Monitoring and evaluation of the health-for-all strategy: experience in the Eastern Mediterranean region

This article is an account of the activities undertaken by the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean in relation to reporting on monitoring and evaluation of progress in the implementation of the strategy for health for all by the year 2000, and the resulting effect on improving coverage and the quality of data. Tables 1-3 compare the completeness of items in the Eastern Mediterranean Region's reports on the three cycles (1983, 1985 and 1988) to that for other regions and for the global level. The comparison is based on the respective global reports presented to the World Health Assembly.     

Bilateral cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast: a case report of malignant form with contralateral benign form

Bilateral cystosarcoma phyllode is uncommon; bilateral tumors, either synchronous or metachronous, are generally either benign or malignant. We report one case of bilateral synchronous cystosarcoma phyllode in a 32-year-old pregnant woman. The left breast mass, measuring 21 x 17 x 10 cm, was classified as malignant cystosarcoma phyllode (high cellularity, stromal overgrowth, marked nuclear atypia, necrosis, mitotic rate = 4 mitoses/10 high power field, infiltrative margin). The right 9 x 9 cm mass was a benign cystosarcoma phyllode tumor (low to moderate cellularity, discrete nuclear atypia, mitotic rate = 1 mitoses/10 high power field, no necrosis, pushing margin). The patient had a left-sided mastectomy and a complete local excision with clear margin of the right breast mass. The patient is free of disease with a 17-month follow-up.     

Unaltered brain membranes after prolonged intake of highly oxidizable long-chain fatty acids of the (n-3) series

Feeding rats a diet enriched in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Menhaden oil) increased the content in eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5 n-3 of brain phospholipids. Conversely 22:4 n-6 was reduced. These changes were not associated with alterations in either vitamin E concentration or glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in cerebrum and cerebellum. No increase in peroxidative damage was found. Interestingly the major very-long-chain fatty acids (22:6 n-3 and 22:5 n-3) were not affected.     

Mycobacterial pseudotumor of the skin

Inflammatory pseudotumors have a diverse etiology, mycobacterial pseudotumor (MP) being one of them. MP is a rare entity; it has been reported infrequently in various organs and is extremely rare in the skin. We report a cutaneous MP in an immunosuppressed liver transplant recipient. The lesion consisted mostly of spindle cells, with small numbers of lymphocytes. Conventional acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain revealed a large number of acid-fast bacilli within spindled histiocytes and the presence of Mycobacterium avium was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Given that the patient had a prior history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma resected and reconstructed in the same area, establishing the diagnosis was challenging. Immunohistochemical staining for lysosome-associated membrane protein was strongly positive, suggesting the presence of numerous mature lysosomes within infected spindle cells. Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumors can mimic malignant or benign neoplasms and should be considered in differential diagnosis of spindle cell lesions, especially in immunocompromised patients. Further studies are needed to determine mechanisms that permit the survival of mycobacteria within the lesions and that cause this unusual manifestation of infection.