NeuAc, IV3NeuAcGgOse4Cer (GD1a), II3(NeuAc)2GgOse3(GD2), II3(NeuAc)2GgOse4Cer (GD1b), IV3NeuAcII3(NeuAc)2, GgOse4Cer(GT1b), suggesting the binding epitope to be a terminal tetrasaccharide NeuAc2-8NeuAc2-3Gal1-4(Glc or GlcNAc). DMAb-7 and DMAb-8 were used to investigate the expression of GD3 on cultured human tumor cells of neuroectodermal origin. Thirteen of 19 gliomas, 3 of 5 medulloblastomas, 5 of 5 neuroblastomas, 2 of 2 melanomas, and 1 of 3 teratomas were shown to react with DMAb-8 and/or DMAb-7 by cell surface-RIA (CS-RIA) and immunofluorescence (IF) assays. HPTLC and densitometric analysis confirmed these results, as positive immunostains in the GD3 region were obtained with oligoganglioside fractions from 9 glioma, 1 medulloblastoma, 2 neuroblastoma, 1 melanoma, and 1 teratoma cell line. Glioma cell line U-105 MG and medulloblastoma cell line Daoy contain GD3 as shown by HPTLC immunostain analysis of extracts, although GD3 was undetectable on the cell surface as determined by CS-RIA and IF. There was no detectable GD3 found in gangliosides isolated from cell lines U-373 MG, D-54 MG, TE-671, and PA-1, which were negative for both DMAb-7 and DMAb-8 by CS-RIA and IF assay. Our results provide evidence that GD3 is expressed extensively with significant quantitative heterogeneity on cultured human neuroectodermal tumor cells including glioma, medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, and melanoma.Supported by NIH grants R37 CA11898, NS 20023, and CA32672 and by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (project no. 03X-627), Swedish Cancer Society (project no. 2260-B88-01X) and the National Swedish Board for Technical Development (project no. 84-4667) 相似文献
5.
J. Gottfries J. -E. Mansson P. Fredman C. J. Wikstrand H. S. Friedman D. D. Bigner L. Svennerholm 《Acta neuropathologica》1989,77(3):283-288
Summary The ganglioside patterns of medulloblastomas have never been established; in this study we report the ganglioside profile of the human medulloblastoma cell line TE-671 grown as a xenograft in nude mice. Gangliosides were isolated and structurally analyzed by fast atom bombardment mass spectometry following permethylation. Identification of individual gangliosides was also performed by immunostaining of high-performance thin-layer chromatography-separated bands. Total ganglioside levels of 0.20 mol/g of tissue were obtained, consistent with those reported for human glioma cell lines grown as xenografts; predominant monosialogangliosides of TE-671 xenografts were II3--NeuAc-LacCer (GM3) and II3--NeuAc-GgOse3 Cer (GM2) but there were also relatively large proportions of IV3--NeuAc-LcOse4Cer (3-isoLM1), IV3--NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer (3-LM1) and a further ganglioside of the neolactoseries with an extra lactosamine moiety. The only oligosialoganglioside detected was IV3, II3--NeuAc2-GgOse4Cer (GD1a).Abbreviations: The gangliosides have been designated according to Svenerholm [18] GM3
II3--NeuAc-LacCer
- GM2
II3--NeuAc-GgOse3Cer
- GM1
II3--NeuAc-GgOse4Cer
- 3-LM1
IV3--NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer
- 3-isoLMI
IV3--NeuAc-LcOse4Cer
- Fuc-3-isoLMI
IV3--NeuAc, III4-Fuc-LcOse4Cer
- GD1a
IV3, II3--NeuAc2-GgOse4Cer
- FAB-MS
Fast atom bombardment-mass spectometry
- GC-MS
gas chromatography-mass spectometry
Supported by NC1 RO1 CA11898 to Dr. Bigner and B8803X-00627-24B from the Swedish Medical Research Council to Dr. L. Svennerholm 相似文献
6.
Frank P. Sweeney Michael J. Pocklington Elisha Orr 《Journal of muscle research and cell motility》1991,12(1):61-68
Summary We have completed the nucleotide sequence of the yeastMYO1 gene and deduced its amino acid sequence. The gene is 5553 bp long and contains no introns. Analysis of the sequence, as well as its comparison with other myosins, demonstrate that the yeast protein is a type II myosin heavy chain with characteristic head and tail regions. The latter domain contains six proline residues in two clusters of three, at approximately two thirds from the start of the gene. 相似文献
7.
P. Fredman C. A. Vedeler H. Nyland J. A. Aarli L. Svennerholm 《Journal of neurology》1991,238(2):75-79
Summary Sera from 23 patients with acute Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS), 15 patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and from 40 age-matched blood donors were analysed for antibodies to acidic glycosphingolipids from human brain and peripheral nerve. Antibodies to ganglioside LM1, the major ganglioside of peripheral nerve myelin, were found in 43% of GBS and in 67% of CIDP patients' sera, and in 20% of the blood donors. However, anti-sulphatide antibodies were detected in 65% and 87% of the sera from GBS and CIDP patients, respectively, but only in 15% of the control sera. Sulphatide is the major acidic glycosphingolipid in myelin and its concentration in peripheral nerve myelin is 100 times higher than that of LM1. The high frequency of LM1 and, in particular of sulphatide antibodies, might thus be relevant to the pathogenesis of the GBS and CIDP.
Abbreviations: The ganglioside nomenclature used according to Svennerholm [24]. LM1, IV3NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer, GM1, II3NeuAcGgOse4Cer; GD1a, IV3NeAc,II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer; GD1b, II3(NeuAc)2-GgOse4Cer; GT1b, IV3NeuAc,II3(NeuAc)2-GgOs4Cer; LU1, sulphate-3-glucuronyl paragloboside; sulphatide, 3-sulphogalacto-sylceramide 相似文献
8.
9.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Antibodies Directed against Neuron-Associated Gangliosides in HIV-1 Infection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary
Background: Loss of synapses and neurons is a common finding in HIV-1 infection. Since the in vivo infection of neurons by HIV-1 is limited, indirect factors are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis.
Patients and Methods: We have analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 25 HIV-1-infected individuals (nine with and 16 without
CNS complications) and 19 HIV-negative controls with aseptic meningitis or viral encephalitis, for the presence of antibodies
directed against the neuron-associated gangliosides GM1, GD1a and GD1b.
Results: Positive antibody titers to ≥ 1 of the gangliosides were found in 13/25 HIV-1-infected patients in CSF and in 17/25 in serum.
Significant correlations were found between the presence and titers of CSF antibodies against GM1, GD1a, and GD1b. Six out
of nine patients with, and 3/16 without neurological complications (p < 0.05) had positive CSF titers of ≥ 1 of the ganglioside
antibodies combined with negative serum titers, indicating intrathecal antibody production. In contrast, only 1/19 controls
had detectable anti-ganglioside antibodies in the CSF.
Conclusion: The results should be interpreted with caution and CSF anti-ganglioside antibody production might be a part of a non-specific
intrathecal polyclonal immunoactivation. Nevertheless, autoantibodies directed against neuron-associated gangliosides might
be involved in the neuropathogenesis in HIV-1 disease.
Received: September 1, 1999 · Revision accepted: February 29, 2000 相似文献
10.
Infection of vaginal and colonic epithelial cells by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is neutralized by antibodies raised against conserved epitopes in the envelope glycoprotein gp120. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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Y Furuta K Eriksson B Svennerholm P Fredman P Horal S Jeansson A Vahlne J Holmgren C Czerkinsky 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1994,91(26):12559-12563
The rectal and genital tract mucosae are considered to be major sites of entry for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during sexual contact. We now demonstrate that vaginal epithelial cells can be infected by HIV type 1 (HIV-1) via a mechanism similar to that described for neuroglial cells and, more recently, for colorectal epithelial cells, involving initial interaction of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 with a cell-surface glycosphingolipid (sulfated lactosylceramide). A hyperimmune serum against gp120 was able to neutralize HIV-1 infection of vaginal epithelial cells. Site-directed immunization was employed to identify sites on gp120 recognized by antibodies neutralizing HIV-1 infection of vaginal and colonic epithelial cells. Hyperimmune sera were raised in monkeys against a series of 40 overlapping synthetic peptides covering the entire sequence of HIV-1 (HTLV-IIIB) gp120. Antisera raised against five synthetic peptides, corresponding to three relatively conserved regions and to the hypervariable region (V3 loop), efficiently neutralized HIV-1 infection of human vaginal epithelial cells in vitro. Similar results were obtained with the colonic cells. Hyperimmune sera to all five peptides have been shown earlier to neutralize HIV-1 infectivity in CD4+ T cells. These results have obvious implications for the design of mucosal subunit vaccines against sexually transmitted HIV-1 infections. 相似文献